{"id":35415,"date":"2020-06-23T00:41:11","date_gmt":"2020-06-22T16:41:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=35415"},"modified":"2020-12-02T09:59:17","modified_gmt":"2020-12-02T01:59:17","slug":"%e3%80%9023-6%e3%80%91%e7%a6%8d%e7%a6%8f%e7%9b%b8%e4%be%9d%ef%bc%9f%e6%b2%99%e5%88%a9%e7%ab%87%e9%82%81%e7%9a%84%e8%a9%9b%e5%92%92%e8%88%87%e5%ba%87%e4%bd%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=35415","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u63a2\u7d2223-6\u3011\u798d\u798f\u76f8\u4f9d\uff1f\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u7684\u8a5b\u5492\u8207\u5e87\u4f51"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/b9bqAucXXiA\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>\u5728\u5468\u6210\u529f\u6559\u6388\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u6709\u8457\u9670\u6697\u3001\u8ca0\u9762\u3001\u90aa\u60e1\u7684\u610f\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u66fe\u7d93\u9020\u6210\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u842c\u80ce\u5152\u7578\u5f62\u3002\u7a76\u7adf\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a5b\u5492\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u88ab\u88fd\u9020\u3001\u6838\u51c6\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u9019\u6b3e\u85e5\u7269\u9019\u9ebc\u53ef\u6015\uff0c\u53c8\u600e\u9ebc\u6703\u8aaa\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u5e87\u4f51\u5462\uff1f\u6f14\u8b1b\u4e2d\u5c07\u4e00\u4e00\u89e3\u5bc6<\/strong><\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8b1b\u8005\uff5c\u967d\u660e\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb\u66a8\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u517c\u4efb\u6559\u6388 \u5468\u6210\u529f<br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>\u5f59\u6574\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u8449\u73ca\u7440<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf1950<\/strong><strong>\u5e74\u4ee3\uff1a\u5145\u6eff\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u70cf\u6258\u90a6<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>1957\u751f\u6d3b\u96dc\u8a8c Life \u7279\u520a\u4ee5\u3008\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\u2014\u2014\u79d1\u6280\u9769\u547d\u6027\u5730\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3009\u53cd\u6620\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u56ae\u5f80\uff0c\u4e5f\u63cf\u7e6a\u6642\u4ee3\u52d5\u76ea\uff1a\u97d3\u6230\u7d50\u675f\u3001\u8d8a\u6230\u525b\u8d77\uff0c\u7576\u5e74\u4e8c\u6230\u65e5\u591c\u8f5f\u70b8\u5728\u4eba\u5011\u5fc3\u4e2d\u9918\u60b8\u7336\u5b58\u3002\u93ae\u5b9a\u5291\u3001\u5b89\u7720\u85e5\u6210\u70ba\u65e5\u5e38\u5fc5\u5099\uff0c\u4f46\u7576\u6642\u85e5\u7269\u5bb9\u6613\u904e\u91cf\u81f4\u6b7b\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u6b63\u5c0b\u627e\u5b89\u5168\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u3002\u5fb7\u570b\u85e5\u5ee0\u683c\u862d\u6cf0\uff08Chemie Gr\u00fcnenthal GmbH\uff09\u60f3\u6436\u4e0b\u9019\u584a\u5927\u9905\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u88fd\u51fa\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\uff0c\u5b83\u975e\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u3001\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6297\u904e\u654f\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u6bba\u52d5\u7269\u8eab\u4e0a\u764c\u7d30\u80de\u3001\u5c0d\u5927\u9f20\u6c92\u6709\u93ae\u975c\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u597d\u8655\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u81f4\u6b7b\u5291\u91cf\uff0c\u5718\u968a\u70ba\u4e86\u627e\u51fa\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u85e5\u6548\u9042\u76f4\u63a5\u9032\u884c\u4eba\u9ad4\u5be6\u9a57\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u8a5b\u5492\u7684\u8d77\u9ede\u8207\u8513\u5ef6<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>1955\u5e74\u683c\u862d\u6cf0\u5728\u897f\u5fb7\u3001\u745e\u58eb\u9032\u884c\u81e8\u5e8a\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u5c07\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u6a23\u54c1\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d66\u91ab\u751f\uff0c\u8acb\u91ab\u751f\u56de\u5831\u75c5\u4eba\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u767c\u73fe\u85e5\u7269\u4e0d\u6703\u6297\u7672\u7647\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u4e9b\u60a3\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u89ba\u5230\u5929\u660e\u3002\u57281957\u5e74\uff0c\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u4ee5\u7121\u6bd2\u5b89\u7720\u85e5\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4e0a\u5e02\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8655\u65b9\uff0c\u540d\u70baContergan\u3002\u4f46\u57281956\u5e74\u8056\u8a95\u591c\u5c31\u6709\u54e1\u5de5\u59bb\u5b50\u7522\u4e0b\u7121\u8033\u5973\u5b30\uff0c\u9019\u4e8b\u4ef6\u537b\u7121\u4eba\u7559\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e4b\u5f8c\u683c\u862d\u6cf0\u572850\u7a2e\u81e8\u5e8a\u91ab\u5b78\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u767b\u5ee3\u544a\u3001\u5206\u900150,000\u4efd\u6a23\u54c1\u7d66\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a3a\u6240\u3001\u5bc4\u9001250,000\u5ee3\u544a\u4fe1\u7d66\u91ab\u751f\uff0c1961\u5e74\u5c31\u6210\u70ba\u5fb7\u570b\u6700\u66a2\u92b7\u7684\u5b89\u7720\u85e5\uff0c\u4f54\u516c\u53f8\u71df\u6536\u4e00\u534a\uff0c1960\u5e74\u5149\u5728\u5fb7\u570b\u5c31\u8ce3\u4e8614.6\u5678\u3002\u5718\u968a\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5e0c\u671b\u9032\u8ecd\u5168\u7403\u5e02\u5834\uff0c\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u8207Distillers Co.\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u800c\u7576\u6642\u516c\u53f8\u6c92\u6709\u85e5\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u7522\u54c1\u672a\u7d93\u81e8\u5e8a\u5be6\u9a57\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0a\u5e02\uff0c\u4ee5Distaval\u70ba\u540d\u3002\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u5171\u8a08\u9032\u8ecd46\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u904d\u53ca\u6b50\u4e9e\u7f8e\uff0c\u64c1\u670937\u500b\u5546\u54c1\u540d\u7a31\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1959\u5e7410\u6708Dr. Ralf Voss\u5beb\u4fe1\u7d66\u683c\u862d\u6cf0\uff0c\u8a62\u554f\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u548c\u591a\u767c\u6027\u795e\u7d93\u708e\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u540c\u5e7412\u6708Dr. Weidenbach\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7578\u5f62\u5973\u5b30\uff08phocomelia\uff09\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u75be\u75c5\u51fa\u73fe\u6a5f\u7387\u662f1\/4,000,000\u3002\u9694\u5e7412\u6708 <em>British Medical Journal <\/em>\u51fa\u73fe\u9996\u7bc7\u75c5\u4eba\u670d\u7528\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u5f8c\u51fa\u73fe\u5468\u908a\u795e\u7d93\u708e\u7684\u5831\u544a\u30021961\u5e742\u6708Dr. Voss\u5728\u91ab\u5b78\u6703\u4e2d\u6b63\u5f0f\u5831\u544a\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u591a\u767c\u6027\u795e\u7d93\u708e\u3002\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u591a\u767c\u6027\u795e\u7d93\u708e\u5831\u544a\u6f38\u6f38\u6d6e\u4e0a\u6aaf\u9762\uff0c\u683c\u862d\u6cf0\u7684\u61c9\u5c0d\u65b9\u5f0f\u537b\u662f\u5426\u8a8d\u3001\u6536\u8cb7\uff0c\u8207\u9ed1\u51fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u9ed1\u6697\u6df1\u6df5\u7684\u6d6e\u73fe\uff1a\u897f\u5fb7\u5f8b\u5e2b\u8207\u91ab\u5e2b\u5171\u540c\u5408\u4f5c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>1961\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u897f\u5fb7\u5f8b\u5e2bKarl Schulte-llillen\u63a5\u9023\u767c\u73fe\u59ca\u59ca\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u59bb\u5b50\u90fd\u7522\u4e0b\u7578\u5b30\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e36\u8457\u5b30\u5152\u7684X\u5149\u7247\u62dc\u8a2a\u6f22\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u5c0f\u5152\u79d1Widukind Lenz\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5c0d\u65b9\u7576\u5929\u4e00\u65e9\u624d\u770b\u5230\u985e\u4f3c\u7684X\u5149\u7247\u3002\u5169\u4eba\u8abf\u67e5\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u7576\u57301961\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u76846,420\u5b30\u5152\u67098\u500b\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c1930-1955\u5e74\u6f22\u5821\u5730\u5340212,00\u4efd\u51fa\u751f\u8b49\u660e\u66f8\u4e2d\u50c5\u4e00\u500b\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u900f\u904e\u9762\u8ac7\u6848\u4f8b\u6bcd\u89aa\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u5728\u61f7\u5b55\u5176\u9593\u670d\u7528\u904e\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Lenz\u6559\u6388\u81f4\u96fb\u683c\u862d\u6cf0\u906d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u4e0d\u7406\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b63\u5f0f\u66f8\u9762\u8981\u6c42\u516c\u53f8\u4e0b\u67b6\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u5c0f\u5152\u91ab\u5b78\u6703\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u61f7\u5b55\u671f\u9593\u670d\u85e5\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u9020\u6210\u80ce\u5152\u7578\u5f62\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u4ecd\u62d2\u7d55\u64a4\u56de\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4ee5\u5ee3\u544a\u5ba3\u63da\u8a72\u85e5\u7269\u5f88\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u5fb7\u570b\u5831\u7d19\u5831\u5c0e\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9053\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u80ce\u5152\u7578\u5f62\uff0c\u5546\u54c1\u624d\u5728\u5fb7\u570b\u4e0b\u67b6\uff0c\u4f46\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u7406\u7531\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u56de\u61c9\u5a92\u9ad4\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\uff0c\u4e14\u518d\u6b21\u5c55\u958b\u5c0dLenz\u6559\u6388\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\u653b\u64ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u5730\u7403\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u7684\u5076\u7136\u8207\u5fc5\u7136\uff1a\u6fb3\u6d32\u5a66\u7522\u79d1\u91ab\u5e2b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>1960\u5e748\u6708\u82f1\u570bDistillers\u767c\u9001\u6a23\u54c1\u81f3\u6fb3\u6d32\u5a66\u7522\u79d1\u91ab\u5e2bWilliam McBride\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u91ab\u5e2b\u5c07\u6a23\u54c1\u7d66\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b55\u5410\u7684\u5a66\u5973\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u7adf\u7136\u6539\u5584\u5bb3\u559c\u75c7\u72c0\uff0cDistaval\u9042\u6416\u8eab\u4e00\u8b8a\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u5bb3\u559c\u5a66\u5973\u7684\u6551\u661f\u3002\u4f46\u57281961\u5e745-6\u6708\u9593\uff0c\u4ed6\u537b\u9023\u7e8c\u63a5\u751f3\u500b\u6975\u5ea6\u7578\u5f62\u7684\u80ce\u5152\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5a66\u5973\u5728\u61f7\u5b55\u521d\u671f\u90fd\u6709\u7528\u670d\u7528\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u30021960\u5e74\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u51fa\u73fe\u5468\u908a\u795e\u7d93\u708e\u7684\u5831\u544a\u51fa\u7210\uff0cMcBride\u7d42\u65bc\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u4ed6\u6210\u70ba\u9996\u4f4d\u8a8d\u70ba\u7578\u5f62\u80ce\u5152\u8207\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u91ab\u5e2b\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6295\u7a3f\u8ad6\u6587\u66fe\u56e0\u672a\u9806\u5229\u6536\u4ef6\u7684\u7591\u96f2\u800c\u906d\u803d\u8aa4\uff0c\u76f4\u52301961\u5e7411\u670816\u65e5\u6295\u7a3fLancet\u7372\u51c6\uff0c\u624d\u63ed\u9732\u6574\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u56e0\u6b64\u5f97\u5230\u6fb3\u6d32\u3001\u5927\u82f1\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u8868\u63da\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1961\u5e7412\u67082\u65e5\uff0cDistillers\u516c\u53f8\u5ba3\u4f48\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u548c\u6fb3\u6d32\u4e0b\u67b6\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u59274\u500b\u6708\u5f8c\u624d\u4e0b\u67b6\u3002\u7c97\u4f30\u5728\u5fb7\u570b\u670940,000\u4eba\u56e0\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u5f97\u5230\u5468\u908a\u795e\u7d93\u708e\uff0c\u4e14\u5168\u7403\u56e0\u6b64\u7a2e\u85e5\u7269\u7522\u751f10,000\u540d\u7578\u5f62\u5b30\u5152\uff0c\u5f8c\u7e8c\u6709\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7372\u5f97\u8ce0\u511f\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u6709\u4eba\u9084\u5728\u722d\u53d6\u88dc\u511f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u6697\u591c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7d72\u66d9\u5149\uff1a\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u7684\u5e87\u852d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u75f2\u760b\u75c5\u91ab\u9662\u9662\u9577 Dr. Jacob Sheskin\u66fe\u62b1\u6301\u59d1\u4e14\u4e00\u8a66\u7684\u5fc3\u614b\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u70ba\u81ea\u9ad4\u514d\u75ab\u91cd\u75c7\u75c5\u60a3\u6cbb\u7642\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u5341\u5206\u6709\u6548\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86WHO\u9818\u8ecd\u9032\u884c\u5168\u7403\u81e8\u5e8a\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u5c0d\u65bc\u6cbb\u7642\u75f2\u760b\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u81ea\u9ad4\u514d\u75ab\u5f88\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u9996\u9078\u3002Dr. Sheskin\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u7372\u9812\u76f8\u95dc\u6b8a\u69ae\u3002\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u53c8\u77ac\u9593\u5f9e\u9b54\u9b3c\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u5929\u4f7f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u80fd\u6291\u5236\u5de8\u566c\u7d30\u80de\u91cb\u653e\u7d30\u80de\u6fc0\u7d20TNF\u03b1\uff0c\u5c0d\u611b\u6ecb\u75c5\u4eba\u56e0\u70ba\u7d30\u80de\u6fc0\u7d20TNF\u03b1\u904e\u91cf\u9020\u6210\u7684\u611b\u6ecb\u75c5\u6bd2\u6d88\u8017\u6027\u75c7\u5019\u7fa4\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u662f\u96de\u5c3e\u9152\u7642\u6cd5\u51fa\u73fe\u524d\u5c0d\u6297\u611b\u6ecb\u552f\u4e00\u6709\u7528\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u3002\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u4e5f\u5e36\u7d66\u591a\u767c\u6027\u9aa8\u9ad3\u7624\u6cbb\u7642\u8fd130\u5e74\u4f86\u4e00\u5927\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u9762\u5c0d\u53cd\u8986\u6cbb\u7642\u5fa9\u767c\u8005\u4e5f\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u9020\u6210\u80ce\u5152\u7578\u5f62\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u6a5f\u5236\u52302018\u5e74\u624d\u898b\u5206\u66c9\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u7d50\u69cb\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u5169\u96bb\u624b\uff0c\u4e00\u96bb\u624b\u6349\u7dca\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u96bb\u624b\u628a\u4e00\u500b\u5c0d\u80da\u80ce\u767c\u80b2\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u6349\u4f4f\uff0c\u5e36\u9032\u6a5f\u5668\u4e2d\u5206\u89e3\u6389\u3002\u7528\u9019\u7a2e\u5e36\u4e86\u5169\u96bb\u624b\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u4f86\u5206\u89e3\u7d30\u80de\u88e1\u6703\u884d\u751f\u75c5\u5fb5\u7684\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u662f\u8fd1\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u958b\u767c\u6280\u8853\u3002\u800c\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u66f4\u70ba\u9019\u9805\u6280\u8853\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u652f\u65b0\u751f\u529b\u8ecd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u82e5\u5927\u9f20\u5c0d\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u6709\u53cd\u61c9\u3001\u6703\u7522\u751f\u7578\u5f62\u80ce\u5152\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u5c31\u88ab\u7981\u7528\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5f8c\u7e8c\u91ab\u5b78\u61c9\u7528\u4e0a\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u55ce\uff1f\u798d\u516e\u798f\u4e4b\u6240\u501a\uff0c\u798f\u516e\u798d\u4e4b\u6240\u4f0f\u3002\u5b70\u77e5\u5176\u6975\uff1f\u5468\u6559\u6388\u8fd1\u671f\u95b1\u8b80\u8001\u5b50\uff0c\u5f9e\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u770b\u5230\u798d\u798f\u76f8\u4f9d\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u5beb\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>--<\/strong><br 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