{"id":34289,"date":"2019-07-29T00:16:13","date_gmt":"2019-07-28T16:16:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=34289"},"modified":"2019-07-26T15:59:39","modified_gmt":"2019-07-26T07:59:39","slug":"%e5%be%8c%e8%98%87%e8%81%af%e7%9a%84%e7%b3%a7%e9%a3%9f%e8%88%87%e6%ba%ab%e5%ae%a4%e6%b0%a3%e9%ab%94%e6%8e%92%e6%94%be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=34289","title":{"rendered":"\u5f8c\u8607\u806f\u7684\u7ce7\u98df\u8207\u6eab\u5ba4\u6c23\u9ad4\u6392\u653e"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u8607\u5efa\u7ff0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6e90\u81ea\u65bc\u7ce7\u98df\u7cfb\u7d71(Food System)\u7684\u6eab\u5ba4\u6c23\u9ad4(Greenhouse Gas, GHG)\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u7d04\u5360\u5168\u7403\u7e3d\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u7684\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e86\u89e3\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u5404\u7a2e\u884c\u70ba\u8ca2\u737b\u7684GHG\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u5c0d\u65bc\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u6211\u5011\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u5403\u5403\u559d\u559d\u771f\u8981\u5f9e\u982d\u8aaa\u8d77\uff0c\u5f9e\u8fb2\u8015\u755c\u7267\u3001\u52a0\u5de5\u914d\u9001\u76f4\u5230\u9001\u9032\u5634\u88e1\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u9019\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u904e\u7a0b\u76f8\u7576\u7684\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u3001\u5730\u9ede\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u6709\u6240\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u8981\u5f9e\u54ea\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u8457\u624b\u958b\u59cb\u6bd4\u8f03\u597d\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u6d88\u8cbb\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8a08\u7b97\u67d0\u5730\u5340\u4f86\u81ea\u7ce7\u98df\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6eab\u5ba4\u6c23\u9ad4\u6392\u653e\u91cf(\u4e0b\u6587\u7c21\u7a31FSGHG)\u5728\u50b3\u7d71\u4e0a\u591a\u70ba\u751f\u7522\u5c0e\u5411\uff0c\u4f9d\u64da\u4e0d\u540c\u7ce7\u98df\u7684\u751f\u7522\u91cf\u53bb\u4f30\u7b97\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u518d\u52a0\u7e3d\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u6a23\u5b50\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5c07\u8cbf\u6613\u884c\u70ba\u4e00\u4f75\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u70ba\u4e86\u80fd\u66f4\u8cbc\u8fd1FSGHG\u7684\u5168\u8c8c\uff0c\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u6d88\u8cbb\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u505a\u70ba\u4f9d\u64da\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u5c31\u80fd\u5c07\u9032\u51fa\u53e3\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u78b3\u8db3\u8de1\u4e5f\u4e00\u4f75\u8003\u616e\u9032\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u4e00 \u6d88\u8cbb\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u5f0f(\u4f86\u6e90: \u53c3\u8003[1]\u7e6a\u5716)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u7ce7\u98df\u9032\u51fa\u53e3\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f9d\u64da\u7a2e\u985e\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6709\u5176\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c97\u5206\u70ba\u5bb6\u755c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f5c\u7269\u5169\u7a2e\u3002\u524d\u8005\u7522\u54c1\u6bd4\u5982\u5976\u985e\u6216\u8089\u985e\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u8cbf\u6613\u884c\u70ba\u591a\u534a\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u751f\u7522\u5730\u5230\u6d88\u8cbb\u7aef\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5229\u7528\u53ef\u5f97\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u8a08\u7b97\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\uff1b\u5f8c\u8005\u7684\u8cbf\u6613\u5247\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u570b\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u5927\u8c46\u6536\u6210\u5b8c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5148\u7d93\u7531\u4e2d\u9593\u570b\u52a0\u5de5\u6210\u5927\u8c46\u6cb9\uff0c\u4e00\u8def\u8f3e\u8f49\u88fd\u9020\u6210\u6700\u7d42\u7522\u54c1\u624d\u9001\u5230\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u6d88\u8cbb\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u91d0\u6e05\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4e2d\u8f49\u9084\u662f\u6700\u7d42\u6d88\u8cbb\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u8cbf\u6613\u6d41(physical trade flows)\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u642d\u914d\u4e0a\u570b\u969b\u4f9b\u61c9\u93c8\u4f86\u8a08\u7b97\u570b\u5bb6\u5c0d\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u9032\u51fa\u53e3\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u904e\u6ffe\u51fa\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u6d88\u8cbb\u6389\u7ce7\u98df\u7684\u91cf\u3002\u5206\u5225\u8a08\u7b97\u5340\u57df\u5167\u5bb6\u755c\u3001\u4f5c\u7269\u7684\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf(\u91cd\u91cf)\u518d\u4e58\u4e0a\u5f37\u5ea6(\u6bcf\u55ae\u4f4d\u91cd\u91cf\u6392\u653e\u91cf)\u5f8c\u52a0\u7e3d\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u6211\u5011\u6240\u60f3\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u7e3d\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u8f49\u6369\u9ede\uff1a\u8607\u806f\u89e3\u9ad4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u897f\u51431991\u5e74\u570b\u969b\u653f\u6cbb\u6700\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u80af\u5b9a\u5f97\u7b97\u4e0a\u8607\u806f\u89e3\u9ad4\u9019\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u9081\u5165\u65b0\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u524d\u8607\u806f\u5730\u5340\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u5167\u7531\u8a08\u756b\u7d93\u6fdf\u8f49\u5411\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u8f49\u63db\u4e2d\u8fb2\u696d\u548c\u7ce7\u98df\u7cfb\u7d71\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5287\u70c8\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5206\u6790FSGHG\u5404\u500b\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u9580\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u662f\u500b\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u4e8c 1992-2011\u5e74CO2e\u7d2f\u7a4d\u6de8\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u4f86\u6e90\uff0c\u7531\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\u65b9\u5225\u70ba\u570b\u5167\u8089\/\u5976\u985e\u751f\u7522(\u7d05)\u3001\u78b3\u622a\u5b58(\u68d5)\u3001\u4f5c\u7269\u9032\u53e3(\u7da0)\u3001\u4f5c\u7269\u51fa\u53e3(\u6a58)\u3001\u4f5c\u7269\u751f\u7522(\u9ed1)\u3001\u8089\/\u5976\u985e\u9032\u53e3(\u85cd)\u4ee5\u53ca\u7e3d\u548c(\u7d2b)\u3002(\u4f86\u6e90:[1])<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7576\u91cf(carbon dioxide equivalent, CO2e)\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u4f30\u7b97\u78b3\u8db3\u8de1\u7684\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u6eab\u5ba4\u6c23\u9ad4\u9664\u4e86\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u5305\u542b\u7532\u70f7\u3001\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u4e8c\u6c2e\u7b49\u773e\u591a\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u800cCO2e\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f9d\u64da\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\u6f5b\u52e2(global warming potential)\u5c07\u4e0d\u540c\u6c23\u9ad4\u5c0d\u6696\u5316\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u63db\u7b97\u6210\u540c\u7b49\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6578\u91cf\u518d\u52a0\u7e3d\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64CO2e\u7684\u6578\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8996\u70ba\u6696\u5316\u7684\u7e3d\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3002\u5229\u7528\u524d\u8ff0\u6d88\u8cbb\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u91dd\u5c0d1992\u52302011\u5e74\u5bb6\u755c\u7522\u91cf\u3001\u571f\u5730\u7684\u68c4\u8015\u6578\u91cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u8cbf\u6613\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u9019\u671f\u9593\u524d\u8607\u806f\u5730\u5340FSGHG\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u6de8\u6e1b\u5c1176.1\u5104\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u5678\u7684CO2e(\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u671f\u5357\u7f8e\u6d32\u4f10\u6797\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u7684\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00)\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u5b97\u7684\u5169\u500b\u4f86\u6e90\u5206\u5225\u70ba\u570b\u5167\u5bb6\u755c\u7522\u91cf\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u4ee5\u53ca\u68c4\u8015\u571f\u5730\u7684\u78b3\u622a\u5b58\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f5c\u7269\u9032\u51fa\u53e3\u5247\u6709\u8f03\u5c11\u8a31\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4f5c\u7269\u7684\u570b\u5167\u751f\u7522\u91cf\u8207\u8089\u985e\u5976\u985e\u7684\u9032\u53e3\u5247\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u570b\u5167\u5bb6\u755c\u7522\u91cf\u7684\u4e0b\u964d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u6230\u5f8c\u7684\u8607\u806f\u5883\u5167\uff0c\u8089\u98df\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u98f2\u98df\u6587\u5316\u5f71\u97ff\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u653f\u5e9c\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8b93\u4eba\u5747\u5bb6\u755c\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u5411\u4f86\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u540d\u5217\u524d\u8305\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u7576\u6642\u7684\u98fc\u80b2\u6280\u8853\u548c\u751f\u7522\u6548\u7387\u7686\u8f03\u4f4e\u4e0b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u570b\u5167\u5bb6\u755c\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u751f\u7522\u5411\u4f86\u662fGHG\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u7684\u5927\u6236\u3002\u5728\u8607\u806f\u89e3\u9ad4\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u98f2\u98df\u6587\u5316\u6709\u4e86\u986f\u8457\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5371\u6a5f\u4e0b\u9ad8\u6f32\u7684\u7269\u50f9\u548c\u8d70\u4f4e\u7684\u8cfc\u8cb7\u529b\u5c0e\u81f4\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u7f3a\u5c11\u4e86\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u652f\u6301\u5e02\u5834\u652f\u6490\u7684\u529b\u9053\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5bb6\u755c\u7522\u696d\u7684\u96ea\u5d29\u5f0f\u4e0b\u6ed1\uff0c\u725b\u96bb\u548c\u8c6c\u96bb\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u7686\u7e2e\u6c34\u5230\u89e3\u9ad4\u524d\u6c34\u6e96\u7684\u4e94\u6210\u4e0a\u4e0b\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u4e0b\u6ed1\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\u76f4\u52301990\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u665a\u671f\u624d\u7a69\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4f86\u6709\u5fa9\u7526\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u751f\u7522\u91cf\u7684\u6e1b\u5c11\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u751f\u7522\u6280\u8853\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u3001\u55ae\u4f4d\u7522\u91cfGHG\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9019\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u5c0d\u65bcFSGHG\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u8ca2\u737b\u826f\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u4e09 \u524d\u8607\u806f\u5730\u5340\u5bb6\u755c\u570b\u5167\u751f\u7522(\u7d05\u7dda)\u548c\u9032\u53e3(\u85cd\u7dda)\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684GHG\u6392\u653e\u91cf\uff1a\u7e3d\u548c(\u5de6\u4e0a)\u3001\u725b\u8089(\u53f3\u4e0a)\u3001\u8c6c\u8089(\u5de6\u4e0b)\u3001\u5bb6\u79bd(\u53f3\u4e0b)\uff0c\u7e31\u8ef8\u55ae\u4f4d\u70ba\u5341\u5104\u5678CO2e\/\u5e74\uff0c\u6a6b\u8ef8\u70ba\u5e74\uff0c\u865b\u7dda\u70ba1991\u5e74(\u4f86\u6e90:[1])<\/figcaption><\/figure>\u25cf\u5bb6\u755c\u7522\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u9644\u5e36\u5f71\u97ff<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4f34\u96a8\u8457\u5bb6\u755c\u7522\u696d\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u6e1b\u5c11\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u8fce\u4f86\u7684\u4fbf\u662f\u8fb2\u696d\u90e8\u9580\u88e1\u539f\u4f5c\u70ba\u98fc\u6599\u4f5c\u7269\u571f\u5730\u7684\u5ee3\u6cdb\u68c4\u8015\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u539f\u672c\u6c23\u5019\u548c\u571f\u58e4\u6027\u8cea\u5c31\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u537b\u5728\u8a08\u756b\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0b\u8015\u7a2e\u7684\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u68c4\u8015\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u66f4\u70ba\u986f\u8457\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c24\u4ee5\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u548c\u54c8\u85a9\u514b\u5169\u500b\u64c1\u6709\u5ee3\u5927\u9818\u571f\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u70ba\u751a\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u524d\u8173\u4e00\u8d70\uff0c\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u5c31\u6084\u7136\u7121\u8072\u5730\u91cd\u65b0\u596a\u56de\u4e3b\u6b0a\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u68c4\u8015\u7684\u571f\u5730\u9010\u6f38\u88ab\u65b0\u751f\u690d\u88ab\u5360\u9818\uff0c\u9010\u6f38\u6062\u5fa9\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u666f\u89c0\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u78b3\u5c31\u88ab\u690d\u7269\u6355\u6349\u66f4\u70ba\u9577\u4e45\u5730\u5132\u5b58\u5728\u5730\u8868\u4e0a\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u78b3\u622a\u5b58\u4f5c\u7528(carbon sequestration)\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u91cd\u65b0\u7da0\u5316\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5927\u91cf\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e86FSGHG\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u56db \u70ad\u622a\u5b58(\u5de6)\u548c\u4f5c\u7269\u751f\u7522\u8207\u9032\u51fa\u53e3(\u53f3)\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684GHG\u6392\u653e\u91cf\uff0c\u7e31\u8ef8\u55ae\u4f4d\u70ba\u5341\u5104\u5678CO2e\/\u5e74\uff0c\u6a6b\u8ef8\u70ba\u5e74\uff0c\u865b\u7dda\u70ba1991\u5e74(\u4f86\u6e90:[1])<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u770b\u898b\u4e86\u571f\u5730\u68c4\u8015\u548c\u4f34\u96a8\u7684\u9032\u53e3\u589e\u52a0\u5c0d\u65bcGHG\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u904e\u7a0b\u662f\u8a31\u591a\u5df2\u958b\u767c\u6216\u65b0\u8208\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u6703\u9762\u81e8\u5230\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u5728\u5236\u5b9a\u653f\u7b56\u6642\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9b\u4f5c\u53c3\u8003\uff0c<\/p>\n

 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] F. Schierhorn et al., \u201cLarge greenhouse gas savings due to changes in the post-Soviet food systems,\u201d Environ. Res. Lett., vol. 14, 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1748-9326\/ab1cf1
\n[2] https:\/\/e-info.org.tw\/node\/67588<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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