{"id":35277,"date":"2020-05-12T12:00:03","date_gmt":"2020-05-12T04:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=35277"},"modified":"2020-05-12T12:07:09","modified_gmt":"2020-05-12T04:07:09","slug":"%e8%87%ba%e7%81%a3%e9%ad%9a%e9%a1%9e%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e5%b7%a5%e5%85%b7%e6%9b%b8%e7%9a%84%e6%95%85%e4%ba%8b%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%8a%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=35277","title":{"rendered":"\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u5177\u66f8\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff08\u4e0a\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u81fa\u7063\u7576\u4e4b\u7121\u6127\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u9b5a\u985e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5bf6\u5730\u2500\u2500\u5149\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u81fa\u7063\u6c34\u57df\u5167\u68f2\u606f\u7684\u9b5a\u985e\uff0c\u5c31\u4f54\u4e86\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5df2\u77e5\u9b5a\u985e\u7e3d\u6578\u7684\u4e00\u6210\u4e0a\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f9e\u6df1\u5c71\u4e2d\u7684\u6eab\u5e36\u9b5a\u985e\u6afb\u82b1\u9264\u543b\u9bad\uff0c\u5230\u73ca\u745a\u7901\u88e1\u7684\u71b1\u5e36\u9b5a\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u767c\u73fe\u8e64\u8de1\u3002\u8ffd\u6eaf\u8fd1\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b78\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f9e\u4e8b\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6eaf\u81f319\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u8449\uff0c\u800c\u7d93\u904e\u767e\u9918\u5e74\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u5f8c\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u8981\u4e0a\u7db2\u4f7f\u7528\u300c\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u300d\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u8f15\u6613\u6aa2\u7d22\u5230\u4e09\u5343\u591a\u7a2e\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u6599\uff01\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u81fa\u7063\u7684\u9b5a\u985e\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u767c\u5c55\u5230\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u898f\u6a21\uff0c\u9014\u4e2d\u53c8\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u8da3\u4e8b\u6216\u56f0\u96e3\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf20<\/strong><strong>\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u8449\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u7814\u7a76<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>1859-70\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u9b5a\u985e\u5b78\u8005\u8ca2\u5fb7\uff08Albert G\u00fcnther\uff09\u7de8\u7e82\u7684\u300a\u5927\u82f1\u535a\u7269\u9928\u6536\u85cf\u9b5a\u985e\u6a19\u672c\u76ee\u9304\uff08Catalogue of the Fishes in the British Museum\uff09\u300b\u7b2c\u516b\u518a\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a18\u8f09\u4e8616\u7a2e\u7531\u82f1\u570b\u4eba\u65af\u6587\u8c6a\uff08Robert Swinhoe\uff09\u5728\u81fa\u7063\u63a1\u96c6\u7684\u6de1\u6c34\u9b5a\u985e\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u77e5\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7d00\u9304\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8f03\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5247\u8981\u5f9e\u65e5\u6cbb\u6642\u671f\u8aaa\u8d77\u3002\u6700\u65e9\u4f86\u81fa\u7814\u7a76\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u662f1896-97\u5e74\u9593\u4f86\u81fa\u3001\u7562\u696d\u65bc\u6771\u4eac\u5e1d\u5927\u7684\u591a\u7530\u7db1\u8f14\uff1b\u7a0d\u5f8c\u5247\u6709\u5fb7\u570b\u4eba\u68ad\u5fb7\uff08Hans Sauter\uff09\u65bc20\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u4f86\u81fa\u7d93\u71df\u6a19\u672c\u751f\u610f\u3002\u9019\u5169\u4eba\u6240\u63a1\u96c6\u7684\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u6210\u70ba\u7f8e\u570b\u5b78\u8005\u55ac\u4e39\uff08David Starr Jordan\uff09\u7814\u7a76\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u800c\u55ac\u4e39\u7684\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u66fe\u53c3\u8207\u81fa\u7063\u767d\u87fb\u8abf\u67e5\u548c\u9632\u6cbb\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5927\u5cf6\u6b63\u6eff\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u8ddf\u55ac\u4e39\u5171\u540c\u8b49\u5be6\u4e86\u6afb\u82b1\u9264\u543b\u9bad\u9019\u7a2e\u5b58\u6d3b\u65bc\u4e9e\u71b1\u5e36\u81fa\u7063\u7684\u6eab\u5e36\u9b5a\u985e\uff0c\u4e26\u57281920\u5e74\u5b78\u6210\u8fd4\u81fa\u5f8c\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u81fa\u7063\u6de1\u6c34\u9b5a\u985e\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\u548c\u5206\u985e\u6574\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u81fa\u5317\u5e1d\u5927\u7684\u9b5a\u985e\u6a19\u672c\u5178\u85cf\uff0c\u591a\u51fa\u81ea\u4ed6\u7684\u624b\u7b46\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u57fa\u9686\u6c34\u7522\u8a66\u9a57\u5834\u7684\u6280\u5e2b\u4e2d\u6751\u5ee3\u53f8\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c0d\u81fa\u7063\u5730\u5340\u7684\u9bab\u985e\u3001\u65d7\u9b5a\u53ca\u9baa\u9b5a\u9032\u884c\u8a73\u76e1\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u96d6\u975e\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u6f01\u696d\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u671f\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u5c0d\u65bc\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u55ac\u4e39\u65bc1902\u5e74\u767c\u8868\u7684\u3008\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u63a1\u96c6\u8a18\u3009\u53ca1908\u5e74\u767c\u8868\u7684\u3008\u81fa\u7063\u7522\u9b5a\u985e\u76ee\u9304\u3009\uff08\u5171\u6536\u9304286\u7a2e\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\uff09\uff1b\u66fe\u7d93\u8ddf\u96a8\u55ac\u4e39\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u798f\u52d2\uff08H. W. Fowler\uff09\uff0c\u81ea1930\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u83f2\u5f8b\u8cd3\u53ca\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d\u570b\u3001\u81fa\u7063\u7b49\u5730\u7684\u9130\u8fd1\u6d77\u57df\u9b5a\u985e\u903e30\u5e74\uff0c\u665a\u5e74\u4e26\u66fe\u767c\u8868\u3008\u4e2d\u570b\u9b5a\u985e\u6aa2\u7d22\uff08A Synopsis of the Fishes of China\uff09\u3009\uff0c\u914d\u6709\u89aa\u624b\u7e6a\u88fd\u3001\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u5716\u50cf\uff0c\u53ef\u60dc\u4ed6\u5728\u6587\u7a3f\u5168\u90e8\u5b8c\u6210\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u901d\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u4ee5\u81fa\u7063\u5730\u5340\u9b5a\u985e\u70ba\u4e3b\u984c\u3001\u6536\u9304\u5167\u5bb9\u8f03\u70ba\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7d9c\u5408\u6027\u6587\u737b\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u6230\u4e4b\u524d\u53ea\u67091938\u5e74\u5ca1\u7530\u5f4c\u4e00\u90ce\u7de8\u7e82\u7684\u300a\u65e5\u672c\u810a\u690e\u52d5\u7269\u76ee\u9304\u300b\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4e2d\u6536\u9304\u7684\u81fa\u7063\u5730\u5340\u9b5a\u985e\u4e5f\u53ea\u6709430\u7a2e\uff0c\u8ddf\u540c\u6642\u671f\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u5df2\u7d93\u8a18\u8f09\u7684\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u6578\u91cf\uff08\u5927\u7d04700\u7a2e\uff09\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ecd\u6709\u589e\u88dc\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u7b2c\u4e00\u672c\u300a\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u8a8c\u300b\u7684\u51fa\u73fe<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>1945\u5e74\uff0c\u9673\u517c\u5584\u6559\u6388\u5949\u547d\u4f86\u81fa\u63a5\u6536\u81fa\u5317\u5e1d\u5927\u52d5\u7269\u7cfb\uff08\u4eca\u65e5\u81fa\u5927\u751f\u79d1\u7cfb\uff09\u8207\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u535a\u7269\u9928\uff08\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u81fa\u7063\u535a\u7269\u9928\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u61f7\u62b1\u8457\u300c\u4ee5\u4e2d\u6587\u4f86\u7de8\u7e82\u4e2d\u570b\u672c\u5730\u751f\u7269\u6559\u672c\u300d\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4f86\u81fa\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u5c31\u6253\u7b97\u7de8\u7e82\u4ee5\u5168\u4e2d\u570b\u810a\u690e\u52d5\u7269\u70ba\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u52d5\u7269\u5b78\u5c08\u66f8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53d7\u9650\u65bc\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5167\u5bb9\u3001\u7bc7\u5e45\u904e\u5927\u3001\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u4f5c\u70ba\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u6750\uff08\u56e0\u70ba\u5f88\u96e3\u5728\u4e00\u5b78\u5e74\u5167\u8b1b\u5b8c\uff09\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6240\u4ee51950\u5e74\u4ed6\u5728\u5e2b\u5927\u8b1b\u6388\u810a\u690e\u52d5\u7269\u5b78\u6642\uff0c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5148\u4ee5\u81fa\u7063\u672c\u5730\u810a\u690e\u52d5\u7269\u70ba\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u9019\u9ebc\u4e00\u4f86\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u7bc7\u5e45\uff0c\u5167\u5bb9\u4e5f\u8207\u672c\u5730\u76f8\u901a\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u5c07\u4f86\u7562\u696d\u751f\u5728\u81fa\u7063\u5404\u4e2d\u5b78\u4efb\u6559\u6642\u6388\u8ab2\u3001\u63a1\u96c6\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35280\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35280\" style=\"width: 169px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-35280\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/01.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"224\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35280\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e00\u3001\u300a\u81fa\u7063\u810a\u690e\u52d5\u7269\u8a8c\u300b\u8457\u8005\u3001\u77e5\u540d\u52d5\u7269\u5b78\u8005\u9673\u517c\u5584\uff0c\u4e00\u751f\u6295\u6ce8\u52d5\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u8207\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u52e4\u65bc\u8457\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u6b3d\u4f69\u3002\uff08\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u79d1\u5b78\u6708\u520a\uff0c2000\u5e742\u670829\u65e5\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u4eba\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u300a\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u8a8c\u300b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9673\u517c\u5584\u5728\u6574\u7406\u81fa\u7063\u810a\u690e\u52d5\u7269\u8cc7\u6599\u6642\u7684\u526f\u7522\u54c1\u4e4b\u4e00\u30021951\u5e74\uff0c\u9673\u517c\u5584\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u70ba\u81fa\u7063\u9280\u884c\u6240\u7de8\u5370\u7684\u300a\u81fa\u7063\u4e4b\u6c34\u7522\u8cc7\u6e90\u300b\u64b0\u5beb\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u4ee5\u3008\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u8a8c\u3009\u70ba\u984c\u7684\u5c08\u6587\uff0c\u6536\u9304662\u7a2e\u9b5a\u985e\uff1b\u4e4b\u5f8c\u4ed6\u53c8\u82b1\u4e86\u5169\u5e74\u591a\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u4ee5\u8a72\u7bc7\u5c08\u6587\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u5145\u5be6\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e26\u91cd\u65b0\u8003\u8b49\u76f8\u95dc\u6587\u737b\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u65bc1954\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u66f8\u540d\u540c\u6a23\u662f\u300a\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e\u8a8c\u300b\u3002\u66f8\u4e2d\u5171\u6536\u9304\u81fa\u7063\u9b5a\u985e675\u7a2e\u3001140\u79d1\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u79d1\u90fd\u6709\u5916\u8868\u7279\u5fb5\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u6587\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u689d\u5217\u8a72\u79d1\u6240\u5c6c\u7684\u9b5a\u7a2e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b78\u540d\u3001\u4e2d\u6587\u540d\u3001\u4fd7\u540d\u8207\u68f2\u606f\u5730\u7b49\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35281\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35281\" style=\"width: 1310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-35281\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/021.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1310\" height=\"492\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/021.jpg 1310w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/021-300x113.jpg 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/021-768x288.jpg 768w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/021-1024x385.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1310px) 100vw, 1310px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35281\" 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