{"id":33710,"date":"2019-03-27T00:19:15","date_gmt":"2019-03-26T16:19:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=33710"},"modified":"2019-04-22T11:50:32","modified_gmt":"2019-04-22T03:50:32","slug":"%e8%aa%9e%e8%a8%80%e7%9a%84%e8%a9%9e%e5%ba%8f%e6%9c%83%e5%bd%b1%e9%9f%bf%e8%aa%aa%e8%a9%b1%e8%80%85%e7%9a%84%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e8%a8%98%e6%86%b6%e5%97%8e%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=33710","title":{"rendered":"\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u8a5e\u5e8f\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\u55ce\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u738b\u51a0\u4e91<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u5e74\u5bae\u9b25\u5287\u6253\u5f97\u706b\u71b1\uff0c\u5404\u4f4d\u6232\u8ff7\u5011\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\u4e00\u982d\u683d\u5165\u5287\u60c5\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u8aaa\u8a71\u4e5f\u958b\u59cb\u52a0\u5165\u300c\u672c\u5bae\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5a18\u5a18\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5974\u624d\u300d\u7b49\u7a31\u547c\uff0c\u628a\u52fe\u5fc3\u9b25\u89d2\u7684\u5287\u60c5\u3001\u878d\u5165\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u5e73\u51e1\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7576\u4e2d\u4e86\u5462\uff1f\u9019\u7a2e\u5165\u6232\u592a\u6df1\uff0c\u8aaa\u8a71\u6d3b\u50cf\u53e4\u4ee3\u7687\u5bae\u8cb4\u65cf\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u8b93\u4eca\u5e741\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\u6642\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u5927\u9678\u50b3\u51fa\u5c01\u6bba\u5bae\u9b25\u5287\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u7576\u5730\u5b98\u65b9\u5831\u7d19\u5217\u8209\u4e86\u5bae\u9b25\u5287\u5f71\u97ff\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u8af8\u591a\u7f6a\u72c0\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u9ebc\u4f60\u76f8\u4fe1\u8a9e\u8a00\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u601d\u8003\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/b>\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c64\u9762\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u8a8d\u77e5\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u7d44\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u516b\u500b\u64c1\u6709\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u9032\u884c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u6e2c\u8a66\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u7d22\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u601d\u8003\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5967\u79d8\u3002Amici\u7b49\u4eba\u57282019\u5e74\u767c\u8868\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u4e2d\u5beb\u5230\uff0c\u8a9e\u8a00\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u8a9e\u8a00\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u611f\u77e5\uff08perceive\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\uff08conceptualize\uff09\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u6982\u5ff5\u7bc4\u7587\uff08conceptual categories\uff09\u6700\u6709\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u908a\u754c\uff08semantic boundaries\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u8a9e\u8a00\u5c0d\u65bc\u984f\u8272\u3001\u6578\u5b57\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u3001\u6642\u9593\u3001\u6c23\u5473\u7b49\u7528\u6cd5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5283\u5206\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8a9e\u7fa9\u6548\u679c\u5c0d\u65bc\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u53e5\u6cd5\u7d50\u69cb\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u53e5\u6cd5\u7d50\u69cb\u4e5f\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8655\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u540d\u8a5e\u548c\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u7684\u6b21\u5e8f\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u8a72\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u63d0\u53d6\u540d\u8a5e\u985e\u5225\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8207\u518d\u8a8d\u8a18\u61b6\uff08recognition memory\uff09\uff1b\u800c\u53ca\u7269\u6216\u4e0d\u53ca\u7269\u7d50\u69cb\u3001\u4e3b\u4e8b\u8207\u975e\u4e3b\u4e8b\u7d50\u69cb\uff08\u5982\uff1a\u6709\u4eba\u5f04\u7834\u4e86\u74f6\u5b50\uff0f\u74f6\u5b50\u7834\u4e86\uff09\uff0c\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u8a18\u4e0d\u8a18\u5f97\u300c\u8087\u4e8b\u8005\u300d\u662f\u8ab0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u8a8d\u77e5\u8868\u5fb5\uff08cognitive representation\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5373\u4e00\u6574\u500b\u5728\u5fc3\u667a\u4e2d\u5132\u5b58\u65bc\u9577\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u2014\u2014\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8a9e\u8a00\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e5f\u6703\u5728\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u6b77\u7a0b\uff08cognitive process\uff09\u4e2d\u7522\u751f\u5f71\u97ff\u5462\uff1f\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5011\u60f3\u518d\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/b>\u5169\u5927\u985e\u578b\u7684\u53e5\u6cd5\u7d50\u69cb = \u5169\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Amici\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u9996\u5148\u5c07\u5404\u7a2e\u8a9e\u8a00\u5206\u985e\u6210\u53f3\u5206\u652f\uff08right-branching\uff09\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u6216\u662f\u5de6\u5206\u652f\uff08left-branching\uff09\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u53f3\u5206\u652f\u8a9e\u8a00\u5982\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u6587\uff0c\u8a5e\u982d\u6703\u5148\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u624d\u51fa\u73fe\u7528\u4f86\u4fee\u98fe\u8a5e\u982d\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u8a5e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u82e5\u756b\u51fa\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u6a39\uff0c\u53f3\u908a\u6703\u6709\u6bd4\u8f03\u591a\u7684\u300c\u679d\u689d\u300d\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5de6\u5206\u652f\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f8b\u5982\u65e5\u8a9e\uff0c\u6703\u5148\u51fa\u73fe\u4fee\u98fe\u7528\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u624d\u51fa\u73fe\u8a5e\u982d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u6a39\u7684\u5de6\u908a\u6703\u6709\u6bd4\u8f03\u591a\u7684\u300c\u679d\u689d\u300d\u3002\u5be6\u9a57\u8005\u5206\u5225\u9078\u64c7\u4e86\u9019\u5169\u500b\u985e\u578b\u54044\u500b\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u74b0\u904a\u4e16\u754c\u53bb\u8a2a\u554f\u4e0d\u540c\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\u8aaa\u90a3\u4e9b\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u6bcd\u8a9e\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u70ba\u4e86\u6aa2\u9a57\u9019\u5169\u985e\u578b\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e4b\u6bcd\u8a9e\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5728\u8a8d\u77e5\u6b77\u7a0b\u4e0a\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5be6\u9a57\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u77ed\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\uff08short-tern memeroy\uff09\u6e2c\u8a66\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\uff08working memory\uff09\u6e2c\u8a66\u4f86\u6aa2\u9a57\u3002\u77ed\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u6e2c\u8a66\u662f\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u9583\u73fe\u523a\u6fc0\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u8b93\u5be6\u9a57\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u6309\u7167\u9806\u5e8f\u91cd\u65b0\u56de\u61b6\uff08recall\uff09\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73fe\u904e\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\uff1b\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\u6e2c\u8a66\u662f\u9700\u8981\u8acb\u5be6\u9a57\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u4e00\u908a\u8a18\u61b6\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u4e00\u908a\u5b8c\u6210\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5206\u5fc3\uff08distracting\uff09\u4efb\u52d9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u628a\u523a\u6fc0\u66ab\u5b58\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f85\u5206\u5fc3\u4efb\u52d9\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u624d\u6309\u7167\u9806\u5e8f\u56de\u61b6\u8a18\u61b6\u523a\u6fc0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u77ed\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u6e2c\u8a66\u5728\u5de6\u5206\u652f\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u548c\u53f3\u5206\u652f\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u6c92\u6709\u986f\u8457\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\u6e2c\u8a66\u5247\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u55ae\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4e14\u5e8f\u5217\u6027\u8655\u7406\u5be6\u9a57\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u9019\u500b\u6b77\u7a0b\uff0c\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u6b77\u7a0b\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u8655\u7406\u6b77\u7a0b\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u53f3\u5206\u652f\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u8a5e\u982d\u7387\u5148\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8a72\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5256\u6790\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u6642\u9593\u9ede\u8f03\u65e9\uff1b\u5de6\u5206\u652f\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u8a5e\u982d\u8f03\u665a\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u5728\u807d\u5230\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u90fd\u9084\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6a21\u51cc\u5169\u53ef\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u8a72\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\u628a\u8aaa\u5728\u524d\u982d\u7684\u8a5e\u5f59\u8a18\u4f4f\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u8f03\u665a\u7684\u6642\u9593\u9ede\u5256\u6790\u53e5\u5b50\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8a72\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\u7684\u5de6\u5206\u652f\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5728\u56de\u61b6\u6700\u521d\uff08initial\uff09\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u6bd4\u6700\u5f8c\uff08final\uff09\u523a\u6fc0\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6bd4\u53f3\u5206\u652f\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u597d\uff0c\u53f3\u5206\u652f\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u5247\u662f\u76f8\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/b>\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u8457\u591a\u5143\u601d\u8003\u908f\u8f2f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Amici\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u8a08\u756b\u6700\u68d2\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5c31\u662f\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e86\u5927\u6f20\u5927\u6d77\u53bb\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u63a5\u89f8\u8aaa\u8457\u5404\u7a2e\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u4eba\u5011\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u9019\u4e9b\u5f62\u5f62\u8272\u8272\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u53ef\u80fd\u7d66\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u5340\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u770b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7368\u7279\u8996\u91ce\u3002\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u601d\u8003\u4e4b\u9593\u5230\u5e95\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u591a\u5c11\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u500b\u5177\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u6027\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u9019\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u65b0\u5947\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc\u5c07\u53e5\u6cd5\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u8655\u7406\u806f\u60f3\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u8655\u7406\u6b77\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6536\u96c6\u4e86\u4f86\u81ea\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u7a81\u7834\u4e86\u6240\u8b02\u53ea\u6709\u300c\u767d\u4eba\u3001\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u7537\u6027\u300d\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u6a21\u5f0f\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e5f\u8b93\u4eba\u85c9\u6b64\u6df1\u601d\u4eba\u985e\u8207\u6587\u5316\u74b0\u5883\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u6e2c\u8a66\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\u4e5f\u548c\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u95b1\u8b80\u3001\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u6c7a\u3001\u6c7a\u7b56\u3001\u8a08\u756b\u7b49\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f88\u96e3\u8aaa\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u601d\u8003\u771f\u7684\u516b\u7aff\u5b50\u6253\u4e0d\u8457\u5440\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong> <\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Amici, F., S\u00e1nchez-Amaro, A., Sebasti\u00e1n-Enesco, C., Cacchione, T., Allritz, M., Salazar-Bonet, J., & Rossano, F. The word order of languages predicts native speakers\u2019 working memory. Scientific Reports<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 1124. 2019.<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Word order predicts a native speakers\u2019 working memory. ScienceDaily. 2019.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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