{"id":34827,"date":"2020-01-15T00:48:53","date_gmt":"2020-01-14T16:48:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=34827"},"modified":"2020-01-10T10:44:27","modified_gmt":"2020-01-10T02:44:27","slug":"%e8%99%95%e6%96%b9%e8%97%a5%e7%9a%84%e6%bf%ab%e7%94%a8%e5%8d%b1%e6%a9%9f%ef%bc%9a%e9%b4%89%e7%89%87%e9%a1%9e%e8%97%a5%e7%89%a9%e6%88%90%e7%99%ae%e8%88%87%e5%a4%a7%e8%85%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=34827","title":{"rendered":"\u8655\u65b9\u85e5\u7684\u6feb\u7528\u5371\u6a5f\uff1a\u9d09\u7247\u985e\u85e5\u7269\u6210\u766e\u8207\u5927\u8166"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
\u5716\u8aaa\uff1a\u7f4c\u7c9f\u82b1\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aUnsplash<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u5468\u739f\u8431<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9d09\u7247\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f9e\u7f4c\u7c9f(Papaver somniferum\uff1bPoppy flower)\u88e1\u9762\u8403\u53d6\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u5b83\u66fe\u7d93\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u300c\u6642\u5c1a\u300d\u3001\u53d7\u4eba\u6b61\u8fce\u7684\u6bd2\u54c1\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u53e3\u6162\u6162\u8b8a\u5c11\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u570b\u5bb6\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u6700\u8fd1\u53c8\u958b\u59cb\u767c\u73fe\u9d09\u7247\u4e2d\u6bd2\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64Mart\u00ednez\u8207Ballesteros\u5229\u7528\u6587\u737b\u56de\u9867\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6253\u7b97\u627e\u51fa\u539f\u56e0(Martinez and Ballesteros 2019)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f8c\u4f86\u4ed6\u5011\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u9d09\u7247\u4e2d\u6bd2\u518d\u5ea6\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u7406\u7531\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b78\u985e\u6210\u4e94\u7a2e\uff1a<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1. \u5728\u5438\u98df\u5176\u4ed6\u6bd2\u54c1\u6642\uff0c\u300c\u610f\u5916\u300d\u5c07\u542b\u6709\u9d09\u7247\u985e\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u670d\u4e0b\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u6253\u7b97\u5c07\u9d09\u7247\u985e\u85e5\u7269\u4f5c\u70ba\u6d77\u6d1b\u82f1\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u662f\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u9752\u58ef\u5e74\u7537\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u6709\u4e9b\u9577\u8f29\u8207\u5b69\u7ae5\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u89f8\u6c11\u4fd7\u7642\u6cd5\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8aa4\u7528\u4e86\u9d09\u7247\u985e\u85e5\u7269\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u7522\u751f\u4f9d\u8cf4\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u66fe\u7d93\u6709\u6848\u4f8b\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5c07\u56e0\u7d20\u7a2e\u5b50\u7576\u6210\u98df\u7269\u3001\u8abf\u5473\u6599\u5403\u4e0b\u809a\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e2d\u6bd2\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u5728\u904b\u6bd2\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9d09\u7247\u6bd2\u5305\u7834\u88c2\u4f7f\u7576\u4e8b\u4eba\u4e2d\u6bd2\u3002<\/p>\n

5. \u5c11\u90e8\u5206\u500b\u6848\u6703\u523b\u610f\u670d\u7528\u9d09\u7247\u81ea\u6bba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\u9d09\u7247(Opiods)\u4e5f\u7b97\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u795e\u7d93\u6d3b\u6027\u85e5\u7269(psychoactive)\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u4e2d\u6bd2\u6848\u4f8b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5b78\u8005\u5011\u4e5f\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u6c11\u773e\u5728\u7d93\u904e\u67d0\u4e9b\u91ab\u7642\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee5\u53ca\u670d\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u5e7e\u7a2e\u6210\u85e5\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c0d\u9d09\u7247\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u4f9d\u8cf4\u75c7\u72c0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u904e\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u4ee3\u50f9<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662fJian-Neng Li\u7b49\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u95dc\u65bc\u9d09\u7247\u5c0d\u8166\u90e8\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6578\u91cf\u8f03\u5c11\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5011\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4ee5\u300c\u8cea\u5b50\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u9020\u5f71(Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy)\u300d\u4f86\u77ad\u89e3\u9d09\u7247\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u8207\u03b3-\u80fa\u57fa\u4e01\u9178(\u03b3-Aminobutyric acid\uff1b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c21\u7a31GABA)\u3001\u9ea9\u80fa\u9178(Glutamate)\u4ee5\u53ca\u524d\u984d\u8449(Prefrontal cortex)\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u904e\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u9d09\u7247\u5c0d\u65bc\u8a8d\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\u5e02\u9762\u4e0a\u6709\u4e9b\u8655\u65b9\u7528\u85e5\u542b\u6709\u9d09\u7247\u7684\u6210\u5206(Prescripted opiods)\uff0c\u8d85\u91cf\u7684\u4f7f\u7528(Excessive use)\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6216\u662f\u6210\u766e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6839\u64da\u904e\u53bb\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u6703\u4f7f\u5f97\u57f7\u884c\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u8a8d\u77e5\u3001\u60c5\u7dd2\u3001\u916c\u8cde\u7cfb\u7d71\u4ee5\u53ca\u885d\u52d5\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u800c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6210\u766e\u6642\uff0cGABA\u8207\u9ea9\u80fa\u9178\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u5c0e\u7269\u8cea\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u90fd\u6709\u8abf\u63a7(Regulate)\u916c\u8cde\u7cfb\u7d71(Reward system)\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u524d\u984d\u8449\u4e5f\u662f\u9019\u500b\u8def\u5f91\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u524d\u984d\u8449\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u885d\u52d5\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u597d\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8ddfGABA\u3001\u9ea9\u80fa\u9178\u7b49\u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u5c0e\u7269\u8cea\u600e\u9ebc\u8abf\u63a7\u9019\u6574\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u662f\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684(Li, Liu et al. 2019)\u3002<\/p>\n

Jian-Neng Li\u7b49\u4eba\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u885d\u52d5\u8ddf\u8a8d\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u6e1b\u640d\uff0c\u8ddf\u524d\u984d\u8449GABA\u6fc3\u5ea6\u504f\u4f4e\u3001\u9ea9\u80fa\u9178\u6fc3\u5ea6\u904e\u9ad8\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5011\u627e\u4f8635\u500b\u5c0d\u300c\u53ef\u5f85\u56e0\u611f\u5192\u7cd6\u6f3f(Codeine-containing cough syrup)\u300d\u7522\u751f\u4f9d\u8cf4\u7684\u75c5\u60a3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca35\u500b\u8eab\u9ad4\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u4f86\u53c3\u8207\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5148\u8acb\u4ed6\u5011\u5b8c\u6210\u5e7e\u7a2e\u795e\u7d93\u5fc3\u7406\u6e2c\u9a57\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5df4\u6c0f\u885d\u52d5\u91cf\u8868(Barratt Impulsiveness Scale))\u8207\u8499\u7279\u5229\u723e\u8a8d\u77e5\u8a55\u4f30(Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale)\uff0c\u4ee5\u77ad\u89e3\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u8996\u89ba\u7a7a\u9593\u8fa8\u8b58\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u5b9a\u5411\u611f\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u885d\u52d5\u884c\u70ba\u7b49\u3002\u63a5\u8457\u9032\u884c\u8cea\u5b50\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u9020\u5f71\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5c0d\u53ef\u5f85\u56e0\u611f\u5192\u7cd6\u6f3f\u7522\u751f\u4f9d\u8cf4\u7684\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\uff0c\u300c\u5dd4\u5cf0\u671f(Peak level)\u300d\u7684\u524d\u984d\u8449GABA\u6fc3\u5ea6\u660e\u986f\u6bd4\u6b63\u5e38\u4eba\u660e\u986f\u5c11\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662fGlutamate\u6fc3\u5ea6\u6bd4\u6b63\u5e38\u4eba\u9ad8\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u5df4\u6c0f\u885d\u52d5\u91cf\u8868\u4e0a\u7684\u5f97\u5206\u6bd4\u6b63\u5e38\u4eba\u9ad8\uff0c\u5728\u8499\u7279\u5229\u723e\u8a8d\u77e5\u8a55\u4f30\u7684\u5f97\u5206\u5247\u662f\u6bd4\u6b63\u5e38\u4eba\u4f4e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u539f\u672c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5047\u8a2d\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5148\u524d\u6709\u52d5\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u766e\u7269\u8cea\u5982\uff1a\u5c3c\u53e4\u4e01(Nicotine)\u8207\u53e4\u67ef\u9e7c(Cocaine)\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u4e5f\u6703\u523a\u6fc0\u524d\u984d\u8449\u7684\u9ea9\u80fa\u9178\u5206\u6ccc\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u8b8a\u5dee\uff0c\u8ddfJian-Neng Li\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u9d09\u7247\u985e\u85e5\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u76f8\u7576\u985e\u4f3c\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u6587\u737b\u53c3\u8003\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Li, J. N., et al. (2019). \"Prefrontal GABA and glutamate levels correlate with impulsivity and cognitive function of prescription opioid addicts: A (1) H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.\" Psychiatry Clin Neurosci.<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Martinez, M. A. and S. Ballesteros (2019). \"Opium poisoning in modern times. An overview.\" Forensic Sci Int <\/a>302<\/strong><\/a>: 109848.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u9d09\u7247\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f9e\u7f4c\u7c9f(Papaver somniferum\uff1bPoppy flower)\u88e1\u9762\u8403\u53d6\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u5b83\u66fe\u7d93\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u300c\u6642\u5c1a\u300d\u3001\u53d7\u4eba\u6b61\u8fce\u7684\u6bd2\u54c1\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u53e3\u6162\u6162\u8b8a\u5c11\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u570b\u5bb6\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u6700\u8fd1\u53c8\u958b\u59cb\u767c\u73fe\u9d09\u7247\u4e2d\u6bd2\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64Mart\u00ednez\u8207Ballesteros\u5229\u7528\u6587\u737b\u56de\u9867\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6253\u7b97\u627e\u51fa\u539f\u56e0(Martinez and Ballesteros 2019)\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":34835,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[257,3293],"tags":[2058,4506,4508,4505,4507],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/photo-1444930694458-01babf71870c.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34827"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=34827"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34827\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":34838,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34827\/revisions\/34838"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/34835"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=34827"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=34827"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=34827"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}