{"id":33050,"date":"2018-11-08T00:26:47","date_gmt":"2018-11-07T16:26:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=33050"},"modified":"2018-12-19T16:33:49","modified_gmt":"2018-12-19T08:33:49","slug":"%e3%80%90%e6%8e%a2%e7%b4%a220-1%e3%80%91%e5%be%9e%e5%9c%96%e9%9d%88%e6%b8%ac%e8%a9%a6%e5%88%b0%e5%be%ae%e8%bb%9f%e5%b0%8f%e5%86%b0%ef%bc%9a%e4%ba%ba%e5%b7%a5%e6%99%ba%e6%85%a7%e7%9a%84%e6%bc%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=33050","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u63a2\u7d2220-1\u3011\u5f9e\u5716\u9748\u6e2c\u8a66\u5230\u5fae\u8edf\u5c0f\u51b0\uff1a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u7684\u6f14\u9032\u8207\u5c55\u671b"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_33097\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-33097\" style=\"width: 450px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-33097\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/20-1-pixabay.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"312\" data-wp-pid=\"33097\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-33097\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">photo\uff1apixabay.com\u3000CC0 Creative Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>\u8b1b\u5e2b\uff5c\u81fa\u5927\u8cc7\u5de5\u7cfb\u6559\u6388 \u6797\u5b88\u5fb7<br \/>\n<\/b><strong>\u5f59\u6574\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u8449\u73ca\u7440<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1950\u5e74\uff0c\u827e\u502b\u00b7\u5716\u9748\uff08Alan Turing\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u5716\u9748\u6e2c\u8a66\uff0c\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u958b\u7aef\u300221\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u6210\u70ba\u986f\u5b78\uff0c\u770b\u4f3c\u84b8\u84b8\u65e5\u4e0a\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u96e3\u4ee5\u76f8\u4fe1\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u5b83\u66fe\u6c92\u843d\u5230\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7121\u4eba\u805e\u554f\u3002\u81fa\u5927\u8cc7\u5de5\u7cfb\u6797\u5b88\u5fb7\u6559\u6388\u548c\u6211\u5011\u5206\u4eab\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u7684\u6f14\u9032\u6b77\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76ee\u524d\u8da8\u52e2\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u9451\u5f80\u77e5\u4f86\uff1aAI<\/strong><strong>\u767c\u5c55\u53f2\u7684\u8d77\u843d<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u67d0\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u7684\u9032\u5c55\u662f\u4e0d\u65b7\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u904e\u53bb\u66fe\u7d05\u6975\u4e00\u6642\uff0c\u537b\u4e5f\u4e00\u5ea6\u9032\u5165\u5bd2\u51ac\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u90fd\u4f34\u96a8\u8457\u65b0\u6280\u8853\u7684\u958b\u767c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u53d7\u9650\u65bc\u7576\u6642\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u6280\u8853\u78b0\u4e0a\u74f6\u9838\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u5373\u8b8a\u5f97\u51b7\u9580\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u7684\u9032\u5c55\u4ee5\u5716\u9748\u6e2c\u8a66\u70ba\u8d77\u9ede\uff0c\u5c07\u5c0d\u8a71\u80fd\u529b\u4f5c\u70ba\u5224\u65b7\u6a5f\u5668\u667a\u6167\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u7121\u4eba\u653b\u514b\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u906d\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u5c0d\u8a71\u672a\u5fc5\u662f\u667a\u6167\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6a19\u6e96\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Herbert A. Simon\u3001J. C. Shaw\u3001Allen Newell \u5c07\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u4f5c\u70ba\u641c\u5c0b\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89e3\u65b9\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7b54\u6848\u5728\u641c\u5c0b\u7a7a\u9593\u5167\u5c31\u6709\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u67d0\u4e9b\u89e3\u6cd5\u8f03\u8fc5\u901f\u3002\u4f46\u7576\u554f\u984c\u6240\u65af\u7684\u641c\u5c0b\u7a7a\u9593\u904e\u5927\uff0c\u5c07\u8017\u6642\u8a31\u4e45\u3002\u7576\u8a0a\u606f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u731c\u6e2c\u6642\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u56f0\u96e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u6d3e\u5b78\u8005\u5c07\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u8996\u70ba\u73a9\u904a\u6232\u7684\u96fb\u8166\uff0c\u904a\u6232\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u898f\u5247\u3001\u6709\u9650\u74b0\u5883\u8b8a\u6578\uff0c\u4e14\u80fd\u91cd\u8907\u73a9\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u53c8\u5206\u4f5c\u5b8c\u5168\u8a0a\u606f\u8207\u90e8\u5206\u8a0a\u606f\uff1a\u524d\u8005\u5982\u897f\u6d0b\u68cb\u3001\u570d\u68cb\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u770b\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u7dda\u7d22\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u5982\u5fb7\u5dde\u64b2\u514b\u3001\u661f\u6d77\u722d\u9738\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u638c\u63e1\u81ea\u5df1\u5468\u906d\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u7121\u5f9e\u5f97\u77e5\u5c0d\u65b9\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff1b\u524d\u8005\u5c0d\u96fb\u8166\u800c\u8a00\u6bd4\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u6709\u731c\u6e2c\u7684\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u96e3\u5ea6\u8f03\u9ad8\u3002\u7136\u800c\u904a\u6232\u662f\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u7c21\u5316\uff0c\u65e5\u5e38\u4e2d\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u662f\u958b\u653e\u5f0f\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u96e3\u4ee5\u985e\u63a8\uff0c\u4e14\u4eba\u751f\u4e0d\u5982\u904a\u6232\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u91cd\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c07\u667a\u6167\u8996\u70ba\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u4e00\u6d3e\u5982\u6c83\u502b\u2022\u9ea5\u5361\u6d1b\u514b\uff08Warren McCulloch\uff09\u3001\u5510\u7d0d\u5fb7\u00b7\u8d6b\u5e03\uff08Donald Olding Hebb\uff09\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u77e5\u8b58\u85cf\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u9023\u7d50\u88e1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4eca\u65e5 Facebook \u7684\u793e\u6703\u7db2\u8def\uff1b\u4e00\u6d3e\u5982\u8a9e\u610f\u9023\u7d50\uff08semantic network\uff09\uff0c\u5c07\u5b57\u7fa9\u95dc\u4fc2\u88fd\u6210\u6709\u89aa\u758f\u9060\u8fd1\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1b\u4e00\u6d3e\u5c07\u4e4b\u8996\u70ba\u985e\u795e\u7d93\u7db2\u8def\uff0c\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u6bcf\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\u90fd\u662f\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u76f8\u9023\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c07\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u8996\u4f5c\u5c08\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7d71\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f86\u5354\u52a9\u77e5\u8b58\u5bc6\u96c6\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u91ab\u751f\u3001\u6cd5\u5b98\u3002\u7cfb\u7d71\u5167\u90e8\u6709\u77e5\u8b58\u5eab\u8207\u63a8\u8ad6\u5668\uff0c\u628a\u904e\u5f80\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6848\u4f8b\u5316\u4f5c\u96fb\u8166\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u7b26\u865f\u8f38\u5165\uff0c\u723e\u5f8c\u9047\u5230\u65b0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6642\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u900f\u904e\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u63a8\u8ad6\u51fa\u597d\u7684\u89e3\u65b9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u91ab\u7642\u8a3a\u65b7\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u5224\u6c7a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7576\u65b0\u7a4e\u7684\u554f\u984c\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u820a\u6709\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u4fbf\u7121\u6cd5\u56de\u7b54\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Cyc 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#008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u5bd2\u51ac\u904e\u5f8c\u6625\u6696\u82b1\u958b\uff1aAI<\/strong><strong>\u767c\u5c55\u5feb\u901f\u8d77\u98db<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5c08\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7d71\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u5de5\u7a0b\u7d05\u6975\u4e00\u6642\uff0c\u5f8c\u7e8c\u767c\u5c55\u537b\u9047\u5230\u74f6\u9838\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u7522\u696d\u4e5f\u9677\u5165\u505c\u6eef\u3002\u6797\u6559\u6388\u4ee5\u81ea\u8eab\u7d93\u9a57\u5206\u4eab\u7576\u6642AI\u767c\u5c55\u4f4e\u6f6e\u7684\u6c1b\u570d\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u544a\u8a34\u6559\u6388\u672a\u4f86\u60f3\u5f80AI\u9818\u57df\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u6559\u6388\u96d6\u672a\u76f4\u63a5\u52f8\u963b\uff0c\u537b\u8aaa Dangerous\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u6797\u6559\u6388\u8fd4\u570b\u6559\u66f8\u6642\uff0c\u66fe\u88ab\u4eba\u63d0\u9192\u4e0d\u8981\u63d0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u662f\u5f9e\u4e8bAI\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u53ef\u80fd\u6536\u4e0d\u5230\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u9019\u8207\u4eca\u65e5\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u6210\u70ba\u7522\u696d\u8da8\u52e2\u7684\u73fe\u6cc1\u5f62\u6210\u5f37\u70c8\u5c0d\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>AI\u5d1b\u8d77\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u4e09\uff1a\u7db2\u8def\u4fbf\u5229\u8cc7\u6599\u641c\u96c6\u3001\u96fb\u8166\u6f14\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u4e0a\u5347\u3001\u78ba\u7acb\u8a55\u4f30\u6a5f\u5236\u3002\u524d\u5169\u8005\u8f03\u70ba\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u662f\u6797\u6559\u6388\u8a8d\u70ba\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u900f\u904e\u78ba\u7acb\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7af6\u8cfd\uff0c\u79d1\u6280\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u660e\u78ba\uff0cDeepBlue\u3001AlphaGO\u90fd\u662f\u77e5\u540d\u6848\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73fe\u4ecaAI\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u7a2e\uff1a\u300c\u5f37\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6cdb\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5f31\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u300d\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u5e0c\u671bAI\u548c\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u6709\u5fc3\u9748\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u5fd7\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e0c\u671bAI\u80fd\u6709\u7a2e\u985e\u591a\u6a23\u3001\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u667a\u6167\uff1b\u5f8c\u8005\u8981\u6c42AI\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u9818\u57df\u8868\u73fe\u5091\u51fa\u3002\u9650\u65bc\u76ee\u524d\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u90fd\u662f\u6a5f\u5668\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u96e3\u4ee5\u9762\u5c0d\u65b0\u7a4e\u96e3\u984c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u9084\u662f\u4ee5\u5f31\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u70ba\u4e3b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6 John Searle \u66fe\u7528 Chinese room argument 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style=\"color: 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border=\"0\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a01950\u5e74\uff0c\u827e\u502b\u00b7\u5716\u9748\uff08Alan 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