{"id":34648,"date":"2019-11-22T00:12:34","date_gmt":"2019-11-21T16:12:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=34648"},"modified":"2019-12-06T15:04:58","modified_gmt":"2019-12-06T07:04:58","slug":"%e3%80%90%e4%ba%ba%e7%89%a9%e5%b0%88%e8%a8%aa%e3%80%91%e8%bf%8e%e6%8e%a5%e8%a8%88%e7%ae%97%e8%80%8c%e4%be%86%e7%9a%84%e6%8c%91%e6%88%b0-%e5%b0%88%e8%a8%aa%e8%91%a3%e4%b8%96%e5%b9%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=34648","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u4eba\u7269\u5c08\u8a2a\u3011\u8fce\u63a5\u8a08\u7b97\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u6311\u6230\u2014\u2014\u5c08\u8a2a\u8463\u4e16\u5e73"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf12\/7 \u8463\u4e16\u5e73\u8001\u5e2b\u4e3b\u8b1b\uff1a\u300c\u53ef\u7b97\uff1f\u4e0d\u53ef\u7b97\uff1f\u9019\u662f\u500b\u96fb\u8166\u554f\u984c\u300d<a href=\"http:\/\/caseregister.ntu.edu.tw\/ntucaseweb\/pages\/searchDetail.jsp?datatype=2&amp;id=C1201910&amp;detNo=C120191008&amp;searchType=1&amp;word=&amp;classType=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u9ede\u6b64\u5831\u540d<\/a>\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-34666\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/22-8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/22-8.jpg 490w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/22-8-300x208.jpg 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/22-8-392x272.jpg 392w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/22-8-130x90.jpg 130w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/>\u63a1\u8a2a\u3001\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u8449\u73ca\u7440<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u96fb\u8166\u9769\u65b0\u4e86\u7576\u4ee3\u793e\u6703\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u770b\u4f3c\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u6240\u6709\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u4f46\u9762\u5c0d\u8a08\u7b97\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9084\u9700\u6578\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8207\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u8463\u4e16\u5e73\u6559\u6388\u7814\u7a76\u6578\u8ad6\u8207\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u5f9e\u8a0e\u8ad6\u53ef\u7b97\u4e0d\u53ef\u7b97\u3001\u53ef\u884c\u975e\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u8207\u89c0\u773e\u5206\u4eab\u7576\u4ee3\u8a08\u7b97\u554f\u984c\u7684\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u5a13\u5a13\u9053\u4f86\u6578\u5b78\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u611f\u609f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u96fb\u8166\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u6240\u6709\u554f\u984c\u55ce\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u96fb\u8166\u770b\u4f3c\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u6240\u6709\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f46\u771f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u55ce\uff1f\u8463\u6559\u6388\u8aaa\uff0c\u8981\u8ac7\u96fb\u8166\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u8ac7\u5230\u6578\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u9650\u6642\u9593\u3001\u5bb9\u91cf\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u7a31\u70ba\u53ef\u7b97\u554f\u984c (computable)\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u73fe\u5be6\u4e2d\u53d7\u9650\u65bc\u6642\u9593\u8207\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u8a08\u7b97\u79d1\u5b78\u4e2d\u7a31\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u591a\u9805\u5f0f\u6642\u9593\u5167\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u8005\u70baP\uff0c\u4ea6\u8996\u9019\u985e\u554f\u984c\u70ba\u53ef\u884c\u554f\u984c(feasible)\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u985e\u554f\u984c\u70baNP\uff0cP\u5305\u542b\u5728NP\u5167\uff0c\u9019\u985e\u554f\u984c\u76ee\u524d\u50c5\u77e5\u5728\u6307\u6578\u589e\u9577\u6642\u9593\u5167\u53ef\u89e3\u6c7a\u3002\u91dd\u5c0d\u6307\u6578\u589e\u9577\u6642\u9593\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u96fb\u8166\u6bcf\u589e\u52a0\u4e861000\u500d\u8a08\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u80fd\u591a\u89e3\u7b54\u7684\u554f\u984c\u50c5\u591a\u4e86\u500b\u4f4d\u6578\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u96fb\u8166\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u8655\u7406\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u65b7\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u5c1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u6b64\u985e\u554f\u984c\u3002\u89e3\u6c7a\u6700\u5148\u9032\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u9700\u8981\u6578\u5b78\u3002\u300cP\u7b49\u4e0d\u7b49\u65bcNP\u300d\u554f\u984c\u73fe\u4ecd\u672a\u89e3\u6c7a\uff0c\u82e5\u80fd\u8b49\u660e\u5728\u4e0a\u5343\u500bNP\u5b8c\u5099\u554f\u984c\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u5728P\u4e2d\uff0c\u5247\u7b49\u865f\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebcNP\u554f\u984c\u7686\u6210\u70ba\u53ef\u884c\u554f\u984c\u3002\u9019\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u6578\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u5728\u5be6\u52d9\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u83ab\u5927\u52a9\u76ca\u3002\u8463\u6559\u6388\u7b11\u8457\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31CASE\u89c0\u773e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u5c07\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u89e3\u7b54\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u5462\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u6578\u5b78\u4e5f\u80fd\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\uff1f\u5f9e\u885d\u5802\u8003\u554f\u984c\u958b\u59cb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6559\u6388\u88ab\u554f\u53ca\u9019\u4e9b\u6578\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u662f\u5426\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u751f\u6d3b\u904e\uff0c\u4ed6\u96a8\u5373\u60f3\u5230\u904e\u53bb\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u5b78\u751f\u524d\u4f86\u627e\u4ed6\u7684\u90a3\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u5728\u4e2d\u539f\u5927\u5b78\u4efb\u6559\u6642\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u671f\u4e2d\u3001\u671f\u672b\u8003\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u7d71\u4e00\u6392\u8003\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u5b78\u6821\u898f\u6a21\u8b8a\u5927\u3001\u5b78\u751f\u4eba\u6578\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u6392\u8003\u6f38\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\uff0c\u4e14\u885d\u5802\u8003\u6578\u91cf\u6025\u901f\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u7576\u6642\u8001\u5e2b\u5728\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u6559\u904e\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u53d7\u5b78\u6821\u59d4\u8a17\uff0c\u8a2d\u8a08\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5354\u52a9\u5b78\u6821\u7528\u96fb\u8166\u89e3\u6c7a\u6392\u8003\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4fbf\u524d\u53bb\u8a62\u554f\u8001\u5e2b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u5f9e\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u82e5\u8981\u6c42\u6700\u4f73\u89e3\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u53ef\u884c\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a2d\u8a08\u6642\u662f\u5c0b\u6c42\u5728\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u6642\u9593\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u300cNP\u5b8c\u5099\u6027\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u5f9e\u5be6\u969b\u554f\u984c\u51fa\u767c\u7684\u3002\u300d\u8463\u6559\u6388\u900f\u904e\u751f\u6d3b\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u66f4\u5177\u9ad4\u5f70\u986f\u6578\u5b78\u8207\u5be6\u52d9\u554f\u984c\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u6c42\u77e5\u7684\u5fc3\u5f15\u5c0e\u6578\u5b78\u4e4b\u8def<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8463\u6559\u6388\u7562\u696d\u65bc\u4e2d\u8208\u5927\u5b78\u61c9\u7528\u6578\u5b78\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u7d14\u6578\u5b78\u66f4\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u3002\u5c0d\u4ed6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6578\u5b78\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u6839\u57fa\uff0c\u908f\u8f2f\u53c8\u662f\u6578\u5b78\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u3002\u5728\u6e05\u83ef\u6578\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7562\u696d\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u70ba\u4e86\u947d\u7814\u908f\u8f2f\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u7f8e\u570b\u4f0a\u5229\u8afe\u5927\u5b78\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6578\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u8001\u5e2b\u5c31\u6709120\u540d\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u8a2a\u554f\u5b78\u8005\u7d04\u6709150\u540d\uff0c\u5c0d\u4ed6\u800c\u8a00\u9707\u64bc\u9817\u6df1\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u74b0\u5883\u8b93\u4ed6\u5728\u6578\u5b78\u9818\u57df\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u4e0a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5730\u63a5\u89f8\u4e0d\u540c\u5c64\u9762\u3002\u5728\u6c42\u5b78\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u624d\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u53ea\u662f\u908f\u8f2f\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u89d2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u89e3\u6c7a\u908f\u8f2f\u554f\u984c\u4e2d\uff0c\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u6578\u8ad6\u4e0a\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u539f\u4f86\u671f\u671b\u900f\u904e\u5176\u4ed6\u5b78\u8005\u89e3\u7b54\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u5c1a\u672a\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5f8c\u4f86\u4e5f\u6295\u8eab\u7814\u7a76\u6578\u8ad6\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u9019\u9580\u5fd7\u696d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8463\u6559\u6388\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u4ee5\u53ca\u5805\u6301\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6240\u505a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5927\u591a\u662f\u4ed6\u4eba\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u7b54\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u4ee5\u70ba\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u5c31\u6709\u8aa4\u3002\u82e5\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u5728\u6559\u6388\u770b\u4f86\u662f\u5e78\u904b\u7684\uff0c\u6700\u9ebb\u7169\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u77e5\u662f\u5c0d\u662f\u932f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\u7684\u74f6\u9838\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6559\u6388\u7684\u535a\u73ed\u6307\u5c0e\u8001\u5e2b\u66fe\u5411\u4ed6\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u770b\u904e\u5f88\u591a\u6578\u5b78\u5929\u624d\uff0c\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u60f3\u8981\u89e3\u6c7a\u96e3\u984c\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e00\u3001\u5169\u500b\u6708\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u672a\u679c\u4fbf\u653e\u68c4\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5176\u4ed6\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u5805\u6301\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u521d\u8877\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u539f\u4f86\u60f3\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5728\u6559\u6388\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u6307\u5c0e\u8001\u5e2b\u7684\u9019\u4e00\u5e2d\u8a71\u662f\u9f13\u52f5\u4ed6\u5805\u6301\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6307\u5c0e\u8001\u5e2b\u66fe\u8a00\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u904e\u4e00\u3001\u5169\u5e74\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u60f3\u63a5\u89f8\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5026\u6020\u671f\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u7528\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u7dad\u7e6b\u8457\u8ad6\u6587\u767c\u8868\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u6295\u5165\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u95b1\u8b80\u5404\u500b\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u62d3\u5c55\u81ea\u8eab\u7814\u7a76\u5230\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u76f8\u95dc\u9818\u57df\u3002\u300c\u78b0\u5230\u632b\u6298\uff0c\u53ef\u5148\u653e\u4e0b\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u601d\u8003\u5176\u4ed6\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8981\u5c31\u6b64\u8d70\u958b\u3002\u300d\u8463\u6559\u6388\u9019\u9ebc\u8aaa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6559\u6388\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u9762\u5c0d\u60f3\u8981\u89e3\u6c7a\u3001\u537b\u672a\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u6578\u8ad6\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u627e\u4e86\u7cfb\u4e0a\u5f9e\u4e8b\u6578\u8ad6\u7684\u6559\u6388\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u7b54\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u4ed6\u5728\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u5076\u7136\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5b9a\u7406\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u7adf\u6210\u4e86\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u7576\u4ed6\u5beb\u4fe1\u7d66\u4e00\u4f4d\u5f9e\u4e8b\u6578\u8ad6\u8207\u908f\u8f2f\u9818\u57df\u7684UC Berkeley\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5c0d\u65b9\u6bd4\u8d77\u8463\u6559\u6388\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5947\u4ed6\u4f55\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u9019\u500b\u5b9a\u7406\u3002\u5c0d\u8463\u6559\u6388\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5e38\u5e38\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u7121\u5fc3\u63d2\u67f3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u5c0d\u554f\u984c\u7684\u300c\u611f\u89ba\u300d\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u662f\u5728\u5b75\u5316\u671f (incubation)\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u5be6\u8cea\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5be6\u8b8a\u5316\u5df2\u7d93\u7522\u751f\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u5805\u6301\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: 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