{"id":34081,"date":"2019-05-19T11:31:35","date_gmt":"2019-05-19T03:31:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=34081"},"modified":"2019-05-20T11:43:04","modified_gmt":"2019-05-20T03:43:04","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e5%9f%ba%e5%9b%a0%ef%bc%9a%e4%ba%ba%e9%a1%9e%e6%9c%80%e8%a6%aa%e5%af%86%e7%9a%84%e6%ad%b7%e5%8f%b2%e3%80%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=34081","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u57fa\u56e0\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u6700\u89aa\u5bc6\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u300b\u66f8\u8a55"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5fb7\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u99ac\u5343\u60e0\u7ffb\u8b6f\/\u81fa\u5927\u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u9673\u85f9\u7136\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f
\n(\u7ffb\u8b6f\u4f86\u6e90 <An Appreciation of The Gene: An Intimate History by Siddhartha Mukherjee and a Call for Expanded Training in the Responsible Conduct of Research<\/a>>)
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5c0d\u8f9b\u9054\u5854. \u7a46\u514b\u5409 (Siddhartha Mukherjee) \u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u57fa\u56e0\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u6700\u89aa\u5bc6\u7684\u6b77\u53f2 (The Gene : An Intimate History) \u300b \u8868\u9054\u81f4\u610f\u548c\u611f\u8b1d\u4ee5\u53ca\u547c\u7c72\u64f4\u5927\u57f9\u8a13\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u884c\u70ba\u3002<\/p>\n

1920\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7dad\u5409\u5c3c\u4e9e\u5dde\u4e00\u4f4d\u55ae\u89aa\u5abd\u5abd Emma Buck \u56e0\u6d41\u6d6a\u8857\u982d\u88ab\u902e\u88dc\u5f8c\u5e36\u81f3\u5e02\u653f\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u5169\u4f4d\u91ab\u751f\u6240\u505a\u7684\u7c97\u7565\u5fc3\u7406\u6e2c\u9a57\u65b7\u5b9a\u70baEmma Buck\u667a\u969c\uff0c\u88ab\u5f37\u5236\u9001\u53bb\u6536\u5bb9\u55ae\u4f4d\u3002\u800c\u597914\u6b72\u7684\u5973\u5152 Carrie Buck\uff0c\u5176\u5f8c\u5e7e\u5e74\u7531\u5bc4\u990a\u5bb6\u5ead\u6276\u990a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u906d\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u54e1\u5f37\u66b4\u800c\u61f7\u5b55\u3002Carrie\u7684\u990a\u7236\u6bcd\u70ba\u4e86\u64fa\u812b\u5979\uff0c\u53c8\u5c07\u5979\u5e36\u81f3\u540c\u4e00\u5e02\u5e9c\u6cd5\u5ead\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u5979\u6bcd\u89aa\u4e00\u6a23\uff0cCarrie\u4e5f\u88ab\u5224\u5b9a\u70ba\u667a\u969c\uff0c\u65bc1924\u5e74\u9001\u5165\u540c\u4e00\u6536\u5bb9\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u540c\u6642Carrie\u7684\u5973\u5152\u51fa\u751f\u5f8c\u4e5f\u88ab\u5e36\u8d70\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6536\u5bb9\u6240\u7684\u4e3b\u7ba1 Dr. Albert Priddy \u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u6975\u529b\u63a8\u52d5\u512a\u751f\u5b78\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u5c07\u5f37\u8feb\u7d55\u80b2\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u53bb\u9664\u6709\u4e0d\u826f\u907a\u50b3\u7684\u5f8c\u4ee3\u3002\u4ed6\u7a4d\u6975\u4e3b\u5f35\u8b93Carrie\u9032\u884c\u7d50\u7d2e\u624b\u8853\uff0c\u4e26\u9032\u5165\u8a34\u8a1f\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u7576\u6642\u793e\u5de5\u5ba3\u7a31\u5728\u5bc4\u990a\u4e2d\u7684\u516b\u500b\u6708\u5927\u5b30\u5152\u6709\u767c\u5c55\u9072\u7de9\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6cd5\u9662\u540c\u610f Priddy \u7d55\u80b2\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u5224\u6c7a\u4e0a\u8a34\u81f3\u7f8e\u570b\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c \u7531\u9996\u5e2d\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. \u5ba3\u5e03\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u5011\u4ee5\u516b\u6bd4\u4e00\u7684\u9ad8\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5224\u6c7aCarrie\u6557\u8a34\uff0c\u8a8d\u5b9a\u793e\u6703\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u90a3\u4e9b\u986f\u7136\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u7684\u4eba\u7e7c\u7e8c\u751f\u51fa\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u5f8c\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e09\u4ee3\u7684\u667a\u969c\u5df2\u7d93\u5920\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

1999\u5e74\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4f4d\u5341\u516b\u6b72\u7684\u60a3\u8005 Jesse Gelsinger \u56e0\u9ce5\u6c28\u9178\u8f49\u6c28\u7532\u9170\u9176\u7f3a\u4e4f\u75c7(\u7c21\u7a31OTC deficiency\uff0c\u8a3b1) \u800c\u52a0\u5165\u8cd3\u5dde\u5927\u5b78OTC deficiency\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbb\u7642\u8a08\u5283\u3002\u70ba\u6cbb\u7642Gelsinger\u9175\u7d20\u8868\u73fe\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4ed6\u6bcf\u5929\u5fc5\u9808\u670d32\u9846\u85e5\u4e38\u4f86\u63a7\u5236\u75c5\u60c5\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u56b4\u683c\u63a7\u7ba1\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u651d\u53d6\u3002\u9019\u500b\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a57\u662f\u7531\u8cd3\u5dde\u5927\u5b78James Wilson\u535a\u58eb\u548c\u5176\u5718\u968a\u6240\u57f7\u884c\u3002Wilson \u535a\u58eb\u5728\u8cd3\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbb\u7642\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\u4ed6\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8 Genova\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7533\u8acb\u4ed6\u4e4b\u524d\u5728\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u7814\u767c\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbb\u7642\u767c\u660e\u5c08\u5229\uff0cWilson \u672c\u4eba\u548c\u8cd3\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u90fd\u6301\u6709 Genova\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\u3002\u9019\u9805\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a57\u662f\u4ee5\u5f31\u5316\u7684\u817a\u75c5\u6bd2\u8f09\u9ad4\u5c07\u4e00OTC\u57fa\u56e0\u76f4\u63a5\u9001\u5165\u809d\u7d30\u80de\u3002\u5728\u9032\u884c\u4eba\u9ad4\u5be6\u9a57\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u65bc\u8001\u9f20\u548c\u7334\u5b50\u9032\u884c\u904e\u52d5\u7269\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7334\u5b50\u5c0d\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u75c5\u6bd2\u51fa\u73fe\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u904e\u654f\u53cd\u61c9\u4e26\u4e14\u809d\u81df\u53d7\u640d\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u96bb\u7334\u5b50\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u81e8\u5e8a\u5be6\u9a57\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u63a1\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u964d\u4f4e\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u76f8\u7576\u7a0b\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\u6253\u5165\u4eba\u9ad4\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u91cf\u3002\u5171\u670917\u500b\u75c5\u4eba\u53c3\u52a0\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a57\uff0c\u7576 OTC deficiency\u60a3\u8005Jesse Gelsinger \u52a0\u5165\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a57\u6642\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u53d7\u6e2c\u8005\u51fa\u73fe\u77ed\u66ab\u767c\u71d2\u73fe\u8c61\u3002Jesse Gelsinger \u5728\u65bd\u6253\u75c5\u6bd2\u7576\u665a\u767c\u71d2\u81f3\u83ef\u6c0f104\u5ea6\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u4ed6\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\u6c28\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u5df2\u4e0a\u5347\u81f3\u6b63\u5e38\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u5341\u500d\u4e14\u51fa\u73fe\u814e\u81df\u8870\u7aed\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u9677\u5165\u660f\u8ff7\u3002\u5728\u65bd\u6253\u5e36\u6709 OTC\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u817a\u75c5\u6bd2\u5f8c\u7b2c\u56db\u5929 Jesse Gelsinger \u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u8ff0 Carrie Buck \u548c Jesse Gelsinger \u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5728\u8f9b\u9054\u5854. \u7a46\u514b\u5409 (Siddhartha Mukherjee) \u7684\u8457\u4f5c \u300c\u57fa\u56e0\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u6700\u89aa\u5bc6\u7684\u6b77\u53f2 (The Gene : An Intimate History)  \u300d\u4e2d\u6709\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u57282016\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u5247\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6210\u70ba\u907a\u50b3\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u5c55\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u4f86\u7684\u8b66\u793a\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7576\u5730\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u5148\u9032\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0d\u500b\u4eba\u51fa\u73fe\u60b2\u5287\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4ee5\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u70ba\u85c9\u53e3\u6216\u4f9d\u64da\u9032\u884c\u793e\u6703\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u537b\u9055\u80cc\u539f\u672c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u52d5\u6a5f\uff0c\u8b93\u793e\u6703\u904b\u52d5\u812b\u8ecc\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u901a\u76e4\u6027\u8003\u91cf\u548c\u958b\u660e\u7684\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u300c\u57fa\u56e0\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u6700\u89aa\u5bc6\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u300d\u4e00\u66f8\u7684\u4e3b\u8ef8\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u5b83\u5f9e\u5b5f\u5fb7\u723e\u81f3\u9054\u723e\u6587\uff0c\u5f9e\u679c\u8805\u3001\u96d9\u80a1\u87ba\u65cb\u5230\u5167\u542b\u5b50\u3001\u8f49\u9304\u56e0\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u80da\u80ce\u5e79\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u8a73\u8ff0\u5404\u7a2e\u79d1\u5b78\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u8b93\u975e\u907a\u50b3\u5b78\u5bb6\u751a\u81f3\u4e00\u822c\u8b80\u8005\u90fd\u80fd\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u7a46\u514b\u5409\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5728\u907a\u50b3\u5b78\u53ca\u5176\u5ef6\u4f38\u9818\u57df\u5177\u9811\u5f37\u8abf\u67e5\u529b\u7684\u65b0\u805e\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u64c5\u9577\u5c07\u79d1\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u505a\u6df1\u5165\u6dfa\u51fa\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u878d\u5165\u4ed6\u7684\u5831\u5c0e\u505a\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u76f8\u95dc\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u8eab\u5fc3\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u6b77\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u79d1\u6280\u7522\u696d\u767c\u5c55\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u79d1\u5b78\u6027\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u9805\u6280\u8853\u6216\u6982\u5ff5\u767c\u5c55\u5177\u6709\u4f55\u7a2e\u610f\u7fa9\uff1f\u8a72\u53d7\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff1f\u8ab0\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u9810\u898b\u6280\u8853\u5c0d\u672a\u4f86\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff1fCarrie Buck \u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u767c\u73fe\u88ab\u6feb\u7528\u7684\u60b2\u5287\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u512a\u751f\u5b78\u904b\u52d5\u6feb\u7528\u4e86\u907a\u50b3\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u5316\u6b67\u8996\u548c\u8feb\u5bb3\u90a3\u4e9b\u7121\u6cd5\u5bb9\u5165\u6b63\u5e38\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u4eba\u3002Jesse Gelsinger \u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u986f\u7136\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u60b2\u5287\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u6545\u4e8b\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u5229\u76ca\u554f\u984c\u548c\u8655\u7406\u5931\u7576\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff1f\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u6211\u5011\u6703\u91dd\u5c0d\u9019\u90e8\u5206\u9032\u884c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u7576\u4f60\u8b80\u904e\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6703\u5c31\u80fd\u9ad4\u6703\u5230\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u4e0d\u8ad6\u597d\u6216\u58de\u90fd\u5728\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u5f37\u5927\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8b80\u5b8c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u6216\u8a31\u6703\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u500b\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7591\u554f\uff1a\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u751f\u91ab\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u662f\u5426\u6709\u53d7\u904e\u4efb\u4f55\u57f9\u8a13\uff0c\u77ad\u89e3\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u8eab\u8ca0\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5c0d\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u6216\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u793e\u6703\uff1f\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u5426\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u6703\u9762\u5c0d\u66f4\u5927\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u8aa4\u7528\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u88ab\u523b\u610f\u5730\u6feb\u7528\uff1f\u7c21\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u751f\u91ab\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u66fe\u8981\u6c42\u8003\u616e\u4ed6\u5011\u79d1\u5b78\u5c08\u696d\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4e8b\u52d9\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u6709\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4f8b\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u9700\u8981\u8a18\u53d6\u7684\u6559\u8a13\u662f\u5426\u66fe\u88ab\u63d0\u53ca\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5c0d\u5927\u773e\u800c\u8a00\u7684\u597d\u6d88\u606f\u662f\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u5df2\u6709\u6cd5\u898f\u898f\u5b9a\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5b78\u751f\u5fc5\u9808\u63a5\u53d7\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u89e3\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u5927\u773e\u7fa9\u52d9\uff08\u7de8\u6309\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u502b\u7406\uff09\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\uff1b\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a2009\u5e74\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b78\u57fa\u91d1\u6703(NSF) \u5236\u5b9a\u300c\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u884c\u70ba(Responsible Conduct of Research, RCR) \u300d\u70ba\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u6307\u5c0e\u539f\u5247\u50c5\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u7372\u5f97\u7d93\u8cbb\u88dc\u52a9\u7684\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b78\u6821\u55ae\u4f4d\u70ba\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u9700\u8981\u5404\u5225\u78ba\u8a8d\u5b78\u751f\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6309\u7167\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u6545\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u6709\u5b78\u751f\u5fc5\u9808\u63a5\u53d7 RCR \u8a13\u7df4\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u885e\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u9662 \uff08NIH) \u96a8\u4e4b\u8ddf\u9032\uff0cNIH\u516c\u544a\u8981\u6c42\u5b78\u751f\u5fc5\u9808\u63a5\u53d7 RCR \u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u4ee5\u56e0\u61c9\u5982\u4f55\u57f7\u884c\u5177\u6709\u767c\u5c55\u6027\u7684\u751f\u91ab\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u904b\u7528\u6301\u7e8c\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u65b0\u6280\u8853\u3002\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5167\u5bb9\u96d6\u4e0d\u751a\u5177\u9ad4\uff0c\u9f13\u52f5\u4f46\u4e0d\u5f37\u5236\u8981\u6c42\u9032\u884c\u4e00\u6574\u500b\u5b78\u671f\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8a08\u756b\uff0c\u4f46\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u516b\u5c0f\u6642\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u8005\u5728\u5834\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff08\u975e\u7dda\u4e0a\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff09\uff0c\u53d7\u8a13\u6709\u6548\u671f\u70ba\u56db\u5e74\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u9805\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u539f\u5247\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\uff1f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\uff1f\u5f9e\u300c\u500b\u4eba\u300d\u3001\u300c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u300d\u548c\u300c\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u5927\u773e\u300d\u4e09\u5927\u65b9\u9762\u8a0e\u8ad6\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u548c\u7fa9\u52d9\uff1a\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u8aa0\u4fe1\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u6240\u767c\u8868\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u5b8c\u6574\u4e14\u53ef\u4fe1\uff0c\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u7528\u65bc\u6216\u61c9\u8a72\u7528\u65bc\u77e5\u6703\u516c\u773e\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5be6\u969b\u4e0aRCR\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u69cb\u6210\u5305\u542b\u4eba\u5011\u719f\u6089\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8b70\u984c\uff1a\u6578\u64da\u7684\u865b\u69cb\u3001\u5229\u76ca\u885d\u7a81\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u3001\u5be6\u9a57\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u7167\u9867\u3001\u8cc7\u6599\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u53ca\u5206\u4eab\u3001\u6307\u5c0e\u767c\u8868\u548c\u540c\u5115\u5be9\u67e5\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4e3b\u984c\u90fd\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u537b\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u5957\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u548c\u898f\u7bc4\u3002\u4ee5 Carrie Buck \u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5f88\u96e3\u628a\u5b83\u6b78\u985e\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u4e0b\u3002\u4e00\u4f4dRCR\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u6388\u8ab2\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8981\u5728\u516b\u500b\u5c0f\u6642\u6db5\u84cb\u9019\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u66f4\u5225\u8aac\u8981\u56b4\u8085\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e00\u500b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u5c65\u884c\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u548c\u7fa9\u52d9\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5b78\u7fd2\u601d\u8003\u4e00\u9805\u65b0\u6280\u8853\u88ab\u6feb\u7528\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002RCR \u8ab2\u7a0b\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u7acb\u610f\u96d6\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u540c\u5f88\u591a\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u898f\u7ae0\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u4ecd\u662f\u672a\u77e5\u4e4b\u6578\u3002\u50c5\u50c5\u9760\u8457\u5b98\u65b9\u898f\u5b9a\u6700\u5c11\u6559\u5b78\u6642\u6578\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u5b78\u751f\u6703\u7e7c\u7e8c\u9032\u4fee\u66f4\u591a\u502b\u7406\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5462\uff1f\u7562\u7adf\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u6eff\u8db3\u300c\u5b98\u65b9\u8981\u6c42\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u662f\uff0cJesse Gelsinger\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u73fe\u4ecaRCR\u8ab2\u7a0b\u898f\u5b9a\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ecd\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u65b0\u578b\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbb\u7642\u6280\u8853\u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u719f\u5230\u6709\u88ab\u6feb\u7528\u6210\u707d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8a13\u7df4\u6bcf\u500b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u9032\u884c\u66f4\u6df1\u5c64\u3001\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u601d\u8003\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u66f4\u78ba\u5207\u7684\u8aaa\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u7a46\u514b\u5409\u63d0\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5ffd\u7565\u4fdd\u8b77\u53d7\u6e2c\u8005\u3001\u6c92\u6709\u8ff4\u907f\u6216\u9069\u7576\u7684\u8655\u7406\u5229\u76ca\u885d\u7a81\u7b49\u4fb5\u72af\u59a8\u5bb3\u767c\u751f\u3002\u5728\u300a\u57fa\u56e0\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u6700\u89aa\u5bc6\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u300b\u66f8\u4e2d\u6700\u5f8c\u5c0d\u300cJesse Gelsinger\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u6848\u4f8b\u300d\u7559\u4e0b\u4e00\u8b66\u60d5\u7684\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1aWilson \u535a\u58eb\u8207\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u6c92\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u544a\u77e5\u53c3\u8207\u8a66\u9a57\u8005\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6f5b\u5728\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ed6\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u5f9e\u52d5\u7269\u5be6\u9a57\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u6e2c\u8a66\u8005\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002Wilson \u535a\u58eb\u5728 2009\u5e74\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a57\u6709\u5e7e\u9805\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u806f\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u56e0\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u6709\u529b\u7684\u6307\u63a7\uff1b\u9019\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u539f\u8ad2\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u8eab\u517cIND\u7684\u6280\u8cc7\u8005\u4e14\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbb\u7642\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u7e3d\u88c1\uff0c\u6211\u63a5\u53d7\u64d4\u8ca0\u8d77\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8cac\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eba\u5011\u61f7\u7591\u9019\u548c Wilson\u535a\u58eb\u6301\u6709Genova \u516c\u53f8\u80a1\u4efd\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u80a1\u50f9\u56e0\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbb\u7642\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a57\u7684\u6210\u529f\u5927\u6f32\u3002\u6700\u521d\u4ed6\u5426\u8a8d\u81e8\u5e8a\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u90a3\u6642Genovo \u516c\u53f8\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u9019\u9805OTC\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6e2c\u8a66\u7684\u8d0a\u52a9\u8005\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5728\u4ed62009\u5e74\u6240\u5beb\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u627f\u8a8d\u96d6\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u6280\u8853\u4e0a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u727d\u626f\u65bc\u5176\u4e2d\u3002Wilson\u535a\u58eb\u8aac\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u521d\u6b65\u6307\u63a7\u60f3\u7684\u592a\u904e\u65bc\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u9019\u662f\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u4ee5\u6211\u8eab\u70ba\u516c\u53f8\u6295\u8cc7\u4eba\u89d2\u8272\u53ef\u80fd\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u885d\u7a81\u6709\u6240\u61f7\u7591\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u2026\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u4efb\u4f55\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a57\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u90fd\u6703\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6295\u8cc7\u4eba\u66f4\u52a0\u652f\u6301\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u5546\u696d\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u73fe\u5b58\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbb\u7642\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u5c0d\u53c3\u52a0 RCR\u8a13\u7df4\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u540c\u5b78\uff0c\u300c\u544a\u77e5\u4e26\u53d6\u5f97\u540c\u610f\u300d\u662f\u4fdd\u8b77\u53d7\u6e2c\u8005\u662f\u57fa\u790e\u539f\u5247\u3002\u300c\u77e5\u60c5\u4e14\u540c\u610f\u300d\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u5f8c\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7d10\u502b\u5821\u6cd5\u5178\uff08Nuremberg Code) \u5341\u9805\u539f\u5247\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9805\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u898f\u7bc4\u5728\u7d0d\u7cb9\u66b4\u884c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u5c0d\u4ee5\u4eba\u985e\u70ba\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u8a72\u6709\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u5f85\u9047\u3002\u77e5\u60c5\u4e14\u540c\u610f\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u8b93\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u89e3\u8aaa\u4e0b\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u4e86\u89e3\u6240\u6709\u53c3\u52a0\u6b64\u5be6\u9a57\u9805\u76ee\u53ef\u80fd\u9810\u671f\u7684\u4e0d\u4fbf\u548c\u5371\u96aa\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u500b\u4eba\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u7372\u5f97\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u7684\u540c\u610f\u3002\u53d6\u5f97\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u300c\u77e5\u60c5\u4e14\u540c\u610f\u300d\u662f\u8a72\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e3b\u6301\u4eba\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u3002RCR\u53d7\u8a13\u5b78\u751f\u6703\u5fc5\u9808\u8a8d\u77e5\u5230\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u64c1\u6709\u6709\u8a72\u516c\u53f8\u80a1\u4efd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u662f\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u53c3\u8207\u8a72\u9805\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a57\u7684\u8cc7\u683c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8a72\u9805\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a57\u7684\u6210\u529f\u5c07\u4f7f\u5176\u516c\u53f8\u80a1\u50f9\u4e0a\u6f32\uff0c\u5229\u76ca\u885d\u7a81\u6e05\u6670\u53ef\u898b\u3002Wilson \u56de\u61b6\u8d772009\u5e74OTC\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6e2c\u8a66\uff0c\u4ed6\u627f\u8a8d\u7576\u6642\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u8655\u5728\u5229\u76ca\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u7070\u8272\u5730\u5e36\uff1b\u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\uff0cWilson\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u80af\u5b9a\u662fRCR\u8ab2\u7a0b\u6a19\u6e96\u7db2\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u95dc\u65bc Carrie Buck \u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u88ab\u5217\u5165RCR \u8ab2\u7a0b\u7db1\u9818\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u8f03\u4f4e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u767c\u5c55 \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\u7684\u8aa4\u50b3\u8207\u76dc\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u512a\u751f\u5b78\u7684\u50b3\u64ad\u4e0a\u4e26\u4e0d\u7f55\u898b\u3002\u6e6f\u746a\u65af \u00b7 \u676d\u7279 \u00b7 \u6469\u6839 (Thomas Hunt Morgan) \u767c\u73fe\uff1a\u67d0\u55ae\u4e00\u57fa\u56e0\u5f88\u986f\u7136\u5730\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5df2\u8b49\u5be6\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u7279\u5fb5\u76f8\u95dc\uff08\u55ae\u57fa\u56e0\u7279\u5fb5\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u8b93\u4eba\u5011\u958b\u59cb\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u7279\u8cea\u4f8b\u5982\u72af\u7f6a\u50be\u5411\u53ca\u667a\u80fd\u969c\u7919\uff0c\u53ef\u85c9\u7531\u63a7\u5236\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u80b2\uff0c\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u5f9e\u4eba\u985e\u57fa\u56e0\u5eab\u4e2d\u53bb\u9664\u3002\u6469\u6839\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4e00\u6642\u851a\u70ba\u98a8\u6f6e\u30021935\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u570b48\u5dde\u4e2d\u670936\u5dde\u5f37\u529b\u63a8\u52d5\u7d76\u80b2\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7576\u6642\u4e5f\u6709\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u51fa\u8072\u53cd\u5c0d\u512a\u751f\u5b78\u30021938\u5e74\u96d6\u7136\u67091200\u4f4d\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7c3d\u7f72\u5c0d\u6297\u300c\u865b\u5047\u8207\u4e0d\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u7a2e\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0c\u4ecd\u820a\u767c\u751f\u7d0d\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u512a\u751f\u904b\u52d5\uff08\u55ae1935\u5e74\u5c31\u6709 56,000 \u4ef6\u7d76\u80b2\u6848\u4f8b)\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u51fa\u73fe\u6ec5\u7d76\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u4f01\u5716\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u512a\u751f\u5b78\u548c\u7d76\u80b2\u7684\u6cd5\u898f\u6703\u5b58\u5728\u66f4\u4e45\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u7dad\u591a\u5229\u4e9e \u00b7 \u5c3c\u723e\u65af\uff08Victoria Nourse\uff09\u5728\u300a\u9b6f\u83bd\u7684\u624b\u4e2d\uff1a\u65af\u91d1\u7d0d\u63a7\u8a34\u4fc4\u514b\u62c9\u8377\u99ac\u548c\u63a5\u8fd1\u52dd\u5229\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u512a\u751f\u5b78\uff08In Reckless Hands: Skinner v. Oklahoma and the Near Triumph of American Eugenics\uff09\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u65bc1942\u5e74\u505a\u51fa\u5c0d\u7d93\u5178\u6848\u4f8b\u7684\u5224\u6c7a\uff0c\u63a8\u7ffb\u5df4\u514b\u8c9d\u723e\u6848\u3002\u65af\u91d1\u7d0d\u6307\u51fa\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u516c\u5171\u77db\u76fe\uff1a\u79d1\u5b78\u4e00\u65e6\u51fa\u4e86\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5438\u6536\u539f\u672c\u60f3\u5c0d\u6297\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u6587\u5316\uff1b[\u2026\u2026.]\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u8f49\u8b6f\u6210\u516c\u5171\u6c1b\u570d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u7136\u7406\u8ad6\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u8b8a\u6210\u5802\u7687\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e3b\u5f35\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u80fd\u9810\u6599\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u4ee5\u79d1\u5b78\u4f5c\u5305\u88dd\u7684\u58d3\u8feb\u6027\u6216\u6ec5\u7a2e\u7684\u793e\u6703\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u537b\u4e0d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7814\u7a76\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u300a\u57fa\u56e0\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u6700\u89aa\u5bc6\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u300b\u66f8\u4e2d\u654d\u8ff0\u7684\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08Lysenkoism\uff09\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u8b66\u793a\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u30021920\u5e74\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u8aac\u670d\u53f2\u9054\u6797\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u590f\u5b63\u4f5c\u7269\u66b4\u9732\u5728\u60e1\u52a3\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u628a\u590f\u5b63\u4f5c\u7269\u91cd\u65b0\u6539\u9020\u6210\u51ac\u5b63\u4f5c\u7269\u3002\u9019\u7576\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5047\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u5b83\u537b\u548c\u75c5\u614b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u9ad4\u7cf8\u6709\u5176\u540c\u8cea\u6027\uff1b\u5728\u5171\u7522\u9ad4\u5236\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c92\u53d7\u904e\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8fb2\u6c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u64d4\u4efb\u91ab\u751f\u6216\u4e2d\u592e\u7e3d\u66f8\u8a18\uff0c\u590f\u5b63\u7684\u9ea5\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b8a\u51ac\u5b63\u7684\u9ea5\u5b50\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u98e2\u8352\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u7a46\u514b\u5409\u611f\u5606\uff1a\u5783\u573e\u79d1\u5b78\u652f\u6301\u6975\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u653f\u6b0a\uff0c\u6975\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u653f\u6b0a\u7522\u751f\u5783\u573e\u79d1\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u70ba\u5b78\u751f\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u7fa9\u66f4\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u300c\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u884c\u70ba\u300d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u88ab\u8a13\u7df4\u6210\u70ba\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u88ab\u57f9\u990a\u6210\u70ba\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u516c\u6c11\uff08Scientist-Citizens \uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u5011\u9700\u8981\u64d4\u8ca0\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u5927\u773e\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\u7576\u6709\u79d1\u5b78\u88ab\u6feb\u7528\u6216\u662f\u672a\u4ed4\u7d30\u8003\u616e\u7d50\u679c\u5373\u9032\u5165\u672a\u77e5\u9818\u57df\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u80a9\u8ca0\u767c\u51fa\u8b66\u544a\u8a0a\u606f\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u8207\u91cd\u4efb\u3002\u4efb\u52d9\u8271\u9245\u4e14\u9700\u6c42\u9f90\u5927\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7b2c115\u5c46\u570b\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d44\u6210\u8005\u5305\u542b8\u4f4d\u7267\u5e2b\u30017\u4f4d\u5ee3\u64ad\u812b\u53e3\u79c0\u4e3b\u6301\u4eba\u548c6\u4f4d\u6c7d\u8eca\u7d93\u92b7\u5546\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u537b\u53ea\u67091\u4f4d\u535a\u58eb\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u30021200\u4f4d\u7f8e\u570b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u57281938\u5e74\u7c3d\u540d\u9023\u7f72\u53cd\u5c0d\u512a\u751f\u5b78\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u8b66\u8a0a\u30021975\u5e74\u53c3\u52a0 Asilomar II \u6703\u8b70\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u66fe\u63d0\u51fa\u5c0dDNA \u91cd\u7d44\u6280\u8853\u5371\u96aa\u6027\u7684\u8cea\u7591\u3002CRISPR\/Cas9 \u57fa\u56e0\u7de8\u8f2f\u6280\u8853\u7684\u767c\u660e\u4eba\u73cd\u59ae\u4f5b.\u9053\u5f97\u7d0d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u9818\u5c0e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u66ab\u505c\u5c07\u6b64\u6280\u8853\u7528\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u80da\u80ce\u5e79\u7d30\u80de\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5728\u975e\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u57fa\u56e0\u7de8\u8f2f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u6b64\u6280\u8853\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u500b\u4fee\u6b63\u751f\u614b\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u9020\u798f\u74b0\u5883\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u9019\u500b\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6a5f\u9047\u4e5f\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5e36\u4f86\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u6b63\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u6a19\u6e96\u7684 RCR \u8ab2\u7a0b\u7db2\u9818\u5fc5\u9808\u64f4\u5c55\uff0c\u8b93\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u77ad\u89e3\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u793e\u6703\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002RCR \u8ab2\u7a0b\u7db2\u9818\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\uff08a) \u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u6feb\u7528\u79d1\u5b78\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u61c9\u5c0d\uff09\uff08b)\u65b0\u805e\u5831\u5c0e\u5c0d\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8aa4\u5c0e\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u61c9\u5c0d\uff09\uff08c)\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\uff08\u5982\u4f55\u5236\u5b9a\u79d1\u5b78\u653f\u7b56\uff09(d)\u4eba\u985e\u57fa\u56e0\u7de8\u8f2f\u7684\u502b\u7406\uff08\u589e\u5f37\u4eba\u985e\u57fa\u56e0\u80fd\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u502b\u7406\u9053\u5fb7\uff1f\uff09\uff08e)\u79d1\u5b78\u53c3\u8207\uff0c\uff08\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u5347\u5927\u773e\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7d20\u990a\uff09\u3002\u64f4\u5927\u5f8c\u7684 RCR \u8ab2\u7a0b\u61c9\u8a72\u8d85\u904e\u539f\u672c\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u516b\u5c0f\u6642\uff0c\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u5b78\u751f\u548c\u6559\u6388\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6642\u9593\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc RCR \u7684\u8b1b\u5e2b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5b8c\u6574\u4e00\u500b\u5b78\u671f\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u548c\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u6db5\u84cb\u64f4\u5145\u5f8c\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7db1\u8981\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u66f4\u80fd\u7b26\u5408\u57f9\u990a\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efb\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u627f\u8afe\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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1920\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7dad\u5409\u5c3c\u4e9e\u5dde\u4e00\u4f4d\u55ae\u89aa\u5abd\u5abd Emma Buck \u56e0\u6d41\u6d6a\u8857\u982d\u88ab\u902e\u88dc\u5f8c\u5e36\u81f3\u5e02\u653f\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u5169\u4f4d\u91ab\u751f\u6240\u505a\u7684\u7c97\u7565\u5fc3\u7406\u6e2c\u9a57\u65b7\u5b9a\u70baEmma Buck\u667a\u969c\uff0c\u88ab\u5f37\u5236\u9001\u53bb\u6536\u5bb9\u55ae\u4f4d\u3002\u800c\u597914\u6b72\u7684\u5973\u5152 Carrie Buck\uff0c\u5176\u5f8c\u5e7e\u5e74\u7531\u5bc4\u990a\u5bb6\u5ead\u6276\u990a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u537b\u906d\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u54e1\u5f37\u66b4\u800c\u61f7\u5b55\u3002Carrie\u7684\u990a\u7236\u6bcd\u70ba\u4e86\u64fa\u812b\u5979\uff0c\u53c8\u5c07\u5979\u5e36\u81f3\u540c\u4e00\u5e02\u5e9c\u6cd5\u5ead\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u5979\u6bcd\u89aa\u4e00\u6a23\uff0cCarrie\u4e5f\u88ab\u5224\u5b9a\u70ba\u667a\u969c\uff0c\u65bc1924\u5e74\u9001\u5165\u540c\u4e00\u6536\u5bb9\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u540c\u6642Carrie\u7684\u5973\u5152\u51fa\u751f\u5f8c\u4e5f\u88ab\u5e36\u8d70\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6536\u5bb9\u6240\u7684\u4e3b\u7ba1 Dr. Albert Priddy \u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u6975\u529b\u63a8\u52d5\u512a\u751f\u5b78\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u5c07\u5f37\u8feb\u7d55\u80b2\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u53bb\u9664\u6709\u4e0d\u826f\u907a\u50b3\u7684\u5f8c\u4ee3\u3002\u4ed6\u7a4d\u6975\u4e3b\u5f35\u8b93Carrie\u9032\u884c\u7d50\u7d2e\u624b\u8853\uff0c\u4e26\u9032\u5165\u8a34\u8a1f\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u7576\u6642\u793e\u5de5\u5ba3\u7a31\u5728\u5bc4\u990a\u4e2d\u7684\u516b\u500b\u6708\u5927\u5b30\u5152\u6709\u767c\u5c55\u9072\u7de9\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6cd5\u9662\u540c\u610f Priddy \u7d55\u80b2\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u5224\u6c7a\u4e0a\u8a34\u81f3\u7f8e\u570b\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c \u7531\u9996\u5e2d\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. \u5ba3\u5e03\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u5011\u4ee5\u516b\u6bd4\u4e00\u7684\u9ad8\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5224\u6c7aCarrie\u6557\u8a34\uff0c\u8a8d\u5b9a\u793e\u6703\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u90a3\u4e9b\u986f\u7136\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u7684\u4eba\u7e7c\u7e8c\u751f\u51fa\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u5f8c\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e09\u4ee3\u7684\u667a\u969c\u5df2\u7d93\u5920\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":34082,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[78,3293],"tags":[3108],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/getImage.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34081"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=34081"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34081\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":34088,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34081\/revisions\/34088"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/34082"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=34081"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=34081"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=34081"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}