{"id":34407,"date":"2019-09-09T00:16:43","date_gmt":"2019-09-08T16:16:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=34407"},"modified":"2019-09-02T10:29:31","modified_gmt":"2019-09-02T02:29:31","slug":"%e6%a3%ae%e6%9e%97%e5%a4%a7%e7%81%ab%e5%96%9a%e9%86%92%e5%9c%b0%e5%ba%95%e7%9a%84%e9%99%b3%e5%b9%b4%e7%a2%b3%e5%ad%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=34407","title":{"rendered":"\u68ee\u6797\u5927\u706b\u559a\u9192\u5730\u5e95\u7684\u9673\u5e74\u78b3\u5b58"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u8607\u5efa\u7ff0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u516b\u6708\uff0c\u4e9e\u99ac\u905c\u68ee\u6797\u718a\u718a\u71c3\u71d2\u7684\u5927\u706b\u9010\u6f38\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u7684\u76ee\u5149\u3002\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u9010\u6f38\u6d6e\u73fe\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u68ee\u6797\u7684\u898f\u6a21\u5c0d\u65bc\u63a7\u5236\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6fc3\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0a\u5347\u8da8\u52e2\u76f8\u7576\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u68ee\u6797\u4e0a\u5c64\u80fd\u5920\u900f\u904e\u8449\u7247\u884c\u5149\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6355\u6349\u5927\u6c23\u4e2d\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff0c\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5e95\u5c64\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u6709\u6a5f\u8cea\u4e5f\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u5927\u578b\u78b3\u532f(Carbon Sink)\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5132\u5b58\u8457\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u6355\u6349\u5230\u7684\u78b3\uff0c\u7576\u68ee\u6797\u91ce\u706b\u4e00\u767c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6536\u62fe\uff0c\u78b3\u5132\u5b58\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4fbf\u6703\u906d\u53d7\u5a01\u8105\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u91ce\u706b\u662f\u68ee\u6797\u6f14\u66ff\u7684\u52d5\u529b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\"\"
\u5716\u4e00\u3001\u67af\u7acb\u6728\u7fa4 (\u4f86\u6e90: complex early seral forest @ Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

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\u25cf\u8b8a\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u91ce\u706b\u7279\u6027<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u96d6\u7136\u706b\u707d\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u7576\u706b\u707d\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u983b\u7387\u3001\u6642\u9593\u3001\u7bc4\u570d\u6709\u6240\u6539\u8b8a\u3001\u8d85\u904e\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u7d71\u81ea\u6211\u4fee\u5fa9\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u60c5\u6cc1\u5c31\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u6709\u4e9b\u56b4\u5cfb\uff0c\u800c\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u66f4\u662f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u591a\u8a00\uff0c\u5927\u706b\u5c0d\u6c11\u773e\u7684\u751f\u547d\u8ca1\u7522\u9020\u6210\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u6253\u706b\u7684\u6210\u672c\u5f80\u5f80\u6240\u8cbb\u4e0d\u8cb2\u3002\u4ee5\u7d93\u5e38\u53d7\u91ce\u706b\u4fb5\u64fe\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u3001\u6fb3\u6d32\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u6295\u6ce8\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u706b\u707d\u4e0a\u7684\u5e74\u5ea6\u82b1\u8cbb\u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u4e0a\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u640d\u5931\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6602\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u80fd\u5426\u5c0d\u706b\u707d\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u76f8\u7576\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u4e8c\u3001\u8457\u540d\u68ee\u6797\u5927\u706b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5982 (\u5de6) 2005\u4e9e\u99ac\u905c\u68ee\u6797\u5927\u706b (\u53f3) 2010\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u68ee\u6797\u5927\u706b\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5f9eFWSL\u7684
\u8a08\u7b97\u7d50\u679c(\u7d05\uff1a\u7570\u5e38\u9577\u3001\u85cd\uff1a\u7570\u5e38\u77ed\u3001\u9ec3\uff1a\u7121\u7570\u5e38\u3001\u7070\u8272\uff1a\u7121\u690d\u88ab)\u4e2d\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u3002 (\u4f86\u6e90:[3], CC BY 4.0)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u70ba\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u548c\u91ce\u706b\u7279\u6027\u8b8a\u5316\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u806f\uff0c\u6709\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5229\u75281979-2013\u5e74\u7684\u5929\u6c23\u8cc7\u6599\u53bb\u5206\u5225\u8a08\u7b97\u5404\u570b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u706b\u707d\u5371\u96aa\u6307\u6578(Fire Danger Index)\uff0c\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u6307\u6578\u6574\u7406\u4e4b\u5f8c\u8a08\u7b97\u51fa\u5404\u5340\u57df\u6b77\u5e74\u7684\u300c\u91ce\u706b\u5b63\u7bc0\u9577\u5ea6(Fire Weather Season Length, FWSL)\u300d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u5e74\u88e1\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u5929\u6c23\u72c0\u614b\u6709\u9ad8\u98a8\u96aa\u3001\u5bb9\u6613\u767c\u751f\u706b\u707d\u7684\u65e5\u6578\u3002\u65b0\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u6307\u6a19\u9700\u8981\u9032\u884c\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c07\u9019\u500bFWSL\u6307\u6a19\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u7d50\u679c\u548c\u5e7e\u6b21\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u91ce\u706b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u5c0d\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u767c\u751f\u7684\u8a72\u5e74\u3001\u8a72\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u767c\u73fe\u91ce\u706b\u5b63\u7bc0\u5ef6\u9577\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u4f86\u770bFWSL\u80fd\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6355\u6349\u5230\u5404\u5730\u91ce\u706b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u767c\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u4e09\u30011979-2013\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u91ce\u706b\u5b63\u7bc0\u9577\u5ea6\u7684\u589e\u6e1b\u8da8\u52e2(\u7d05\uff1a\u589e\u9577\u3001\u85cd\uff1a\u7e2e\u77ed\u3001\u9ec3\uff1a\u7121\u8b8a\u5316\u3001\u7070\u8272\uff1a\u7121\u690d\u88ab)\uff0c
\u55ae\u4f4d\u70ba\u65e5\u6578\/\u5e74\u3002(\u4f86\u6e90:[3], CC BY 4.0)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u89c0\u5bdf\u6b77\u5e74\u91ce\u706b\u5b63\u7bc0\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u4f86\u89c0\u5bdf\u91ce\u706b\u7279\u6027\u7684\u8b8a\u9077\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u7d04\u6709\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u690d\u88ab\u8986\u84cb\u5730\u5340\u7684\u91ce\u706b\u5b63\u7bc0\u662f\u8b8a\u9577\u7684\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5168\u7403\u5e73\u5747\u7684FWSL\u589e\u52a0\u5c07\u8fd1\u5169\u6210\uff0c\u8d85\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u6a19\u6e96\u5dee\u3001\u6642\u9593\u7570\u5e38\u9577\u7684FWSL\u51fa\u73fe\u983b\u7387\u4e5f\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u7e3d\u5f97\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u5340\u57df\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u4e09\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u6613\u767c\u91ce\u706b\u5929\u6c23\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u65e5\u6578\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u7684\uff0c\u68ee\u6797\u5927\u706b\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u66f4\u983b\u7e41\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u571f\u58e4\u7684\u300c\u5e74\u8f2a\u300d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u52d5\u690d\u7269\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6b98\u9918\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6703\u9010\u6f38\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u5728\u68ee\u6797\u5e95\u5c64\u5f62\u6210\u5bcc\u542b\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u571f\u58e4\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u904e\u53bb\uff0c\u820a\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u6709\u6a5f\u8cea\u6703\u6301\u7e8c\u5730\u518d\u88ab\u65b0\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u8986\u84cb\uff0c\u9010\u5c64\u7d2f\u7a4d\u3002\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u8a31\u591a\u6a39\u6728\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u5708\u5708\u7684\u5e74\u8f2a\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5e74\u8f2a\u7684\u7c97\u7d30\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u6c23\u5019\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u89c0\u5bdf\u571f\u58e4\u5256\u9762\uff0c\u5c64\u5c64\u7d2f\u7a4d\u5728\u571f\u58e4\u4e2d\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u6578\u91cf\u7684\u78b3\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u6307\u793a\u5176\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6c23\u5019\u8a0a\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7576\u68ee\u6797\u767c\u751f\u5927\u706b\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5730\u8868\u7684\u52d5\u690d\u7269\u906d\u6b83\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u571f\u58e4\u6709\u6a5f\u8cea\u4e2d\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u78b3\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u70ba\u71c3\u6599\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u4e00\u4f75\u8ddf\u8457\u71c3\u71d2\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u706b\u52e2\u4e26\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u8f03\u6df1\u5c64\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u53ef\u4ee5\u9003\u904e\u4e00\u52ab\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u4f4f\u5132\u5b58\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u78b3\uff0c\u5927\u706b\u904e\u5f8c\uff0c\u68ee\u6797\u958b\u59cb\u751f\u9577\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u8986\u84cb\u4e0a\u4f86\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u65b0\u7684\u6f14\u66ff\u904e\u7a0b\u53c8\u91cd\u65b0\u5c55\u958b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u571f\u58e4\u7684\u8f03\u6df1\u8655\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9577\u4e45\u4ee5\u4f86\u5c62\u6b21\u9003\u904e\u91ce\u706b\u4fb5\u8972\u7684\u571f\u58e4\uff0c\u5132\u5b58\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u571f\u58e4\u4e2d\u7684\u78b3\u5c31\u88ab\u7a31\u4f5c\u300c\u9673\u5e74\u78b3\u5b58(Legacy Carbon)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u983b\u7e41\u3001\u52a0\u5287\u7684\u91ce\u706b\u5c07\u91cb\u653e\u9673\u5e74\u78b3\u5b58<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wildfire<\/a>
\n[2] A. C. Scott and I. J. Glasspool, \u201cThe diversification of Paleozoic fire systems and fluctuations in atmospheric oxygen concentration,\u201dProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.<\/em>, vol. 103, no. 29, pp. 10861\u201310865, 2006.
\n[3] W. M. Jolly et al.<\/em>, \u201cClimate-induced variations in global wildfire danger from 1979 to 2013,\u201d Nat. Commun.<\/em>, vol. 6, no. May, pp. 1\u201311, 2015.
\n[4] Xanthe J. Walker et al.<\/em>, \u201cIncreasing wildfires threaten historic carbon sink of boreal forest soils,\u201d Nature<\/em>, vol. 572, pp. 520\u2013523, 2019. DOI: 10.1038\/s41586-019-1474-y<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

--<\/strong>
\n\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u8607\u5efa\u7ff0\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5c31\u8b80\u65bc\u53f0\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u96fb\u4fe1\u6240\u78a9\u58eb\u73ed\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u80fd\u900f\u904e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u9ede\u5fc3\u529b\uff0c \u5c07\u5404\u9818\u57df\u7684\u6709\u8da3\u767c\u73fe\u5206\u4eab\u7d66\u5927\u5bb6\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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