{"id":33329,"date":"2018-12-10T00:42:54","date_gmt":"2018-12-09T16:42:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=33329"},"modified":"2018-12-14T10:02:23","modified_gmt":"2018-12-14T02:02:23","slug":"hubbard-%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%ef%bc%88%e5%9b%9b%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a%e8%b2%bb%e7%b1%b3-hubbard-%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%ef%bc%9a%e7%b0%a1%e5%96%ae%e7%9a%84%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90%e4%ba%8b%e5%af%a6%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=33329","title":{"rendered":"Hubbard \u6a21\u578b\uff08\u56db\uff09\uff1a\u8cbb\u7c73 Hubbard \u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u4e8b\u5be6\uff08\u4e0b\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>\u25a0\u7dca\u63a5\u8457\u4e0a\u6587\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5728\u6b64\u4ecb\u7d39\u8cbb\u7c73 Hubbard \u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u600e\u9ebc\u7522\u751f\u9435\u78c1\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-33324\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/h41.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"312\" data-wp-pid=\"33324\">\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u856d\u7dad\u7ff0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728<a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=32901\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u524d\u6587\u4e2d<\/a>\u6211\u5011\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u8cbb\u7c73 Hubbard \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e26\u82b1\u4e86\u4e00\u9ede\u7a7a\u9593\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7576\u8e8d\u9077\u5e38\u6578 <em>t<\/em> \u8207\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528 <em>U<\/em> \u90fd\u4e0d\u70ba\u96f6\uff0c\u4f46\u5f8c\u8005\u9060\u5927\u65bc\u524d\u8005\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u4e8c\u968e\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u534a\u586b\u6eff\u7684\u6676\u683c\u5728\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0a\u6703\u504f\u597d\u76f8\u9130\u7684\u5169\u500b\u8cbb\u7c73\u5b50\u64c1\u6709\u53cd\u5411\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\uff0c\u9019\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u300c\u53cd\u9435\u78c1\u6027\u300d\uff08antiferromagnetism\uff09\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7269\u7406\u76f4\u89ba\u7d04\u7565\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u50c5\u50c5\u5169\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\u4e0d\u592a\u80fd\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u300c\u7269\u8cea\u76f8\u300d\u9810\u6e2c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5f8c\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5728\u71b1\u529b\u5b78\u6975\u9650\uff08thermodynamic limit\uff09\uff0c\u610f\u6307\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u8da8\u8fd1\u7121\u9650\u5927\u7684\u6642\u5019\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u7acb\u65b9\u6676\u683c\uff0c\u4e26\u8003\u616e\u8cbb\u7c73\u5b50\u50c5\u50c5\u80fd\u5728\u76f8\u9130\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\u9593\u8e8d\u9077\uff0c\u8b80\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u670d\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6676\u683c\u5176\u5be6\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u5716\u4e8c\u6240\u793a\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5340\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u500b\u5b50\u6676\u683c\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u7531\u767d\u8272\u5713\u5708\u548c\u9ed1\u8272\u5713\u5708\u8868\u793a\u3002\u6839\u64da\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u8e8d\u9077\u53ea\u80fd\u8b93\u5b83\u5011\u5f9e\u9ed1\u8df3\u5230\u767d\u6216\u767d\u8df3\u5230\u9ed1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u540c\u8272\u5713\u5708\u4e4b\u9593\u8e8d\u9077\u3002\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u6676\u683c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5340\u5206\u70ba\u9019\u6a23\u5169\u90e8\u5206\u6642\uff0c\u6578\u5b78\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b49\u660e\u57fa\u614b\u7684\u7e3d\u81ea\u65cb\u91cf\u662f\u5169\u985e\u5713\u5708\u6578\u76ee\u7684\u5dee\u9664\u4ee5 2\uff08Lieb \u5b9a\u7406\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5716\u4e00\u9019\u6a23\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u5e7e\u4f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ed1\u8272\u5713\u5708\u548c\u767d\u8272\u5713\u5708\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u57fa\u614b\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u89d2\u52d5\u91cf\u70ba 0 \uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5728\u53ef\u6578\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u81f3\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u5b9a\u57fa\u614b\u7684\u7e3d\u81ea\u65cb\u89d2\u52d5\u91cf\u662f 0\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_33325\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-33325\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-33325\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/h41-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"387\" data-wp-pid=\"33325\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/h41-1.png 1179w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/h41-1-800x619.png 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-33325\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e8c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u56b4\u683c\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u9019\u500b\u5728\u6709\u9650\u7cfb\u7d71\u8b49\u660e\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5b9a\u7406\u6c92\u6709\u8fa6\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u63a8\u5ee3\u5230\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7269\u8cea\u76f8\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u71b1\u529b\u5b78\u6975\u9650\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u8aaa\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u9019\u500b\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e0b\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u9435\u78c1\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u53cd\u9435\u78c1\u76f8\u9019\u500b\u63a8\u6e2c\u5247\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u53bb\u8b49\u5be6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u63db\u500b\u5e7e\u4f55\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u898b\u5716\u4e00\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6676\u683c\u7d50\u69cb\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 CuO \u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5b83\u7b26\u5408\u524d\u9762\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u500b\u5b50\u6676\u683c\u7684\u898f\u5247\uff08\u5728\u672c\u5716\u4e2d\u70ba\u85cd\u8272\u5713\u5708\u53ca\u7d05\u8272\u5713\u5708\uff09\u4f46\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u5713\u5708\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u986f\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6676\u683c\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u70baL*L\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u6709L*L\u500b\u85cd\u8272\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u67092L*L\u500b\u7d05\u8272\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5b9a\u7406\uff0c\u7e3d\u5171\u7684\u89d2\u52d5\u91cf\u70baL<sup>2<\/sup>\/2\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u9435\u78c1\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u82e5\u662f\u5728\u9435\u78c1\u76f8\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5247\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u67093L<sup>2<\/sup> \u3002\u9019\u88e1\u7684\u6de8\u78c1\u77e9\uff0c\u6216\u8aaa\u81ea\u65cb\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u76f8\u9130\u7684\u8cbb\u7c73\u5b50\u5011\u559c\u6b61\u5c07\u81ea\u65cb\u64fa\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u6bd4\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u591a\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u7d2f\u7a4d\u51fa\u7684\u5de8\u89c0\u78c1\u77e9\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u6de8\u78c1\u77e9\u4f46\u9084\u5dee\u9435\u78c1\u4e00\u6bb5\u8def\u7684\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7a31\u70ba\u4e9e\u9435\u78c1\u6027\uff08ferrimagnetism\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e5f\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u6211\u5011\u900f\u904e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8aaa\u524d\u6587\u4e2d\u5169\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\u3001\u5169\u500b\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u73a9\u5177\u6a21\u578b\uff09\u4f86\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u5efa\u7acb\u76f4\u89ba\uff0c\u771f\u7684\u5de8\u89c0\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u5f80\u5f80\u9084\u80fd\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u5011\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u6676\u683c\u7684\u5e7e\u4f55\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u5c0d\u7269\u8cea\u76f8\u7522\u751f\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5728\u4e4b\u5f8c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u81e8\u754c\u73fe\u8c61\u6642\u5c07\u518d\u6b21\u51fa\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7d93\u6b77\u5e7e\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u75b2\u52de\u8f5f\u70b8\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u638c\u63e1\u4e00\u4e9b\u95dc\u65bc\u8cbb\u7c73 Hubbard \u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5c0f\u76f4\u89ba\uff081\uff09\u5728 <em>U<\/em> =0 \u6975\u9650\u7cfb\u7d71\u6c92\u6709\u9435\u78c1\u6027\uff082\uff09\u534a\u586b\u6eff\u8207\u5f37\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c\u76f8\u9130\u7684\u6676\u683c\u6bd4\u8f03\u504f\u597d\u53cd\u9435\u78c1\u6027\u3002\u82e5\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u8981\u63a2\u7a76\u9435\u78c1\u6027\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u9435\u78c1\u6027\u5fc5\u7136\u8ddf\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u6578\u5b78\u4e0a\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b49\u660e\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\u6211\u5011\u5728 <em>U<\/em> = 0 \u7684\u6975\u9650\u6709\u660e\u78ba\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u55ae\u7c92\u5b50\u80fd\u8b5c\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6253\u958b\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u5927\u65bc\u6574\u500b\u8cbb\u7c73\u6d77\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u9435\u78c1\u6027\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u6709\u4e86\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u7372\u5f97\u9435\u78c1\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9084\u5f97\u9060\u96e2\u534a\u586b\u6eff\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u8981\u8003\u616e\u4e00\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\u4e0a\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7c92\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f9e\u4e4b\u524d\u57f9\u990a\u7684\u76f4\u89ba\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u555f\u793a\u5f8c\uff0c\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u770b\u770b\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u57f9\u990a\u65b0\u7684\u76f4\u89ba\u4e26\u6d1e\u6089\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u7522\u751f\u9435\u78c1\u6027\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_33326\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-33326\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-33326\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/h41-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"399\" data-wp-pid=\"33326\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-33326\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u770b\u770b\u5716 \u4e09(A) \uff0c\u5728\u9019\u908a\u6211\u5011\u8003\u616e\u4e09\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u88e1\u9762\u653e\u5169\u500b\u8cbb\u7c73\u5b50\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u65cb\u5411\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u65cb\u5411\u4e0b\u3002\u8ddf\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u90fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8003\u616e\u5141\u8a31\u4e0d\u540c\u7bc0\u9ede\u9593\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8e8d\u9077\u5e38\u6578\uff1a\u5728\u7bc0\u9ede (1) \u8207 (2) \u548c\u7bc0\u9ede (2) \u8207 (3) \u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u8e8d\u9077\u5e38\u6578\u662f<em>t\u2019<\/em>\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u7bc0\u9ede (1) \u8207 (3) \u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u8e8d\u9077\u5e38\u6578\u662f <em>t<\/em> \u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e4d\u770b\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u65cb\u5411\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u65cb\u5411\u4e0b\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u52a0\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u61c9\u8a72\u662f 0\u2014\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u5168\u8c8c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u756b\u7684\u7bad\u982d\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6307\u81ea\u65cb\u5728 z \u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u80fd\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u7d44\u614b\u5728 z \u65b9\u5411\u6c92\u6709\u6de8\u81ea\u65cb\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u8fa6\u6cd5\u5149\u770b\u8457\u5716 2(A) \u5c31\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7d71\u57fa\u614b\u7684\u7e3d\u81ea\u65cb\u3002\u5728\u5169\u500b\u81ea\u65cb 1\/2 \u7c92\u5b50\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u7e3d\u81ea\u65cb\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u81ea\u65cb 0 \u6216\u8005\u81ea\u65cb 1\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u7684 S<sub>z<\/sub> \u6beb\u7121\u9078\u64c7\u53ea\u80fd\u662f 0 \uff0c\u7136\u800c\u81ea\u65cb 1 \u53ef\u4ee5\u6709 Sz=\u00b11,0 ,\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u8981\u4f86\u770b\u9019\u500b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u614b\uff0c\u662f\u81ea\u65cb 0 \uff0c\u9084\u662f\u81ea\u65cb 1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7a0d\u7a0d\u63d2\u64ad\u4e00\u9ede\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u5982\u5716\u4e09(A) \u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8207\u5169\u500b\u81ea\u65cb\u4ea4\u63db\u5f8c\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u9032\u884c\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8b8a\u6210\u81ea\u65cb 0 \u6216\u8005\u81ea\u65cb 1\u3002\u5728\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9019\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u9ede\u7dda\u7d22\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u7cbe\u795e\u5230\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u2014\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u770b\u770b\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u6a5f\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u5716 2(A) \u4e2d\u7684\u5169\u500b\u81ea\u65cb\u5c0d\u8abf\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u5716\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u8003\u616e <em>U<\/em> \u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6975\u9650\uff08\u6240\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u6389\u5169\u500b\u7c92\u5b50\u585e\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u9ede\u4e0a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff09\u6211\u5011\u628a\uff08\u4e00\u7a2e\uff09\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6b65\u9a5f\u756b\u5728\u5716 2(B)\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u6211\u5011\u8b93 (2) \u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u79fb\u5230 (3)\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u628a (1) \u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u79fb\u5230 (2)\uff0c\u518d\u628a (3) \u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u79fb\u5230 (1)\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u4e09\u6b65\u9a5f\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u7684\u632f\u5e45\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u5169\u500b <em>t\u2019<\/em> \u8ddf\u4e00\u500b&nbsp;<em>t<\/em> \u3002\u7d93\u9a57\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011 <em>t\u2019<\/em> \u8207&nbsp;<em>t<\/em> \u662f\u5426\u540c\u865f\u5c07\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_33327\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-33327\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-33327\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/h41-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"433\" data-wp-pid=\"33327\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-33327\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u56db<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u7136\u5f8c\u6211\u5011\u9032\u884c\u8a8d\u771f\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u4efb\u610f\u7684 <em>U<\/em> \u503c\uff0c\u9019\u554f\u984c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4e0d\u96e3\uff0c\u662f\u500b\u9023\u7b46\u8005\u90fd\u6703\u7684 9*9 \u77e9\u9663\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5728\u5716\u56dbA\u3001B \u4e2d\u5206\u5225\u8003\u616e<em> t\u2019,t<\/em> \u540c\u865f\u8207\u7570\u865f\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u756b\u51fa\u4e86\u6700\u4f4e\u80fd\u91cf\u614b\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u91cf\u5b50\u6578\u8207\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u5169\u500b\u80fd\u91cf\u96a8\u8457 <em>U<\/em> \u503c\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u6211\u5011\u767c\u73fe \u5716\u56dbB \u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u614b\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u57fa\u672c\u70ba 0 \uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u9806\u4f4d\u4e0a\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8b8a\u52d5\u3002\u5716\u56dbA \u5247\u6bd4\u8f03\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u7576 <em>U<\/em> \u503c\u5927\u65bc\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6700\u4f4e\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u7d44\u614b\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u4ea4\u53c9\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u57fa\u614b\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u5f9e 0 \u8df3\u5230\u4e86 1\uff01\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u7522\u751f\u9435\u78c1\u6027\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u90e8\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7684\u76f4\u89ba\uff1a<em>t\u2019,t<\/em> \u7570\u540c\u865f\u8207\u8db3\u5920\u5927\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u78c1\u6027\u90fd\u6709\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u91dd\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e00\u4e9b\u7c21\u55ae\u7269\u7406\u5716\u50cf\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u5c31\u66ab\u6642\u6253\u4f4f\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5617\u8a66\u7814\u7a76\u534a\u586b\u6eff Hubbard \u6a21\u578b\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u76f8\u8b8a\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong>H. Tasaki, arXiv: cond-mat\/9512169 (1997).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u672c\u7cfb\u5217\u5168\u6587\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=32899\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hubbard \u6a21\u578b\uff08\u3127\uff09\uff1a\u52d5\u6a5f\u8207\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=32900\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hubbard \u6a21\u578b\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u73bb\u8272 Hubbard \u6a21\u578b<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=32901\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hubbard \u6a21\u578b\uff08\u4e09\uff09\uff1a\u8cbb\u7c73 Hubbard \u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u4e8b\u5be6\uff08\u4e0a\uff09<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=33329\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hubbard \u6a21\u578b\uff08\u56db\uff09\uff1a\u8cbb\u7c73 Hubbard \u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u4e8b\u5be6\uff08\u4e0b\uff09<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=33391\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hubbard \u6a21\u578b\uff08\u4e94\uff09\uff1a\u81ea\u65cb\u6db2\u9ad4\u8207\u50f9\u9375\u56fa\u9ad4<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>--<br \/>\n\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u856d\u7dad\u7ff0\uff0c\u81fa\u5927\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7562\u696d\u5f8c\u9003\u5230\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\uff0c\u5439\u98a8\u5439\u96ea\u4e4b\u9918\uff0c\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u8b80\u535a\u58eb\u73ed\u3002\u53ef\u60dc\u96e2\u958b\u81fa\u7063\u5f8c\u7121\u6d77\u53ef\u770b\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u6e56\u65c1\u63c0\u4e00\u65b9\u5824\u5cb8\uff0c\u507d\u88dd\u6210\u770b\u6d77\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7279\u7d04\u5beb\u624b\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\u5beb\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u5728\u524d\u6587\u4e2d\u6211\u5011\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u8cbb\u7c73 Hubbard \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e26\u82b1\u4e86\u4e00\u9ede\u7a7a\u9593\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7576\u8e8d\u9077\u5e38\u6578 t \u8207\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528 U \u90fd\u4e0d\u70ba\u96f6\uff0c\u4f46\u5f8c\u8005\u9060\u5927\u65bc\u524d\u8005\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u4e8c\u968e\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u534a\u586b\u6eff\u7684\u6676\u683c\u5728\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0a\u6703\u504f\u597d\u76f8\u9130\u7684\u5169\u500b\u8cbb\u7c73\u5b50\u64c1\u6709\u53cd\u5411\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\uff0c\u9019\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u300c\u53cd\u9435\u78c1\u6027\u300d\uff08antiferromagnetism\uff09\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":33324,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,39],"tags":[3998,2793],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/h41.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33329"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=33329"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33329\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33402,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33329\/revisions\/33402"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/33324"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=33329"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=33329"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=33329"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}