{"id":32851,"date":"2018-09-21T00:58:50","date_gmt":"2018-09-20T16:58:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=32851"},"modified":"2018-09-12T14:45:58","modified_gmt":"2018-09-12T06:45:58","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%8f%b2%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e4%b9%9d%e6%9c%88%e3%80%911737-%e5%b9%b4-9-%e6%9c%88-9-%e6%97%a5-%e9%9b%bb%e6%b1%a0%e7%9a%84%e5%82%ac%e5%8c%96%e8%80%85%e8%b3%88%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=32851","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7269\u7406\u53f2\u4e2d\u7684\u4e5d\u6708\u30111737 \u5e74 9 \u6708 9 \u65e5: \u96fb\u6c60\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u8005\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\uff08Luigi Galvani\uff09\u7684\u751f\u65e5"},"content":{"rendered":"

1737 \u5e74 9 \u6708 9 \u65e5: \u96fb\u6c60\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u8005\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\uff08Luigi Galvani\uff09\u7684\u751f\u65e5<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u856d\u5982\u73c0\u3001\u694a\u4fe1\u7537\uff08\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7cfb\uff09<\/p>\n

\u5df4\u65af\u5fb7<\/a>\uff08Luis Pasteur\uff0c1822 \u2013 1895\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b<\/a>\u4eba\uff0c\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b78<\/a>\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff09<\/span>\u8aaa:\u300c\u5c31\u89c0\u5bdf\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6a5f\u6703\u53ea\u7d66\u6e96\u5099\u597d\u7684\u667a\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u7528\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u4f86\u5f62\u5bb9\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\uff08Luigi Galvani\uff09\u6700\u70ba\u8cbc\u5207\u4e0d\u904e\u3002\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u5728\u89e3\u5256\u9752\u86d9\u6642\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5c0f\u5200\u8e2b\u5230\u5176\u810a\u9ad3\uff0c\u4e14\u6709\u706b\u82b1\u51fa\u73fe\u6642\uff0c\u86d9\u817f\u6703\u62bd\u6410\uff0c\u89f8\u767c\u4e86\u96fb\u6c60\u7684\u767c\u660e\u4ee5\u53ca\u96fb\u751f\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u958b\u5c55\uff0c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u65bc 1737 \u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u65bc\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u6ce2\u9686\u90a3\u57ce\uff08Bologna\uff09\uff0c\u7236\u89aa\u96d6\u53ea\u662f\u500b\u91d1\u5320\uff0c\u4ecd\u8b93\u4ed6\u63a5\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u539f\u5148\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u50be\u5411\u5f80\u5b97\u6559\u65b9\u5411\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7236\u89aa\u5e0c\u671b\u5152\u5b50\u5b78\u91ab\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u5728\u6ce2\u9686\u90a3\u5927\u5b78\u540c\u6642\u4fee\u8b80\u91ab\u5b78\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n

1762 \u5e74\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4ee5\u8ad6\u6587\u3008\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u8207\u767c\u80b2\u3009\u7372\u5f97\u91ab\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u96a8\u53ca\u88ab\u4efb\u547d\u70ba\u6ce2\u9686\u90a3\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u8b1b\u5e2b\uff0c\u540c\u5e74\u4ed6\u8207\u6ce2\u9686\u90a3\u79d1\u5b78\u9662\u5609\u91cc\u96c5\u5947\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5973\u5152\u9732\u897f\u4e9e\u7d50\u5a5a\uff0c\u5341\u5e74\u5f8c\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u63a5\u4efb\u8a72\u79d1\u5b78\u9662\u9662\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57f7\u6559\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8208\u8da3\u4e3b\u8981\u70ba\u6bd4\u8f03\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\uff0c\u5982\u814e\u5c0f\u7ba1\u3001\u9f3b\u9ecf\u819c\u548c\u4e2d\u8033\u7b49\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u7576\u6642\u793e\u6703\u5927\u773e\u5c0d\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u7d30\u90e8\u7d50\u69cb\u5f88\u611f\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u5bcc\u6709\u4eba\u5bb6\u90fd\u6703\u8cb7\u4e00\u53f0\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u5728\u5bb6\u628a\u73a9\uff0c\u662f\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u7684\u9ec3\u91d1\u5e74\u4ee3\u3002\u77e5\u9053\u7d50\u69cb\u5f8c\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u904b\u4f5c\u7b49\u554f\u984c\u5373\u63a5\u8e35\u800c\u81f3\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u751f\u7406\u5b78\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u70ba\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n

1745 \u5e74\u8377\u862d\u840a\u767b\u57ce\u7684\u7a46\u68ee\u5e03\u7f85\u514b \uff08Pieter von Musschenbroek\uff0c1692-1761\uff09\u767c\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5132\u5b58\u5927\u91cf\u96fb\u8377\u7684\u88dd\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u840a\u767b\u74f6\u3002\u840a\u767b\u74f6\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u80a1\u65cb\u98a8\uff0c\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u5c0d\u96fb\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u6df1\u611f\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u4e5f\u8cfc\u7f6e\u4e86\u840a\u767b\u74f6\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u96fb\u548c\u795e\u7d93\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728 1770 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u958b\u59cb\u8f49\u81f3\u795e\u7d93\u548c\u808c\u8089\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u9752\u86d9\u70ba\u5be6\u9a57\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u9762\u5411\u662f\uff0c\u96fb\u8207\u795e\u7d93\u548c\u808c\u8089\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7576\u6642\u5df1\u7d93\u77e5\u9053\u7528\u96fb\u4f86\u524c\u6fc0\u7671\u7613\u7684\u80a2\u9ad4\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u5c07\u5df1\u89e3\u5256\u7684\u9752\u86d9\u3001\u624b\u6416\u6469\u64e6\u751f\u96fb\u76e4\u3001\u840a\u767b\u74f6\u3001\u96fb\u7dda\u3001\u5c0f\u5200\u7b49\u64fa\u5728\u684c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u4e00\u96fb\u7dda\u63a5\u4e0a\u86d9\u817f\u810a\u9ad3\u4e2d\u7684\u795e\u7d93\uff0c\u5982\u57161\u3002\u5e78\u904b\u4e4b\u795e\u964d\u81e8\u4e86\uff1a\u7576\u4ed6\u7684\u52a9\u7406\uff08\u4e00\u8aaa\u7f8e\u9e97\u7684\u592a\u592a\u9732\u897f\u4e9e\uff09\u4ee5\u5c0f\u5200\u78b0\u89f8\u86d9\u7684\u795e\u7d93\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u653e\u96fb\u7684\u706b\u82b1\u51fa\u73fe\u6642\uff0c\u86d9\u817f\u6703\u62bd\u6410\u3002\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u7e7c\u800c\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u86d9\u817f\u6703\u62bd\u6410\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8207\u706b\u82b1\u7684\u5f37\u5ea6\u7121\u95dc\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7d50\u8ad6\u8aaa\uff0c\u706b\u82b1\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u529b\u5728\u808c\u8089\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4fc3\u4f7f\u808c\u8089\u91cb\u51fa\u4e86\u67d0\u7a2e\u5167\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
From Wikimedia Commons\u3002\u57161\uff1a\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u5728\u6ce2\u9686\u90a3\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\uff0c\u5927\u684c\u5b50\u5de6\u908a\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u624b\u6416\u6469\u64e6\u751f\u96fb\u6a5f\u5668\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u4e0a\u9762\u96fb\u7dda\uff08E,E,E\uff09\u5c07\u6700\u53f3\u908a\u5c0f\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u7684\u840a\u767b\u74f6\u5145\u96fb\uff0c\u5927\u684c\u5b50\u53f3\u908a\u9084\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u840a\u767b\u74f6\uff0c\u548c3\u96bb\u9752\u86d9\u89e3\u5256\u5f8c\u7684\u86d9\u817f\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u53d7\u5230\u5bcc\u7c63\u514b\u6797\u5728\u66b4\u98a8\u4e2d\u4ee5\u98a8\u7b8f\u5f15\u96fb\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u60f3\u8a66\u770b\u770b\u5927\u6c23\u4e2d\u7684\u96fb\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u6469\u64e6\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u96fb\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u6703\u5f15\u8d77\u86d9\u817f\u62bd\u6410\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u5c31\u5c07\u810a\u9ad3\u6709\u7a7f\u4e0a\u96fb\u7dda\u7684\u86d9\u817f\u653e\u5230\u4ed6\u623f\u5b50\u7684\u5c4b\u9802\u4e0a\u3002\u679c\u7136\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5728\u66b4\u98a8\u96e8\u5929\uff0c\u6bcf\u9583\u96fb\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u86d9\u817f\u5c31\u62bd\u6410\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u800c\u5728\u98a8\u548c\u65e5\u9e97\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\uff0c\u540a\u639b\u5728\u9435\u6b04\u687f\u4e0a\u7684\u86d9\u817f\u52d5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u52d5\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u7576\u4ed6\u8981\u5c07\u86d9\u817f\u62ff\u4e0b\u4f86\u6642\uff0c\u7a7f\u5728\u810a\u9ad3\u4e0a\u7684\u91d1\u5c6c\u7dda\u4e00\u78b0\u5230\u9435\u6b04\u687f\u6642\uff0c\u86d9\u817f\u53c8\u6703\u62bd\u6410\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u9019\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u5076\u7136\u7684\u89c0\u6e2c\u3002\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e43\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u5c0d\u6b64\u4f5c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u53ea\u8981\u4ee5\u91d1\u5c6c\u9023\u7d50\u86d9\u817f\u7684\u808c\u8089\u548c\u810a\u9ad3\uff0c\u86d9\u817f\u5c31\u6703\u62bd\u6410\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u8a8d\u70ba\u62bd\u6410\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u9752\u86d9\u9ad4\u5167\u7684\u300c\u52d5\u7269\u96fb\u300d\u56e0\u91d1\u5c6c\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u800c\u5728\u808c\u8089\u4e2d\u6d41\u52d5\u6240\u5f15\u8d77\u3002\u4ed6\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u4e3b\u5f35\u8aaa\u808c\u8089\u5167\u7684\u96fb\u6709\u4e8c\u7a2e\uff0c\u6709\u5982\u6b63\u8ca0\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5206\u4f48\u5728\u808c\u7e96\u7dad<\/a>\u7684\u5167\u5916\u90e8\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u840a\u767b\u74f6\u88e1\u5916\u7684\u91d1\u5c6c\u4e00\u822c\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e86\u4e0d\u8d77\u7684\u9060\u898b\uff0c\u9810\u544a\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u534a\u4e16\u7d00\u5f8c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u6240\u6e2c\u91cf\u7684\u975c\u6b62\u819c\u96fb\u4f4d<\/a>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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From Wikimedia Commons
\u57162\uff1a\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\uff08Luigi Galvani\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

1791 \u5e74\uff0c\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u5c07\u591a\u5e74\u4f86\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6574\u7406\u6210\u518a\u767c\u8868\uff0c\u66f8\u540d\u70ba\u300a\u8ad6\u96fb\u5c0d\u808c\u8089\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u300b(De Viribus Electricitatis in Motu Musculari. Commentarius<\/em>)\uff0c\u5728\u5b78\u8853\u5708\u5f88\u53d7\u597d\u8a55\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u6ce2\u9686\u90a3\u57ce\u897f\u90e8 200 \u516c\u91cc\u7684\u5e15\u7dad\u4e9e\u5927\u5b78\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6559\u6388\u4f0f\u7279\uff08Alessandro Volta\uff09\u3002\u4f0f\u7279\u5c0d\u66f8\u4e2d\u6240\u8ac7\u7684\u300c\u52d5\u7269\u96fb\u300d\u6df1\u611f\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u99ac\u4e0a\u52d5\u624b\u91cd\u8986\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u537b\u958b\u5553\u4e86\u5f8c\u4f86\u4e8c\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6b77\u53f2\u5f8c\u4f86\u9084\u4e86\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u516c\u9053\u3002\u4f0f\u7279\u9996\u5148\u5021\u8b70\u7528\u300cgalvanize\u300d\u4f86\u8868\u793a \u300c\u6fc0\u8d77\u3001\u632f\u596e\u300d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u5f8c\u4eba\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u4ee5\u300cgalvanometer\u300d \u7a31\u547c\u96fb\u6d41\u8a08\u3002\u8cc8\u6cd5\u5c3c\u9664\u4e86\u4fc3\u9032\u96fb\u6c60\u7684\u767c\u660e\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u767c\u73fe\u96fb\u5728\u795e\u7d93\u548c\u808c\u8089\u4e4b\u9593\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u66f4\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u958b\u5553\u4e86\u6574\u500b\u96fb\u751f\u7406\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Alan J. McComas, \u201cGalvani\u2019s Spark \u2013 <\/em>The story of the Nerve Impulse\u201d, Oxford University Press, 2011.<\/li>\n
  2. Bern Dibner, Luigi Galvani, <\/em>Britannica, 2018.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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