{"id":35160,"date":"2020-03-26T00:54:13","date_gmt":"2020-03-25T16:54:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=35160"},"modified":"2023-06-06T11:10:44","modified_gmt":"2023-06-06T03:10:44","slug":"%e8%87%ba%e7%81%a3%e7%9a%84%e6%b7%a1%e6%b0%b4%e6%b2%bc%e8%9d%a6%e5%88%86%e9%a1%9e%e6%95%85%e4%ba%8b-%e8%87%ba%e7%81%a3%e7%9b%b2%e9%b0%bb%e7%9a%84%e5%88%86%e9%a1%9e%e6%95%85%e4%ba%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=35160","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u6c99\u9f8d\u3011\u3008\u81fa\u7063\u7684\u6de1\u6c34\u6cbc\u8766\u5206\u985e\u6545\u4e8b\u3009&#038;\u3008\u81fa\u7063\u76f2\u9c3b\u7684\u5206\u985e\u6545\u4e8b\u3009"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/TM2jwWAwR_I\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u3008\u81fa\u7063\u7684\u6de1\u6c34\u6cbc\u8766\u5206\u985e\u6545\u4e8b\u3009<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u6de1\u6c34\u8766\u7a2e\uff0c\u4ee5\u5177\u6709\u5169\u96bb\u660e\u986f\u7684\u9577\u81c2\u5927\u87af\uff0c\u666e\u904d\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u6cb3\u5ddd\u3001\u6c34\u5eab\u3001\u6c60\u5858\u3001\u5c71\u6f97\u7684\u6cbc\u8766\u5c6c\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u7576\u5c6c\u4eba\u5011\u719f\u77e5\u7684\u6cf0\u570b\u8766\u3002\u7136\u800c\u9019\u500b\u5b78\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u7f85\u6c0f\u6cbc\u8766\u300d\u7684\u6cf0\u570b\u8766\uff0c\u537b\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u5206\u985e\u66f4\u540d\u53f2\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8b1b\u5e2b\uff1a\u5289\u540d\u5141\uff5c\u570b\u5bb6\u5be6\u9a57\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u53f0\u7063\u6d77\u6d0b\u79d1\u6280\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u5e73\u5e38\u719f\u77e5\u7684\u8766\u5b50\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u80a2\u9ad4\u5206\u7bc0\u7684\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u985e\u5b78\u4e2d\u88ab\u6b78\u70ba\u300c\u7bc0\u80a2\u52d5\u7269\u9580\u300d\uff1b\u8eab\u9ad4\u8868\u9762\u7531\u5e7e\u4e01\u8cea\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u5916\u9aa8\u9abc\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u4fdd\u8b77\u8207\u652f\u6490\u8eab\u9ad4\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u88ab\u6b78\u70ba\u300c\u7532\u6bbc\u7db1\u300d\uff1b\u982d\u80f8\u90e8\u5177\u6709\u4e94\u5c0d\u80f8\u8db3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u6b78\u70ba\u300c\u5341\u8db3\u76ee\u300d\u3002\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u6de1\u6c34\u8766\u985e\uff0c\u5247\u5206\u70ba\u9577\u81c2\u8766\u79d1 (Palaemonidae) \u8ddf\u5319\u6307\u8766\u79d1 (Atyidae) \u5169\u5927\u985e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53c8\u4ee5\u9577\u81c2\u8766\u79d1\u5e95\u4e0b\uff0c\u9577\u81c2\u8766\u4e9e\u79d1\u7684\u6cbc\u8766\u5c6c (Macrobrachium) \u70ba\u5927\u5b97\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53f0\u7063\u6de1\u6c34\u6cbc\u8766\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230 1868 \u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u4eba Bate \u5728\u6de1\u6c34\u6cb3\u53e3\u6293\u5230\u4e00\u96bb\u524d\u6240\u672a\u898b\u7684\u6cbc\u8766\uff0c\u5c07\u5176\u547d\u540d\u70ba\u53f0\u7063\u6cbc\u8766 (Macrobrachium formosense) \uff0c\u540c\u6642\u628a\u6cbc\u8766\u5c6c\u5f9e\u9577\u81c2\u8766\u5c6c (Palaemon) \u4e2d\u7368\u7acb\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7267\u8302\u5e02\u90ce\u8207\u571f\u5c4b\u5bec\uff0c\u5728 1923 \u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u53f0\u7063\u7522\u5341\u8173\u985e\u5716\u8aaa\u300b\uff0c\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u7c97\u7cd9\u6cbc\u8766\u3001\u5927\u548c\u6cbc\u8766\u3001\u8caa\u98df\u6cbc\u8766\u3001\u53f0\u7063\u6cbc\u8766\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e5\u672c\u6cbc\u8766\u7b49\u4e94\u7a2e\u6cbc\u8766\u3002\u5230\u4e86 1980 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5728\u6e38\u7965\u5e73\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5e36\u9818\u4e0b\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u5c0d\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u6cbc\u8766\u9032\u884c\u5168\u9762\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u5148\u5f8c\u767c\u8868\u4e86 16 \u7a2e\u6cbc\u8766\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u73fe\u4eca\u6211\u5011\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53f0\u7063\u6cbc\u8766\u7a2e\u985e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f8c\u4f86\u96d6\u7136\u4e5f\u5076\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u53f0\u7063\u6cbc\u8766\u7269\u7a2e\u767c\u8868\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f80\u5f80\u5c31\u53ea\u6709\u6293\u5230\u904e\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e00\u96bb\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5149\u9760\u578b\u614b\u7814\u5224\u6cbc\u8766\u7a2e\u985e\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u9020\u6210\u8aa4\u5224\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u5426\u78ba\u5be6\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u7269\u7a2e\u4ecd\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u3002 2007 \u5e74\u5c31\u66fe\u7d93\u6709\u904e\u9019\u9ebc\u4e00\u500b\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u5206\u6790\u7f85\u6c0f\u6cbc\u8766 (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) \u7a2e\u7fa4\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u904e\u53bb\u8a8d\u70ba\u5c6c\u65bc\u7f85\u6c0f\u6cbc\u8766\u4e9e\u7a2e\uff0c\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u4fd7\u7a31\u300c\u6cf0\u570b\u8766\u300d\u7684\u5927\u9b41\u6cbc\u8766 (Macrobrachium dacqueti) \uff0c\u5728\u907a\u50b3\u56e0\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u5730\u57df\u5206\u5e03\u4e0a\u90fd\u8207\u7f85\u6c0f\u6cbc\u8766\u5927\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u7406\u61c9\u7368\u7acb\u6210\u70ba\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\uff1b\u7136\u800c\u7531\u65bc\u5927\u9b41\u6cbc\u8766\u5728\u5546\u696d\u990a\u6b96\u4e0a\u76f8\u7576\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u4e88\u4ee5\u300c\u6b63\u540d\u300d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u95dc\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u4e00\u8d77\u66f4\u540d\uff0c\u65e2\u9ebb\u7169\u53c8\u82b1\u9322\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u969b\u52d5\u7269\u547d\u540d\u59d4\u54e1\u6703 (ICZN) \u6700\u5f8c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u63a1\u53d6\u4e00\u7a2e\u6298\u8877\u8fa6\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u5169\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\u5730\u57df\u5206\u5e03\u7dda\u7684\u5169\u5074\u518d\u5404\u6293\u4e00\u96bb\u65b0\u6a23\u672c\uff0c\u9019\u982d\u7684\u5927\u9b41\u6cbc\u8766\u91cd\u65b0\u547d\u540d\u70ba\u7f85\u6c0f\u6cbc\u8766\uff0c\u90a3\u982d\u7684\u7f85\u6c0f\u6cbc\u8766\u91cd\u65b0\u547d\u540d\u70ba\u5927\u9b41\u6cbc\u8766\u3002\u9019\u5927\u6982\u662f\u52d5\u7269\u547d\u540d\u6587\u737b\u88e1\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u56e0\u70ba\u990a\u6b96\u696d\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u300c\u5f35\u51a0\u674e\u6234\u300d\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u6210\u70ba\u6cbc\u8766\u547d\u540d\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u8da3\u805e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u3008\u81fa\u7063\u76f2\u9c3b\u7684\u5206\u985e\u6545\u4e8b\u3009<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u76f2\u9cd7\u662f\u810a\u7d22\u52d5\u7269\u4e2d\u6700\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u6709\u982d\u9aa8\u985e\u7fa4\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5916\u90e8\u5f62\u614b\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u8981\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f5c\u70ba\u5206\u985e\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u96e3\u5ea6\u9817\u9ad8\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u5b78\u8005\u5229\u7528\u57fa\u56e0\u5e8f\u5217\u8cc7\u8a0a\u9032\u884c\u76f2\u9c3b\u5206\u985e\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u96d6\u6709\u4e9b\u8a31\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5176\u5177\u6709\u5206\u985e\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u9ad4\u5167\u5f62\u614b\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u4ecd\u6709\u5f85\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u672c\u8b1b\u6b21\u4ecb\u7d39\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7d93\u638c\u63e1\u4f4f\u7684\u5e7e\u7a2e\u76f2\u9cd7\u5206\u985e\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53f0\u7063\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u5176\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u76f2\u9cd7\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\u9451\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u7269\u7a2e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u89aa\u7de3\u95dc\u4fc2\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8b1b\u5e2b\uff1a\u83ab\u986f\u854e\uff5c\u4e2d\u5c71\u5927\u5b78\u6d77\u6d0b\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb\u69ae\u8b7d\u6559\u6388<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u76f2\u9cd7\u9867\u540d\u601d\u7fa9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\u7684\u9cd7\u9b5a\u3002\u7260\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8af8\u5982\u6676\u9ad4\u3001\u8679\u819c\u548c\u773c\u808c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8207\u810a\u690e\u52d5\u7269\u773c\u775b\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u69cb\u9020\uff0c\u96d6\u6709\u810a\u7d22\u537b\u53ea\u6709\u8edf\u9aa8\u800c\u7121\u786c\u9aa8\uff0c\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u982d\u84cb\u9aa8\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u4e0a\u4e0b\u984e\u3002\u76f2\u9cd7\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u5247\u662f\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u9ecf\u6db2\u56ca\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u81f3\u591a\u5c0d\u7684\u9f3b\u5b54\uff0c\u9f3b\u7ba1\u672b\u7aef\u532f\u5165\u6d88\u5316\u9053\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u76ae\u54bd\u5b54\u3001\u591a\u500b\u9c13\u56ca\u548c\u9c13\u7ba1\u5916\u5b54\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f2\u9cd7\u7684\u5206\u985e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u8179\u90e8\u9c13\u5b54\u6578\u76ee\uff0c\u76ae\u54bd\u5b54\u8207\u9c13\u5b54\u662f\u5426\u5206\u958b\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u8179\u5074\u9c2d\u8936\uff0c\u81c0\u9c2d\u5411\u524d\u5ef6\u4f38\u662f\u5426\u8d85\u8d8a\u9c13\u5b54\u524d\u7de3\uff0c\u9019\u5e7e\u500b\u7279\u5fb5\u4f86\u5340\u5206\u3002\u8179\u90e8\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5c0d\u9c13\u5b54\u7684\uff0c\u5c6c\u65bc\u76f2\u9cd7\u4e9e\u79d1 (Myxine) \uff0c\u6709 5 \u5230 16 \u5c0d\u9c13\u5b54\u7684\u5c6c\u65bc\u9ecf\u76f2\u9cd7\u4e9e\u79d1\u7684\u9ecf\u76f2\u9cd7\u5c6c (Eptatretus) \uff1b\u76ae\u54bd\u5b54\u8207\u9c13\u5b54\u5206\u958b\u7684\u662f\u80cc\u76f2\u9cd7 (Notomyxine) \uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8179\u5074\u9c2d\u8936\u7684\u662f\u7dda\u76f2\u9cd7 (Namatomyxine) \uff0c\u81c0\u9c2d\u5411\u524d\u5ef6\u4f38\u8d85\u8d8a\u9c13\u5b54\u524d\u7de3\u7684\u5247\u662f\u65b0\u76f2\u9cd7 (Neomyxine) \u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u53f0\u7063\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u76f2\u9cd7\u7279\u6709\u7a2e\uff0c\u9ecf\u76f2\u9cd7\u5c6c\u6709\u4e2d\u83ef\u9ecf\u76f2\u9cd7 (Eptatretus chinesis) \u4ee5\u53ca\u7d05\u5c3e\u9ecf\u76f2\u9cd7 (Eptatretus rudicundus) \uff1b\u6e96\u76f2\u9cd7\u5c6c\u6709\u8cbb\u6c0f\u6e96\u76f2\u9cd7 (Paramyxine fernholmi) \u3001\u7d10\u6c0f\u6e96\u76f2\u9cd7 (Paramyxine nelsoni) \u3001\u6c88\u6c0f\u6e96\u76f2\u9cd7 (Paramyxine sheni) \u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u61f7\u6c0f\u6e96\u76f2\u9cd7 (Paramyxine wisneri) \uff1b\u76f2\u9cd7\u5c6c\u5247\u6709\u798f\u723e\u6469\u6c99\u76f2\u9cd7 (Myxine formosana) \u4ee5\u53ca\u90ed\u6c0f\u76f2\u9cd7 (Myxine kuoi) \u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9f3b\u7ba1\u7684\u4e73\u7a81\u6578\u76ee\uff0c\u662f\u5206\u985e\u76f2\u9cd7\u5f88\u597d\u7528\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9ecf\u76f2\u9cd7\u9f3b\u7ba1\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u5c0d\u4e73\u7a81\uff0c\u76f2\u9cd7\u4e9e\u79d1\u5247\u5927\u591a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4e73\u7a81\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4e5f\u6709\u4f8b\u5916\uff1a\u6709\u56db\u500b\u76f2\u9cd7\u4e9e\u79d1\u7269\u7a2e\u7684\u9f3b\u7ba1\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4e73\u7a81\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u6709\u5169\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\u5247\u662f\u6709\u524d\u5f8c\u5169\u5c0d\u4e73\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f2\u9cd7\u8179\u5927\u52d5\u8108\u7684\u5206\u652f\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u63a2\u7a76\u76f2\u9cd7\u5206\u985e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5fb5\u3002\u76f2\u9cd7\u4e9e\u79d1\u7684\u8179\u5927\u52d5\u8108\u6c92\u6709\u5206\u652f\uff1b\u9ecf\u76f2\u9cd7\u4e9e\u79d1\u9664\u4e86\u7d05\u5c3e\u9ecf\u76f2\u9cd7\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8179\u5927\u52d5\u8108\u90fd\u6703\u5728\u62b5\u9054\u7b2c\u4e00\u9c13\u56ca\u524d\uff0c\u5206\u70ba\u5de6\u53f3\u5169\u5206\u652f\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u898b\u7d05\u5c3e\u9ecf\u76f2\u9cd7\u96d6\u7136\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u65bc\u9ecf\u76f2\u9cd7\u4e9e\u79d1\uff0c\u4f46\u7260\u8207\u76f2\u9cd7\u4e9e\u79d1\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u7a2e\u985e\u7684\u9ecf\u76f2\u9cd7\u66f4\u70ba\u63a5\u8fd1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f9e\u9019\u5e7e\u500b\u76f2\u9cd7\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u8457\u773c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u6e2c\u76f2\u9cd7\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7956\u5148\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u8f03\u6dfa\u7684\u6c34\u57df\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u500b\u805a\u96c6\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u9c13\u5b54\uff0c\u9f3b\u7ba1\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5c0d\u4e73\u7a81\uff0c\u9f3b\u7ba1\u6700\u524d\u65b9\u7684\u9aa8\u7247\u6709\u4e00\u5c0d\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u5b54\uff0c\u8179\u5927\u52d5\u8108\u6709\u5206\u652f\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u5df2\u898b\u4e0d\u8457\u76f2\u9cd7\u7684\u5148\u7956\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5f9e\u7260\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u958b\u679d\u6563\u8449\u7684\u5404\u985e\u76f2\u9cd7\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f9d\u7a00\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u63a8\u6572\u51fa\u7260\u7684\u6a23\u8c8c\uff0c\u9019\u6b63\u662f\u751f\u7269\u5206\u985e\u5b78\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u6de1\u6c34\u8766\u7a2e\uff0c\u4ee5\u5177\u6709\u5169\u96bb\u660e\u986f\u7684\u9577\u81c2\u5927\u87af\uff0c\u666e\u904d\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u6cb3\u5ddd\u3001\u6c34\u5eab\u3001\u6c60\u5858\u3001\u5c71\u6f97\u7684\u6cbc\u8766\u5c6c\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u7576\u5c6c\u4eba\u5011\u719f\u77e5\u7684\u6cf0\u570b\u8766\u3002\u7136\u800c\u9019\u500b\u5b78\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u7f85\u6c0f\u6cbc\u8766\u300d\u7684\u6cf0\u570b\u8766\uff0c\u537b\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u5206\u985e\u66f4\u540d\u53f2\u3002<br 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