{"id":33206,"date":"2018-11-30T00:49:35","date_gmt":"2018-11-29T16:49:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=33206"},"modified":"2019-02-26T16:43:12","modified_gmt":"2019-02-26T08:43:12","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%8f%b2%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%8d%81%e4%b8%80%e6%9c%88%e3%80%911974-%e5%b9%b4-11-%e6%9c%88%ef%bc%9a%e9%ad%85%e5%a4%b8%e5%85%8b%e7%9a%84%e7%99%bc%e7%8f%be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=33206","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7269\u7406\u53f2\u4e2d\u7684\u5341\u4e00\u6708\u30111974 \u5e74 11 \u6708\uff1a\u9b45\u5938\u514b\u7684\u767c\u73fe"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>1974\u5e7411\u6708\uff1a\u9b45\u5938\u514b\u7684\u767c\u73fe<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u856d\u5982\u73c0\u3001\u694a\u4fe1\u7537\uff08\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7cfb\uff09\uff08\u8b6f\u81ea&nbsp;<em>APS News<\/em>\uff0c2017 \u5e74 11 \u6708\uff09<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_33208\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-33208\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-33208\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/001-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" data-wp-pid=\"33208\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-33208\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo: Wikimedia Commons<br \/> \u4e01\u8087\u4e2d\u5728\u5e03\u9b6f\u514b\u8d6b\u6587\u570b\u5bb6\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u5938\u514b\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u6a19\u6e96\u6a21\u578b\u7c92\u5b50\u5bb6\u65cf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u652f\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u9b45\u5938\u514b\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u537b\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u7d71\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u5341\u4e00\u6708\u9769\u547d\u300d\u2500\u2500\u5b83\u5e7e\u4e4e\u540c\u6642\u7531\u5169\u500b\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4eba\u6240\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u5169\u7d44\u4e0d\u540c\u5718\u968a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u6240\u767c\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1930 \u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\u524d\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u4ee5\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u7d44\u6210\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u6210\u5206\u5df2\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5716\u50cf\uff1a\u96fb\u5b50\u3001\u8cea\u5b50\u3001\u4e2d\u5b50\u3001\u5fae\u4e2d\u5b50\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u548c\u5b83\u5011\u76f8\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684\u53cd\u7c92\u5b50\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c1936 \u5e74\u91cd\u91cf\u7d1a\u96fb\u5b50\u300c\u7df2\u5b50\u300d\u7684\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u50cf\u4e00\u9846\u66f2\u7403\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u5730\u51fa\u4e4e\u9810\u6599\uff0c\u8b93\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u7576\u5e74\u62c9\u6bd4\uff08I. I. Rabi\uff0c1944 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\uff09\u8aaa\u5f97\u8cbc\u5207\uff1a\u300c\u90a3\u662f\u8ab0\u8a02\u8cfc\u7684\uff1f\u300d\u800c\u96a8\u8457\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4ee5\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u78b0\u649e\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f4\u5230 1964 \u5e74\u624d\u51fa\u73fe\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u84cb\u723e\u66fc\uff08Murray Gell-Mann\uff0c1969 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\uff09\u548c\u6b21\u5916\u683c\uff08George Zweig\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u8aaa\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u65b0\u7c92\u5b50\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u90fd\u7531\u66f4\u5c0f\u3001\u66f4\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u53eb\u505a\u300c\u5938\u514b\u300d\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7d44\u5408\u3002\u300c\u5938\u514b\u300d\u4f86\u81ea\u611b\u723e\u862d\u4f5c\u5bb6\u55ac\u4f0a\u65af\uff08James Joyce\uff09\u7684\u9577\u7bc7\u5c0f\u8aaa\u300a\u82ac\u5c3c\u6839\u7684\u5b88\u9748\u591c\u300b\uff08<em>Finnegan\u2019s Wake<\/em>\uff09\u4e2d\u4e00\u53e5\u77e5\u540d\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\u8a69\u53e5\u3008Three quarks for Muster Mark!\u3009\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u63a8\u6e2c\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u7b2c\u56db\u500b\u5938\u514b\uff0c\u4f46\u65bc 1970 \u5e74\uff0c\u683c\u62c9\u8096\uff08Sheldon Glashow\uff0c1979 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\uff09\u3001\u4f0a\u7565\u666e\u6d1b\u65af\uff08John Iliopoulos\uff09\u3001\u548c\u6885\u5b89\u5c3c\uff08Luciano Maiani\uff09\u660e\u78ba\u5c0d\u7b2c\u56db\u500b\u5938\u514b\u5b58\u5728\u505a\u4e86\u9810\u6e2c\uff0c\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u5c1a\u672a\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u9810\u671f\u7c92\u5b50\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u70ba\u5373\u5c07\u5230\u4f86\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u767c\u73fe\u5960\u4e0b\u4e86\u57fa\u790e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7d10\u7d04\u9577\u5cf6\u5e03\u9b6f\u514b\u8d6b\u6587\u570b\u5bb6\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\uff08Brookhaven National Laboratory\uff09\u7684\u4e01\u8087\u4e2d\u9818\u5c0e\u4e00\u500b\u627e\u5c0b\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ad8\u901f\u7684\u8cea\u5b50\u88ab\u5c04\u81f3\u6a19\u9776\u9239\uff0c\u4ee5\u7522\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65b0\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u4f7f\u7528\u78c1\u5834\u548c\u63a2\u6e2c\u5668\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u4f86\u904e\u6ffe\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e01\u8087\u4e2d\u7684\u96d9\u89aa\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5dde\u5b89\u7d0d\u4fdd\u8a2a\u554f\u671f\u9593\u65e9\u7522\u751f\u4e0b\u4e86\u5152\u5b50\uff0c\u4e01\u8087\u4e2d\u65bc\u662f\u6210\u70ba\u7f8e\u570b\u516c\u6c11\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e4b\u5f8c\u56de\u5230\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u4f46\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u4e2d\u65b7\u4e86\u4e01\u8087\u4e2d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u572812\u6b72\u4e4b\u524d\u4ed6\u4e3b\u8981\u90fd\u5728\u7956\u6bcd\u7684\u76e3\u7763\u4e0b\u5c45\u5bb6\u5b78\u7fd2\u30021949 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\u7c92\u5b50\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u90a3\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u59d3\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u5f88\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u59a5\u5354\u628a\u5169\u8005\u7d44\u5408\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9b45\u5938\u514b\u5c31\u6b63\u5f0f\u53eb\u505a J\/\u03c8 \u7c92\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_33209\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-33209\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-33209\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/002-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"284\" data-wp-pid=\"33209\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-33209\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo:Wikimedia Commons<br \/> \u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u7684SPEAR\u52a0\u901f\u5668<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u82ae\u8d6b\u7279\u548c\u4e01\u8087\u4e2d\u65bc 1976 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