{"id":35260,"date":"2020-05-14T00:26:01","date_gmt":"2020-05-13T16:26:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=35260"},"modified":"2020-05-11T11:35:05","modified_gmt":"2020-05-11T03:35:05","slug":"%e5%85%a7%e9%9a%b1%e8%aa%8d%e7%9f%a5%e3%80%81%e7%89%b9%e8%b3%aa%e4%bb%a5%e5%8f%8a%e5%8d%b1%e9%9a%aa%e9%a7%95%e9%a7%9b%e4%b9%8b%e9%96%93%e7%9a%84%e9%97%9c%e4%bf%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=35260","title":{"rendered":"\u5167\u96b1\u8a8d\u77e5\u3001\u7279\u8cea\u4ee5\u53ca\u5371\u96aa\u99d5\u99db\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_35264\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35264\" style=\"width: 450px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35264\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/matthew-t-rader-mHrc8ydLg3c-unsplash.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/matthew-t-rader-mHrc8ydLg3c-unsplash.jpg 3008w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/matthew-t-rader-mHrc8ydLg3c-unsplash-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/matthew-t-rader-mHrc8ydLg3c-unsplash-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/matthew-t-rader-mHrc8ydLg3c-unsplash-1024x681.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35264\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90:unsplash.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u6587\uff0f\u5468\u739f\u8431<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u9152\u7cbe\u6216\u662f\u85e5\u7269\u6feb\u7528\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4e4b\u4e0b\u99d5\u99db (Drinking under the influence\uff1bDUI)\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8b93\u4ea4\u901a\u4e8b\u6545\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u5118\u7ba1\u570b\u5167\u5916\u653f\u5e9c\u90fd\u65e9\u5df2\u796d\u51fa\u4e86\u76f8\u95dc\u7f70\u5247\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u90fd\u9084\u662f\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u8f15\u5ffd\u751f\u547d\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u7528\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0a\u8def\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u3002\u6839\u64da\u5167\u653f\u90e8\u7d71\u8a08\uff0c 2018 \u5e74\u6709 5000 \u591a\u4f4d\u6c11\u773e\u56e0\u9152\u99d5\u767c\u751f\u610f\u5916\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u906d\u5230\u6ce2\u53ca\uff1b\u800c\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u5247\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u662f\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u767c\u751f\u9152\u99d5\u3001\u9ebb\u99d5\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bd2\u67b6\u7684\u5730\u5340 (Budd, Muto, &amp; Wong, 1989)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u8b93\u5b78\u8005\u5011\u611f\u5230\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u5947\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4eba\u5011\u5728\u5df2\u77e5\u98a8\u96aa\u8207\u7f70\u5247\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ecd\u57f7\u610f\u8981\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5371\u5bb3\u751f\u547d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff1f\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cAmes\u7b49\u4eba\u6c7a\u5b9a\u57f7\u884c\u4e00\u4efd\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u63a2\u8a0e\u300c\u611f\u5b98\u523a\u6fc0\u5c0b\u6c42 (Sensation seeking)\u300d\u3001\u300c\u8a18\u61b6\u806f\u60f3 (Memory association)\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5927\u9ebb\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp; (Marijuana)\u300d\u8207\u300c\u5728\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4e4b\u4e0b\u99d5\u99db (Driving under the influence\uff1bDUI)\u300d\u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u4f55\u95dc\u806f\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u5371\u96aa\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u300c\u5feb\u611f\u300d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u611f\u5b98\u523a\u6fc0\u5c0b\u6c42\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u4eba\u683c\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u8ddf\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u6bd4\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u9805\u7279\u8cea\u7684\u8a55\u6bd4\u4e0a\u62ff\u9ad8\u5206\u8005\uff0c\u6703\u66f4\u504f\u597d\u8ffd\u6c42\u611f\u5b98\u4e0a\u7684\u65b0\u9bae\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6a02\u65bc\u8ffd\u5c0b\u65b0\u5947\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u5f9e\u6b63\u9762\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4e5f\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff1a\u4eba\u5011\u6703\u66f4\u52a0\u6a02\u610f\u627f\u53d7\u9ad8\u98a8\u96aa\u4f86\u505a\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6839\u64da\u5b78\u8005\u7d71\u8a08\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6bd4\u8f03\u53ef\u80fd\u6feb\u7528\u975e\u6cd5\u85e5\u7269\uff1b\u800c Zuckerman \u7b49\u4eba\u5247\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7279\u8cea\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9810\u6e2c\u5371\u5bb3\u751f\u547d\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5438\u83f8\u3001\u9157\u9152\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u7b49\uff1b\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5c0b\u6c42\u611f\u5b98\u523a\u6fc0\u7279\u8cea\u7684\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u771f\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\u559c\u6b61\u300c\u958b\u5feb\u8eca\u300d\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4ea4\u901a\u4e8b\u6545\u767c\u751f\u7387\u504f\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u99d5\u99db\u7684\u7576\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5ffd\u7565\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u4e0d\u826f\u5f8c\u679c\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u6703\u7acb\u5373\u7d66\u4ed6\u5011\u5e36\u4f86\u6109\u6085\u7684\u5371\u96aa\u99d5\u99db\u884c\u70ba (Zuskerman, 1994)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5167\u96b1\u8a8d\u77e5 (Implicit memory) \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u9810\u6e2c\u85e5\u7269\u6feb\u7528\uff0c\u85e5\u7269\u6216\u662f\u9152\u7cbe\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u6109\u6085\u611f\u53d7\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u983b\u7387\u8b8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u8207\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u5f62\u6210\u7dca\u5bc6\u7684\u9023\u7d50 (Memory association)\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4e00\u60f3\u5230\u559d\u9152\uff0c\u5c31\u806f\u60f3\u5230\u4e0a\u6b21\u8ddf\u670b\u53cb\u805a\u6703\u767c\u751f\u7684\u8da3\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e45\u800c\u4e45\u4e4b\u5c31\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u7a2e\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u7684\u6b77\u7a0b\uff0c\u8b93\u4eba\u5011\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4e0d\u592a\u9700\u8981\u8003\u616e\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u9078\u64c7\u6feb\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7269\u8cea\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0d\u65bc\u559c\u6b61\u8ffd\u5c0b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\u800c\u8a00\uff0cAmes \u7b49\u4eba\u63a8\u6e2c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u597d\u5947\u800c\u6feb\u7528\u9152\u7cbe\u3001\u5927\u9ebb\u6216\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u6cd5\u85e5\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u8a18\u61b6\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u806f\u7d50\u6703\u9032\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4ed6\u5011\u505a\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u5c0b\u627e\u85e5\u7269\u6216\u662f\u5371\u96aa\u99d5\u99db\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u8207\u7d50\u679c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u662f166\u540d\u6bd2\u72af\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5e74\u9f61\u4ecb\u5728 18 \u5230 50 \u6b72\uff0c\u662f\u900f\u904e\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u6559\u80b2\/\u8aee\u5546\u6a5f\u69cb\u62db\u52df\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5fc5\u9700\u5148\u5b8c\u6210\u5b57\u8a5e\u806f\u60f3\u6e2c\u9a57\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6e2c\u9a57\u88e1\u9762\uff0c\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u5fc5\u9808\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u5beb\u4e0b\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u67d0\u500b\u984c\u76ee\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5b57\u8a5e\uff0c\u6703\u7522\u751f\u54ea\u4e9b\u806f\u60f3\uff1b\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u4ed6\u5011\u5fc5\u9700\u56de\u7b54\u9032 6 \u500b\u6708\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u5927\u9ebb\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u6cc1\uff1b\u6700\u5f8c\u586b\u5beb\u5371\u96aa\u99d5\u99db\u91cf\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca Zuckerman \u7b49\u4eba\u6240\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u554f\u5377\uff0c\u4ee5\u8a55\u4f30\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u523a\u6fc0\u5c0b\u6c42\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u8a18\u61b6\u806f\u60f3\u5c0d\u65bc\u611f\u5b98\u5c0b\u6c42\u523a\u6fc0\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u9ebb\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u6709\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u5c0d\u5371\u96aa\u99d5\u99db\u884c\u70ba\u6709\u8457\u986f\u8457\u5f71\u97ff\uff1b\u800c\u611f\u5b98\u5c0b\u6c42\u523a\u6fc0\u9019\u9805\u7279\u8cea\u7121\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u9810\u6e2c\u5927\u9ebb\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u80fd\u5920\u9810\u6e2c\u5371\u96aa\u99d5\u99db\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u7136\u800c\u9084\u662f\u5fc5\u9808\u8003\u91cf\u5230\u7814\u7a76\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8aaa\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5728\u525b\u958b\u59cb\u8207\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u300c\u544a\u77e5\u300d\u5be6\u9a57\u76ee\u7684\u6642\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u5fc3\u4e2d\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u5b57\u8a5e\u7684\u806f\u60f3\uff1f\u800c\u4e14\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u70ba\u4e86\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u7b26\u5408\u793e\u6703\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u6a23\u5b50\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u4f4e\u5831\u4ed6\u5011\u7269\u8cea\u6feb\u7528\u6216\u662f\u5371\u96aa\u99d5\u99db\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 Ames \u7b49\u4eba\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\u7d66\u4e88\u4fdd\u6301\u533f\u540d\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u6216\u662f\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u96b1\u79c1\u4fdd\u8b77\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u662f\u8b93\u7814\u7a76\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0191886901002124\">Susan L. Ames., Jennifer B. Zogg &amp; Alan W. Stacy., Implicit cognition, sensation seeking, marijuana use and driving behavior among drug offenders., Personality and Individual Differences 33 (2002) 1055\u20131072<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u300c\u611f\u5b98\u523a\u6fc0\u5c0b\u6c42\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u4eba\u683c\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u8ddf\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u6bd4\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u9805\u7279\u8cea\u7684\u8a55\u6bd4\u4e0a\u62ff\u9ad8\u5206\u8005\uff0c\u6703\u66f4\u504f\u597d\u8ffd\u6c42\u611f\u5b98\u4e0a\u7684\u65b0\u9bae\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6a02\u65bc\u8ffd\u5c0b\u65b0\u5947\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u5f9e\u6b63\u9762\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4e5f\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff1a\u4eba\u5011\u6703\u66f4\u52a0\u6a02\u610f\u627f\u53d7\u9ad8\u98a8\u96aa\u4f86\u505a\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":35264,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[257,3293],"tags":[4628,4631,4629,4630],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/matthew-t-rader-mHrc8ydLg3c-unsplash.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35260"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=35260"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35260\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35265,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35260\/revisions\/35265"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/35264"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=35260"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=35260"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=35260"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}