{"id":33125,"date":"2018-11-23T00:33:14","date_gmt":"2018-11-22T16:33:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=33125"},"modified":"2018-12-06T10:34:10","modified_gmt":"2018-12-06T02:34:10","slug":"%e3%80%8c%e6%9c%80%e8%a1%b0%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%8d%e6%98%af%e6%88%91%e3%80%8d%c2%ac-%e5%b0%8f%e5%bf%83%e8%90%bd%e5%85%a5%e6%a8%82%e8%a7%80%e5%81%8f%e8%aa%a4%e9%99%b7%e9%98%b1%ef%bc%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=33125","title":{"rendered":"\u300c\u6700\u8870\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u300d\u2014\u2014\u5c0f\u5fc3\u843d\u5165\u6a02\u89c0\u504f\u8aa4\u9677\u9631\uff01"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u25a0\u4f60\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u500b\u5b89\u5168\u99d5\u99db\uff0c\u51fa\u8eca\u798d\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u6bd4\u5225\u4eba\u4f4e\u55ce\uff1f\u4f60\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a8d\u771f\u3001\u5538\u66f8\u8a8d\u771f\uff0c\u88ab\u7092\u9b77\u9b5a\u6216\u88ab\u9000\u5b78\u4e5f\u8f2a\u4e0d\u5230\u4f60\u55ce\uff1f\u4f60\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u5065\u5eb7\u72c0\u6cc1\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u67d3\u4e0a\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\u6216\u662f\u86c0\u7259\u55ce\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u90a3\u9ebc\u6709\u81ea\u4fe1\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3\u4e00\u9ede\u56c9\uff01\u4f60\u8d8a\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5c31\u8d8a\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u767c\u4e0d\u5207\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u6a02\u89c0\u504f\u8aa4\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u738b\u51a0\u4e91<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u25cf\u6a02\u89c0\u504f\u8aa4\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u96e3\u9053\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u6b63\u5411\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u614b\u5ea6\u55ce\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u300c\u6a02\u89c0\u504f\u8aa4\u300d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u662f1980\u5e74\u7531Weinstein\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5c07\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u6b63\u5411\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08positive events\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ca0\u5411\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08negative events\uff09\u5217\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u8acb\u7814\u7a76\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u8a55\u4f30\u3002\u8a55\u4f30\u6642\uff0c\u8acb\u7814\u7a76\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u56de\u7b54\u300c\u548c\u60a8\u540c\u6a23\u6027\u5225\u53ca\u5e74\u9f61\u7684\u4ed6\u4eba\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u60a8\u8a8d\u70ba\u60a8\u906d\u9047\u4e0b\u5217\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u70ba\u4f55\uff1f\u300d\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u3002\u56de\u7b54\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5f9e15\u500b\u767e\u5206\u7b49\u7d1a\u63cf\u8ff0\uff08\u5982\uff1a\u5c11\u6389100%\u3001\u5c11\u638980%\u3001\u591a\u4e8620%\u3001\u591a\u4e8640%\u7b49\uff09\u4e2d\u9078\u64c7\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u5df1\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u5408\u9069\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u81ea\u5df1\u300d\u906d\u9047\u4e0d\u5e78\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u6bd4\u300c\u4ed6\u4eba\u300d\u9084\u8981\u4f4e\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8a72\u4e8b\u4ef6\u662f\u96a8\u6a5f\u767c\u751f\u5728\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u4ecd\u7136\u6a02\u89c0\u7684\u770b\u5f85\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8655\u5883\uff0c\u800c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u4eba\u6bd4\u8d77\u81ea\u5df1\u9084\u8981\u66f4\u52a0\u300c\u5012\u6963\u300d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u5728\u9019\u500b\u793e\u6703\u7fa4\u9ad4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u906d\u9047\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u6bd4\u5225\u4eba\u4f4e\u3001\u597d\u4e8b\u964d\u81e8\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u6bd4\u5225\u4eba\u9ad8\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u904e\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5207\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u6a02\u89c0\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u300c\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027\u932f\u8aa4\uff08systematic error\uff09\u300d\u3002\u5c31\u6574\u500b\u7fa4\u9ad4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7d42\u7a76\u90fd\u9084\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u7684\u4eba\u6703\u767c\u751f\u8af8\u5982\u5fc3\u81df\u75c5\u3001\u4e2d\u98a8\u3001\u8eca\u798d\u7b49\u4e0d\u5e78\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e00\u5b9a\u53ea\u6709\u67d0\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u9806\u5229\u5347\u9077\u3001\u64c1\u6709\u9ad8\u8d77\u85aa\u3001\u627e\u5230\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u300c\u6a02\u89c0\u504f\u8aa4\u300d\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u6703\u5fd8\u8a18\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u5012\u6963\u9b3c\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5fd8\u8a18\u81ea\u5df1\u4e26\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u90a3\u500b\u5e78\u904b\u5152\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u78ba\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u5f97\u5230\u5e78\u904b\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u6bd4\u5225\u4eba\u9ad8\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u78ba\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u6bd4\u4ed6\u4eba\u66f4\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u906d\u9047\u8ca0\u9762\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u653f\u5e9c\u5065\u5eb7\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u63a8\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u6a02\u89c0\u504f\u8aa4\u5f71\u97ff<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 \u6574\u500b\u7fa4\u9ad4\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u90fd\u6301\u6709\u300c\u6a02\u89c0\u504f\u8aa4\u300d\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u5c0d\u65bc\u653f\u5e9c\u63a8\u884c\u5065\u5eb7\u7ba1\u7406\u653f\u7b56\u9020\u6210\u83ab\u5927\u7684\u56f0\u64fe\u3002\u4ee5\u65b0\u6d41\u611f\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u4eba\u6bd4\u8d77\u81ea\u5df1\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6703\u964d\u4f4e\u63a5\u7a2eH1N1\u7684\u75ab\u82d7\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u4ee5\u7537\u6027\u7684\u524d\u5217\u817a\u6aa2\u67e5\u63a8\u5ee3\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u6bd4\u8d77\u8b93\u4eba\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u63a5\u53d7\u6aa2\u67e5\u7684\u610f\u9858\u4e5f\u6703\u8f03\u4f4e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u7684\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u90fd\u4fdd\u6301\u8457\u6a02\u89c0\u504f\u8aa4\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebd\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f\u5ba3\u5c0e\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u7a92\u7919\u96e3\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4eba\u5011\u904e\u5ea6\u6a02\u89c0\u5730\u770b\u5f85\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5f97\u75c5\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u5a92\u9ad4\u8207\u653f\u5e9c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u300c\u5371\u8a00\u8073\u807d\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u610f\u5916\u6216\u662f\u793e\u6703\u8b70\u984c\u7b49\u6709\u95dc\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u6a02\u89c0\u504f\u8aa4\u7684\u9ad8\u76f8\u95dc\u56e0\u7d20\u6709\u4e09\u500b\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u300c\u6a02\u89c0\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\u4f5c\u7528\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u300c\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u6027\uff08perceived controllability\uff09\u300d\u4ee5\u53ca\u300c\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u986f\u8457\u6027\uff08stereotype salience\uff09\u300d\u90fd\u548c\u504f\u8aa4\u6709\u95dc\u806f\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u6027\u300d\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8a72\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c0d\u65bc\u500b\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ed8\u51fa\u8a31\u591a\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e8b\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u770b\u4f3c\u53ef\u4ee5\u300c\u64cd\u4e4b\u5728\u5df1\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u6642\u4eba\u5011\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u9ad8\u4f30\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u904e\u5ea6\u6709\u81ea\u4fe1\u7684\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u61c9\u8a72\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5e78\u4e26\u9081\u5411\u5e78\u904b\u7684\u5eb7\u838a\u5927\u9053\u3002\u800c\u300c\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u986f\u8457\u6027\u300d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u8a72\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5728\u500b\u9ad4\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u90fd\u53ea\u6709\u300c\u67d0\u4e00\u985e\u300d\u7684\u4eba\u5bb9\u6613\u906d\u9047\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8aaa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u62b1\u6301\u8457\u300c\u6703\u86c0\u7259\u7684\u4eba\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e73\u5e38\u5403\u5f88\u591a\u751c\u98df\u3001\u624b\u6416\u676f\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u5403\u9e79\u98df\u3001\u71b1\u98df\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u4e0d\u6703\u86c0\u7259\u5427\u300d\u9019\u6a23\u5b50\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u7b49\u65bc\u662f\u8b93\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5916\u5728\u5f62\u8c61\u548c\u5178\u578b\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7259\u9f52\u6e05\u6f54\u7fd2\u6163\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u6a02\u89c0\u504f\u8aa4\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u90a3\u9ebd\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8fa6\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u504f\u8aa4\u55ce\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u70ba\u4e86\u4e0d\u8981\u8b93\u81ea\u5df1\u904e\u5ea6\u6c88\u6eba\u5728\u4e0d\u5207\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u6a02\u89c0\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6642\u6642\u8b66\u60d5\u81ea\u5df1\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u5145\u5206\u4ea4\u6d41\u4ee5\u53ca\u771f\u5be6\u500b\u4eba\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6e1b\u5c11\u504f\u8aa4\u3002\u4ee5\u75be\u75c5\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u5438\u6536\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u82e5\u89ba\u5f97\u885b\u751f\u6559\u80b2\u63a8\u5ee3\u5f88\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u61c9\u8a72\u900f\u904e\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u4ee5\u53ca\u5207\u5165\u9ede\u4f86\u52a0\u5f37\u8a0a\u606f\u7684\u50b3\u64ad\u3002\u800c\u62dc\u4eca\u65e5\u79d1\u6280\u767c\u5c55\u4e4b\u8cdc\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u50b3\u7d71\u4e0a\u900f\u904e\u707d\u5bb3\u60c5\u5883\u6a21\u64ec\u7b49\u5ba3\u5c0e\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u865b\u64ec\u5be6\u5883\uff08VR\uff09\u88dd\u7f6e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u500b\u9ad4\u9ad4\u9a57\u4e0d\u5e78\u4e8b\u4ef6\u82e5\u767c\u751f\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u8eab\u4e0a\u6642\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u611f\u89ba\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4eba\u5011\u843d\u5165\u4ee5\u70ba\u300c\u4e0d\u5e78\u300d\u7e3d\u662f\u96e2\u81ea\u5df1\u597d\u9059\u9060\uff0c\u300c\u5e78\u904b\u300d\u7e3d\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u8eab\u908a\u7684\u504f\u8aa4\u7576\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Weinstein, N. D. Unrealistic optimism about future life events. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39<\/em>(5), 806-820. (1980)<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Lu, H. Y., Andrews, J. E., & Hou, H. Y. Optimistic bias, information seeking and intention to undergo prostate cancer screening: A Taiwan study on male adults. Journal of Men's Health<\/em>, 6<\/em>(3), 183-190. (2009).<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u76e7\u9d3b\u6bc5\u3001\u8a31\u5bcc\u76db\u3001\u4faf\u5fc3\u96c5\u3008\u6a02\u89c0\u504f\u8aa4\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u6548\u80fd\u3001\u793e\u6703\u4fe1\u4efb\u8207\u65b0\u6d41\u611f\u75ab\u82d7\u63a5\u7a2e\u610f\u9858\u3009\u3002\u300a\u50b3\u64ad\u8207\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u520a\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c22 \u671f\uff0c\u9801135\u2013158\u3002(2012)\u3002<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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