{"id":34943,"date":"2020-02-12T00:03:21","date_gmt":"2020-02-11T16:03:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=34943"},"modified":"2020-03-02T10:01:44","modified_gmt":"2020-03-02T02:01:44","slug":"%e7%b9%ad%e5%b1%85%e6%97%8f%e7%9a%84%e7%84%a6%e6%85%ae%ef%bc%9a%e3%80%8c%e6%88%91%e5%8d%b3%e4%bd%bf%e5%8a%aa%e5%8a%9b%e4%ba%86%ef%bc%8c%e4%b9%9f%e5%8f%aa%e6%9c%83%e6%83%b9%e4%ba%ba%e8%a8%8e%e5%8e%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=34943","title":{"rendered":"\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf\u7684\u7126\u616e\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5373\u4f7f\u52aa\u529b\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ea\u6703\u60f9\u4eba\u8a0e\u53ad\u800c\u5df2\u5427\u300d"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aunsplash.com @rhett_noonan<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u6587\uff0f\u5468\u739f\u8431<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u300c\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf (\u5f15\u304d\u3053\u3082\u308a)\u300d\u9019\u500b\u8a5e\u6e90\u81ea\u65e5\u6587\uff0c\u6307\u5f97\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6975\u5ea6\u5f9e\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u9000\u7e2e(Social withdrawal)\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u578b\u614b\u3002\u6839\u64da\u65e5\u672c\u539a\u751f\u52de\u52d5\u7701(Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare)\u6240\u8ce6\u4e88\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u6210\u70ba\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u5099\u4ee5\u4e0b5\u9805\u689d\u4ef6\uff1a(1)\u9577\u671f\u5f85\u5728\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff1b(2)\u7121\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u793e\u4ea4\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u4e0a\u5b78\u6216\u4e0a\u73ed\uff1b(3)\u4fdd\u6301\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u72c0\u614b\u9577\u90546\u500b\u6708\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff1b(4)\u6c92\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u4e2d\u7b49\u81f4\u56b4\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u969c\u7919(Mental Retardation)\uff1b(5)\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u89aa\u8fd1\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u591a\u6578\u7684\u7e6d\u5c45\u8005\u5c0d\u65bc\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u884c\u70ba\u90fd\u611f\u5230\u76f8\u7576\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8ca0\u8cac\u7167\u9867\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u4e5f\u8981\u627f\u64d4\u8a31\u591a\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u96e3\u4ee5\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u8ca0\u64d4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c08\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5e7e\u500b\u7591\u554f\uff1a\u662f\u54ea\u4e9b\u4eba\u6bd4\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u7e6d\u5c45\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u72c0\u614b\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u793e\u6703\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6703\u6709\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff1f\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u53ef\u4ee5\u600e\u9ebc\u505a\uff0c\u4f86\u5e6b\u52a9\u9019\u4e9b\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf\u300c\u7834\u7e6d\u300d\u91cd\u7372\u65b0\u751f\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u904e\u5206\u6c89\u8ff7\u7db2\u8def\u5f15\u767c\u9000\u7e2e\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b78\u8005Tateno\u7b49\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u904e\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5df2\u6f38\u6f38\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c2016\u5e74\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u6709\u5c07\u8fd1176,000\u540d\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u6210\u70ba\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf\uff0c\u53e6\u5916541,000\u4eba\u5247\u662f\u300c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5177\u6709\u6210\u70ba\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0cTaneto\u7b49\u4eba\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf\u4e26\u975e\u5b8c\u5168\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u5f9e\u793e\u4ea4\u5708\u4e2d\u9694\u96e2\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8ddf\u300c\u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u4e92\u52d5\u300d\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u66f4\u52a0\u4ef0\u8cf4\u300c\u7db2\u8def\u4ea4\u53cb\u300d\u7b49\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c08\u5bb6\u80fd\u5920\u85c9\u7531\u627e\u51fa\u300c\u7db2\u8def\u6210\u766e\u8005\u300d\u4e26\u4e14\u53ca\u6642\u5b89\u6392\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7642(Early intervention)\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u80fd\u5920\u9632\u6b62\u4ed6\u5011\u672a\u4f86\u6210\u70ba\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf(Tateno., et al., 2019)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u4f86\u81ea\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u9670\u5f71\uff1a\u751f\u6027\u5bb3\u7f9e\u53c8\u63a5\u9023\u78b0\u4e0a\u5931\u6557\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u9ad4\u9a57<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u770b\u898b\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u300c\u85cf\u300d\u5728\u623f\u9593\u88e1\u9762\u7684\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf\uff0c\u4e00\u5929\u4e2d\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7684\u6642\u9593\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u4e0d\u505c\u7684\u4e0a\u7db2\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u8b8a\u6210\u9019\u6a23\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7406\u7531\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u9078\u64c7\u9019\u7a2e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u56de\u6eaf\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf\u7684\u7ae5\u5e74\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aAlexander Krieg\u7b49\u4eba\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u9577\u671f\u906d\u5230\u540c\u5115\u62d2\u7d55\u3001\u4e0d\u826f\u7684\u89aa\u5b50\u4e92\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bb3\u7f9e(shyness)\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9020\u6210\u7e6d\u5c45\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n

Krieg\u7b49\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u8b8a\u9805\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u662f\u9019\u6a23\uff1a\u5e7c\u7ae5\u9577\u671f\u906d\u5230\u7236\u6bcd\u62d2\u7d55(Rejection)\u52a0\u4e0a\u6027\u683c\u5167\u5411\u5bb3\u7f9e\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5f62\u6210\u300c\u77db\u76fe\u578b\u4f9d\u9644(Ambivalent attachment)\u300d\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4f9d\u9644\u95dc\u4fc2\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u5e7c\u7ae5\u5c0d\u65bc\u4eba\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u53c8\u9700\u8981\u3001\u4f46\u540c\u6642\u53c8\u5bb3\u6015\u300d\u7684\u611f\u89ba\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u77e5\u6240\u63aa\u7684\u5fc3\u614b\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u9032\u5165\u9752\u6625\u671f\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u96e3\u4ee5\u7528\u5408\u9069\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u4f86\u56e0\u61c9\u793e\u4ea4\u60c5\u5883\uff0c\u76f8\u5c0d\u4f86\u8aaa\u53c8\u6703\u5f15\u767c\u66f4\u591a\u540c\u5115\u7684\u62d2\u7d55\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u7e6d\u5c45\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u5c01\u9589\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u6295\u5c04\u6e2c\u9a57\uff1a\u627e\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u8207\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u7279\u8cea<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f85\u590f\u514b\u58a8\u6f2c\u6e2c\u9a57(Rorschach Inkblot Test)\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6295\u5c04\u6e2c\u9a57\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u5716\u7247\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5716\u7247\u662f\u9ed1\u767d\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5247\u662f\u5f69\u8272\u7684\uff0c\u81e8\u5e8a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u6703\u8a62\u554f\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u300c\u4ed6\u5011\u770b\u898b\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u85c9\u7531\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u4f86\u63a8\u6e2c\u4ed6\u5011\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6216\u662f\u7cbe\u795e\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u4e0d\u50cf\u81ea\u9673\u91cf\u8868\u6216\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u8861\u9451\u6664\u8ac7\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u6587\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u5c31\u731c\u51fa\u81e8\u5e8a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u73fe\u5728\u60f3\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u6703\u5728\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89ba\u9593\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u4ed6\u5011\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u9019\u975e\u5e38\u9069\u5408\u7528\u65bc\u9632\u5099\u5fc3\u9ad8\u7684\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u70ba\u4e86\u77ad\u89e3\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf\u8ddf\u4e00\u822c\u6c11\u773e\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u7279\u8cea\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5dee\u5225\uff0cKatsuki\u7b49\u4eba\u9080\u8acb\u4e8622\u540d\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf\u4ee5\u53ca18\u500b\u6b63\u5e38\u4eba\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u6e2c\u9a57\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u7f85\u4e0b\u8ab2\u672b\u5b57\u6e2c\u9a57\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u7e6d\u5c45\u8005\u6709\u5e7e\u9805\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u660e\u986f\u6bd4\u6b63\u5e38\u4eba\u9084\u8981\u56b4\u91cd\uff1a\u8ff4\u907f\u4eba\u683c(Avoidant Personality)\u3001\u88ab\u52d5\u653b\u64ca(Passive aggressive)\u3001\u6182\u9b31\u4eba\u683c(Depressive personality)\u3001\u5984\u60f3\u578b\u4eba\u683c(Paranoid personality)\u3001\u985e\u5206\u88c2\u578b\u4eba\u683c(schizoid personality)\u3001\u5206\u88c2\u578b\u4eba\u683c(schizotypal personality)\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u6200\u578b\u4eba\u683c(narcissistic personality)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u7834\u7e6d\u91cd\u751f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u81e8\u5e8a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5c0d\u65bc\u600e\u9ebc\u6539\u5584\u300c\u7e6d\u5c45\u300d\u8ddf\u5176\u4ed6\u578b\u614b\u7684\u300c\u793e\u6703\u9000\u7e2e\u300d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u62d2\u5b78(School refusal)\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6709\u5fc3\u7406\u5e2b\u63a8\u85a6\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u75c5\u60a3\uff0c\u8ddf\u5bb6\u4eba\u4e00\u9285\u53c3\u52a0\u300c\u5bb6\u65cf\u6cbb\u7642(Family therapy)\u300d\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u85c9\u7531\u6539\u5584\u4e0d\u826f\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e92\u52d5\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8b93\u7e6d\u5c45\u8005\u9858\u610f\u8e0f\u51fa\u4eba\u969b\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1b\u4e5f\u6709\u5fc3\u7406\u5e2b\u9078\u64c7\u4f7f\u7528\u8a8d\u77e5\u884c\u70ba\u6cbb\u7642\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5e6b\u7e6d\u5c45\u8005\u9032\u884c\u793e\u4ea4\u6280\u5de7\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u5148\u77ad\u89e3\u9020\u6210\u500b\u6848\u7e6d\u5c45\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u9069\u5408\u7576\u4e8b\u4eba\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Andrea Pozza., Anna Coluccia., Takahiro Kato., Marco Gaetani & Fabio Ferretti., The \u2018Hikikomori\u2019 syndrome: worldwide prevalence and co-occurring major psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol., BMJ Open., 2018<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Masaru Tateno., Alan R. Teo., Wataru Ukai., Junichiro Kanazawa., Ryoko Katsuki., Hiroaki Kubo., & Takahiro A. Kato., nternet Addiction, Smartphone Addiction, and Hikikomori Trait in Japanese Young Adult: Social Isolation and Social Network., frontiers in Psychiatry., 2019<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Krieg, A. and J. R. Dickie (2013). \"Attachment and hikikomori: a psychosocial developmental model.\" Int J Soc Psychiatry 59(1): 61-72.<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. Katsuki, R., et al. (2019). \"Clarifying Deeper Psychological Characteristics of Hikikomori Using the Rorschach Comprehensive System: A Pilot Case-Control Study.\" Front Psychiatry 10: 412.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u591a\u6578\u7684\u7e6d\u5c45\u8005\u5c0d\u65bc\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u884c\u70ba\u90fd\u611f\u5230\u76f8\u7576\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8ca0\u8cac\u7167\u9867\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u4e5f\u8981\u627f\u64d4\u8a31\u591a\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u96e3\u4ee5\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u8ca0\u64d4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c08\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5e7e\u500b\u7591\u554f\uff1a\u662f\u54ea\u4e9b\u4eba\u6bd4\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u7e6d\u5c45\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u72c0\u614b\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u793e\u6703\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6703\u6709\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff1f\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u53ef\u4ee5\u600e\u9ebc\u505a\uff0c\u4f86\u5e6b\u52a9\u9019\u4e9b\u7e6d\u5c45\u65cf\u300c\u7834\u7e6d\u300d\u91cd\u7372\u65b0\u751f\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":34944,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[257,3293,2977],"tags":[4527,4526,4525,4524],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/0204-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34943"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=34943"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34943\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":34977,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34943\/revisions\/34977"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/34944"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=34943"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=34943"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=34943"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}