{"id":30651,"date":"2018-03-28T00:39:31","date_gmt":"2018-03-27T16:39:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=30651"},"modified":"2018-07-29T19:10:08","modified_gmt":"2018-07-29T11:10:08","slug":"%e5%be%9e%e7%89%9b%e9%a0%93%e7%9a%84%e6%99%82%e4%bb%a3%e8%83%8c%e6%99%af%e6%8e%a2%e7%b4%a2%e7%ac%ac%e4%ba%8c%e9%81%8b%e5%8b%95%e5%ae%9a%e5%be%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=30651","title":{"rendered":"\u5f9e\u725b\u9813\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u80cc\u666f\u63a2\u7d22\u7b2c\u4e8c\u904b\u52d5\u5b9a\u5f8b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u8d99\u5149\u5b89\u6559\u6388<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u524d\u8a00<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u725b\u9813\u7684\u842c\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u53ca\u4e09\u689d\u904b\u52d5\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u90fd\u548c\u300c\u529b\u300d\u95dc\u4fc2\u5bc6\u5207\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u8a0e\u8ad6\u725b\u9813\u5275\u7acb\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u529b\u5b78\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u5148\u91d0\u6e05\uff0c\u5728\u725b\u9813\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u300c\u529b\u300d\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5230\u4e86\u725b\u9813\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u300c\u529b\u300d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u300c\u529b\u300d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9084\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a5f\u68b0\u5f0f\u7684\u628a\u725b\u9813\u529b\u5b78\u300c\u61c9\u7528\u300d\u5230\u5404\u985e\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f88\u96e3\u300c\u8a8d\u8b58\u300d\u725b\u9813\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u5728\u725b\u9813\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5c0d\u300c\u529b\u300d\u7684\u63a2\u8a0e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5f88\u4e45\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u300c\u529b\u300d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u963f\u57fa\u7c73\u5fb7\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Archimedes\">Archimedes<\/a>\uff09\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u529b\u300d\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u300c\u4e0b\u589c\u529b\u300d\uff0c\u628a\u7269\u9ad4\u5f80\u4e0b\u62c9\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u300c\u6d6e\u529b\u300d\uff0c\u628a\u7269\u9ad4\u5f80\u4e0a\u63a8\u3002\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528\u300c\u529b\u300d\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u6a5f\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5de5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u529b\u300d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u6c7a\u5b9a\u591a\u5c11\u300c\u529b\u300d\u80fd\u505a\u591a\u5c11\u5de5\u3002\u767c\u5c55\u5230\u4e9e\u7406\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aristotle\">Aristotle<\/a>\uff09\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ed6\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u628a\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u300c\u614b\u300d\u5206\u70ba\u975c\u6b62\u548c\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u4e9e\u7406\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u628a\u300c\u529b\u300d\u548c\u904b\u52d5\u9023\u7d50\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u4e0a\u7684\u529b\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u5c31\u505c\u6b62\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u7406\u8ad6\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e00\u652f\u88ab\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u7bad\uff0c\u5728\u96e2\u958b\u5f13\u5f26\u4ee5\u5f8c\u9084\u80fd\u7e7c\u7e8c\u98db\u884c\u3002\u4ed6\u53ea\u80fd\u52c9\u5f37\u7684\u8aaa\uff0c\u90a3\u652f\u7bad\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u7a7a\u6c23\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7a7a\u6c23\u6703\u7522\u751f\u300c\u529b\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u300c\u529b\u300d\u5c31\u63a8\u8457\u9019\u4e00\u652f\u7bad\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5f80\u524d\u98db\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5f8c\u96d6\u7136\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0d\u65b7\u7684\u7814\u8a0e\u300c\u529b\u300d\u548c\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u591a\u5927\u7684\u9032\u5c55\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5e03\u91cc\u4e39\uff08Jean Buridan 1300\uff0d1358\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u300c\u885d\u529b\u8ad6\uff08Impetus\uff09\u300d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u6295\u64f2\u4e00\u584a\u77f3\u982d\uff0c\u4eba\u662f\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u6e90\u300d\uff0c\u77f3\u982d\u662f\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u3002\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u8655\u65bc\u904b\u52d5\u72c0\u614b\u6642\uff0c\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u6e90\u300d\u5df2\u7d93\u628a\u4e00\u4e9b\u300c\u885d\u529b\u300d\u653e\u5728\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u9019\u500b\u300c\u885d\u529b\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7e7c\u7e8c\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u4e00\u584a\u77f3\u982d\u88ab\u6295\u64f2\u51fa\u53bb\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6703\u9010\u6f38\u6e1b\u901f\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u843d\u5728\u5730\u9762\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u7a7a\u6c23\u963b\u529b\u548c\u77f3\u982d\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\uff0c\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u77f3\u982d\u88e1\u9762\u7684\u300c\u885d\u529b\u300d\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u300c\u885d\u529b\u300d\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u5e03\u91cc\u4e39\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u6578\u5b78\u95dc\u4fc2\u5f0f\u628a\u300c\u885d\u529b\u300d\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u885d\u529b\u300d \uff1d \u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u7684\u91cd\u91cf X \u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u7684\u901f\u5ea6 \u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u662f\u5f8c\u4f86\u725b\u9813\u529b\u5b78\u4e2d\u300c\u52d5\u91cf\uff08Momentum\uff09\u300d\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3002\u5e03\u91cc\u4e39\u7684\u300c\u885d\u529b\u8ad6\u300d\u88ab\u4ed6\u7684\u5b78\u751fDominicus de Clavasio\u4fee\u6b63\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u958b\u59cb\u904b\u52d5\u6642\uff0c\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u6e90\u300d\u5728\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u4e0a\u52a0\u4e86\u300c\u529b\u300d\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u9019\u500b\u300c\u529b\u300d\u628a\u4e00\u4e9b\u300c\u885d\u529b\u300d\u653e\u9032\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u4e2d\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u300c\u529b\u300d\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u7d93\u904e\u5927\u7d04\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u767e\u5e74\uff0c\u5230\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\uff08Galileo Galilei 1564-1642\uff09\u958b\u59cb\u7528\u5be6\u9a57\u4f86\u63a2\u8a0e\u300c\u885d\u529b\u300d\u548c\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u91cd\u91cf\u7684\u7403\u5f62\u7269\u9ad4\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u7247\u50be\u659c\u7684\u5e73\u6ed1\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f9e\u300c\u975c\u6b62\u614b\u300d\u958b\u59cb\u5f80\u4e0b\u6efe\u52d5\u3002\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5169\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u500b\u904b\u52d5\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5230\u5916\u754c\u7684\u5e72\u64fe\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u5c31\u6cbf\u8457\u4e00\u689d\u76f4\u7dda\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u8b8a\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5411\u524d\u9032\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u4e00\u500b\u9435\u7403\u548c\u4e00\u6839\u96de\u6bdb\uff0c\u5f9e\u540c\u4e00\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6389\u843d\u5230\u5730\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u53d7\u7a7a\u6c23\u6d6e\u529b\u7684\u5e72\u64fe\uff0c\u6703\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u9593\u5230\u9054\u5730\u9762\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9019\u5169\u689d\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u662f\u6559\u53e4\u5178\u529b\u5b78\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6559\u6750\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u9084\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\u7684\u6efe\u52d5\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5b9a\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5e03\u91cc\u4e39\u7684\u300c\u885d\u529b\u8ad6\u300d\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u91cb\u9019\u500b\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\uff08\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\uff09\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u548c\u725b\u9813\u90fd\u5f88\u56b4\u8085\u7684\u601d\u8003\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u7591\u554f\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u6587\u737b\u88e1\uff0c\u6211\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u5982\u4f55\u8655\u7406\u9019\u500b\u7591\u5718\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u725b\u9813\u7d66\u529b\u4e00\u500b\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u904b\u52d5\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u548c\u725b\u9813\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u6578\u5b78\u5de5\u5177\u53ea\u6709\u5e7e\u4f55\u3001\u4e09\u89d2\u3001\u548c\u4ee3\u6578\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u77e5\u8b58\u4e5f\u50c5\u9650\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u53ca\u5c11\u6578\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u7528\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u4f86\u8861\u91cf\uff0c\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u548c\u725b\u9813\u9802\u591a\u53ea\u6709\u570b\u4e2d\u7562\u696d\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u7528\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u6578\u7406\u5e38\u8b58\u80cc\u666f\u4f86\u89e3\u7b54\u4e09\u3001\u56db\u767e\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u4e8b\u5f8c\u6709\u5148\u898b\u4e4b\u660e\u300d\u4e86\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u548c\u300c\u529b\u5b78\u300d\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u91cf\u6e2c\uff0c\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6578\u64da\u88ab\u63a8\u5d07\u662f\u6b0a\u5a01\u6027\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4ed6\u7684\u300c\u529b\u5b78\u300d\u5be6\u9a57\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5168\u90e8\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u76f4\u7dda\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u725b\u9813\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u662f\u5f9e\u300c\u4e00\u7dad\u7cfb\u7d71\u300d\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u624d\u63a8\u5ee3\u5230\u300c\u4e09\u7dad\u7a7a\u9593\u300d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u5f9e\u76f4\u7dda\u904b\u52d5\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u8a66\u8a66\u770b\u80fd\u5426\u7d93\u6b77\u4e00\u8d9f\u725b\u9813\u7684\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u518d\u770b\u770b\u5e03\u91cc\u4e39\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff1a\u201c\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u958b\u59cb\u904b\u52d5\u6642\uff0c\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u6e90\u300d\u5728\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u4e0a\u52a0\u4e86\u300c\u529b\u300d\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u9019\u500b\u300c\u529b\u300d\u628a\u4e00\u4e9b\u300c\u885d\u529b\u300d\u653e\u9032\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u4e2d\u201d\u3002\u5f88\u986f\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u958b\u59cb\u904b\u52d5\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5b83\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u885d\u529b\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u885d\u529b\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u53cd\u8f49\u4f86\u5206\u6790\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u50be\u659c\u9762\u4e0a\u6efe\u52d5\u7269\u9ad4\u8d8a\u6efe\u8d8a\u5feb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u885d\u529b\u5c31\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u7b26\u5408\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u6574\u500b\u904b\u52d5\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u529b\u300d\u52a0\u5728\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b7\u7684\u653e\u9032\u885d\u529b\u3002\u554f\u984c\u662f\uff1a\u9019\u500b\u300c\u529b\u300d\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7522\u751f\u7684\uff1f\u8ddf\u96a8\u8457\u9019\u500b\u300c\u529b\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u8b8a\uff1f\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u662f1642\u5e74\u901d\u4e16\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u751f\u524d\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u725b\u9813\u662f1643\u51fa\u751f\uff0c\u7528\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u842c\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u548c\u4ed6\u767c\u660e\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u6cd5\uff0c\u725b\u9813\u628a\u7b54\u6848\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\uff09\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u548c\u725b\u9813\u90fd\u770b\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u9019\u500b\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u591a\u5927\u7684\u300c\u529b\u300d\u80fd\u6539\u8b8a\u591a\u5c11\u901f\u5ea6\uff1f\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u300c\u529b\u300d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6c92\u6709\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5148\u63a2\u8a0e\u300c\u901f\u5ea6\u6539\u8b8a\u591a\u5c11\u300d\u9019\u500b\u8b70\u984c\u3002\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u6240\u505a\u7684\u300c\u53e4\u5178\u529b\u5b78\u300d\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u90e8\u4efd\u90fd\u662f\u91cf\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u6642\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u7269\u7406\u6559\u5b78\u7fd2\u6163\u7528\u201cx\uff08t\uff09\u201d\u4f86\u6a19\u793a\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u5728\u201ct\u201d\u6642\u9593\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u91cf\u51fa\uff0c\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u5728t1\u6642\u9593\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662fx(t1)\uff0c\u5728t2\u6642\u9593\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662fx(t2)\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5728\u300c\u5e73\u5747\u6642\u9593\u300dt12=(t1+t2)\/2\uff0c\u53ca\u300c\u5e73\u5747\u4f4d\u7f6e\u300dx(t12)=[ x(t1)+ x(t2)]\/2\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u662fv(t12)= [ x(t2)\uff0dx(t1)]\/ (t2\uff0dt1)\u3002\u9019\u662f\u8a08\u7b97\u201c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u96a8\u6642\u9593\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u7387\u201d\u3002\u725b\u9813\u7528\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u8a08\u7b97\u201c\u901f\u5ea6\u96a8\u6642\u9593\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u7387\u201d\uff08\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u662f\u201c\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u201d\uff09\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8868\u9054\u4e0a\u7684\u8aa4\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u91cd\u8ff0\u4e00\u904d\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5728t1\u6642\u9593\u662fv(t1)\uff0c\u5728t2\u6642\u9593\u662fv(t2)\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5728\u300c\u5e73\u5747\u6642\u9593\u300dt12=(t1+t2)\/2\uff0c\u53ca\u300c\u5e73\u5747\u901f\u5ea6\u300dv(t12)=[ v(t1)+ v(t2)]\/2\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u662fa(t12)= [ v(t2)\uff0dv(t1)]\/ (t2\uff0dt1)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u3001\u56db\u767e\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u7cbe\u51d6\u7684\u91cf\u6e2c\u5100\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u7cbe\u51d6\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u5c3a\uff0c\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u91cf\u51fa\u7684\u6578\u64da\u548c\u725b\u9813\u7b97\u51fa\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u5230\u5e95\u591a\u9ebc\u6e96\u78ba\uff1f\u6211\u5fc5\u9808\u8aaa\uff1a\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u4eba\u4f9d\u9760\u8a2d\u5099\uff0c\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\u4eba\u4f9d\u9760\u982d\u8166\u3002\u8209\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u7406\u5de5\u79d1\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u80fd\u7b97\u51fa\u5713\u5468\u7387\u7684\u503c\uff1f\u4ed6\u5011\u90fd\u6703\u67e5\u6578\u5b57\u8868\uff0c\u90fd\u6703\u7528\u96fb\u8166\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u4e0d\u6703\u50cf\u53e4\u4ee3\u4eba\u90a3\u6a23\u60f3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u5169\u5343\u5169\u767e\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u963f\u57fa\u7c73\u5fb7\u5c31\u767c\u660e\u4e86\u201c\u8da8\u8fd1\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u7528\u5b83\u4f86\u8a08\u7b97\u201c\u7cbe\u78ba\u503c\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u7528\u5e73\u9762\u5e7e\u4f55\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u7b97\u6578\u95dc\u4fc2\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u77e5\u9053\u300c\u7b49\u908an\u908a\u5f62\u300d\u7684\u5468\u9577\uff0c\u7528\u9019\u500b\u7b97\u6578\u95dc\u4fc2\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u7acb\u523b\u7b97\u51fa\u300c\u7b49\u908a2n\u908a\u5f62\u300d\u7684\u5468\u9577\u3002\u963f\u57fa\u7c73\u5fb7\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u201c\u5713\u5f62\u201d\u88e1\u9762\u653e\u4e00\u500b\u6700\u5927\u7684\u201c\u7b49\u908a\u516d\u908a\u5f62\u201d\uff0c\u518d\u5728\u201c\u5713\u5f62\u201d\u5916\u9762\u653e\u4e00\u500b\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u201c\u7b49\u908a\u516d\u908a\u5f62\u201d\uff0c\u7528\u201c\u76f4\u5f91\u201d\u70ba\u9577\u5ea6\u7684\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u5f9e\u516d\u908a\u5f62\u7684\u5468\u9577\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u7b97\u5341\u4e8c\u908a\u5f62\u7684\u5468\u9577\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u908a\u5f62\u7684\u5468\u9577\uff0c\u56db\u5341\u516b\u908a\u5f62\u7684\u5468\u9577\uff0c\u4e5d\u5341\u516d\u908a\u5f62\u7684\u5468\u9577\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u662f\uff1a\u5f9e\u5713\u5f62\u5167\u7684\u591a\u908a\u5f62\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u5713\u5468\u7387\u7684\u503c\u662f\u4e09\u53c8\u4e03\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\uff083.142857\uff09\uff0c\u5f9e\u5713\u5f62\u5916\u7684\u591a\u908a\u5f62\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u5713\u5468\u7387\u7684\u503c\u662f\u4e09\u53c8\u4e03\u5341\u4e00\u5206\u4e4b\u5341\uff083.140845\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u5b78\u7528\u7684\u5713\u5468\u7387\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u503c\u662f\u4ecb\u65bc\u9019\u5169\u500b\u6578\u4e4b\u9593\u76843.1416\u3002\u5982\u679c\u963f\u57fa\u7c73\u5fb7\u518d\u7e7c\u7e8c\u63a8\u7b97\u4e09\u3001\u56db\u6b65\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u51fa\u5713\u5468\u7387\u662f3.1416\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u91cf\u51fa\u7684\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u725b\u9813\u7b97\u51fa\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u662f\uff1a\u6efe\u52d5\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u201cv(t)\u201d\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u548c\u6642\u9593\u201ct\u201d\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u662f\u7dda\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u201ca(t)\u201d\u537b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u56fa\u5b9a\u6578\u503c\uff0c\u548c\u6642\u9593\u201ct\u201d\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u7121\u95dc\u3002\u725b\u9813\u5728\u5f97\u5230\u9019\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u57281666\u5e74\u4ed6\u9084\u662f\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\u6b72\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u842c\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u5730\u7403\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u5730\u7403\u5f15\u529b\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u56fa\u5b9a\u6578\u503c\u3002\u5230\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u6c34\u5230\u6e20\u6210\u300d\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u500b\u56fa\u5b9a\u6578\u503c\u7684\u5730\u7403\u5f15\u529b\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u56fa\u5b9a\u6578\u503c\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u201ca(t)\u201d\u3002\u725b\u9813\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u201c\u529b\u201d\u9084\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u88ab\u201c\u91cf\u5316\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u5920\u91cf\u51fa\u201c\u529b\u201d\u7684\u6578\u503c\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u3002\u6839\u64da\u5728\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u9ad4\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u7269\u9ad4\u8cea\u91cf\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6839\u64da\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u6240\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u5730\u7403\u5f15\u529b\u548c\u8a72\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u8cea\u91cf\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u725b\u9813\u8d70\u51fa\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u4ed6\u7d66\u201c\u529b\u201d\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u6240\u53d7\u7684\u529b [f(t)] \uff1d \u8a72\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u8cea\u91cf [m ] X \u8a72\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6 [a(t)] \u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u904e\u91cf\u6e2c\u8cea\u91cf\u548c\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c31\u91cf\u51fa\u4e86\u529b\u3002\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u719f\u6089\u9577\u5ea6\u7684\u55ae\u4f4d\u300c\u516c\u5c3a\u300d\u548c\u6642\u9593\u7684\u55ae\u4f4d\u300c\u79d2\u300d\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u6c7a\u5b9a\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u8cea\u91cf\u7684\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u300c\u570b\u969b\u55ae\u4f4d\u5236\u300d\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u7a2e\u9251\u92a5\u5408\u91d1\uff0890\uff05\u7684\u9251\u53ca10\uff05\u7684\u92a5\uff09\u9020\u621039.17mm\u7684\u76f4\u7acb\u5713\u67f1\u9ad4\uff08\u9ad8\u5ea6=\u76f4\u5f91\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u201c\u570b\u969b\u5343\u514b\u539f\u5668\u201d\u7684\u8cea\u91cf\u662f\u201c\u8cea\u91cf\u7684\u55ae\u4f4d\u4e00\u516c\u65a4\u201d\u3002\u5728\u8cea\u91cf\u4e00\u516c\u65a4\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\u4e0a\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u201c\u516c\u5c3a\/(\u79d2\u79d2)\u201d\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u529b\u662f\u4e00\u201c\u725b\u9813\u201d\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u7d00\u5ff5\u725b\u9813\uff0c\u5c31\u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u59d3\u6c0f\u505a\u70ba\u201c\u529b\u201d\u7684\u55ae\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u725b\u9813\u9700\u8981\u601d\u8003\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u96a8\u6642\u9593\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u9069\u5408\u7528\u201c\u725b\u9813\u529b\u201d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9 f(t)=ma(t) \u4f86\u6e2c\u91cf\u96a8\u6642\u9593\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u529b\uff1f\u725b\u9813\u767c\u660e\u4e86\u201c\u5fae\u7a4d\u5206\u201d\u4f86\u5206\u6790\u5728\u201c\u77ac\u9593\u201d\u5167\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u9084\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528f(t)=ma(t) \u4f86\u5b9a\u7fa9\u529b\u3002\u6211\u5728\u6b64\u5fc5\u9808\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u548c\u725b\u9813\u540c\u6642\u7684\u5fb7\u570b\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u840a\u5e03\u5c3c\u8332\uff08Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5fae\u7a4d\u5206\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u725b\u9813\u4f4f\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u528d\u6a4b\uff0c\u840a\u5e03\u5c3c\u8332\u4f4f\u5728\u6cd5\u570b\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5169\u4eba\u901a\u904e\u4fe1\u4ef6\u4f86\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u9032\u5c55\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u528d\u6a4b\u548c\u5df4\u9ece\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u90f5\u4ef6\u50b3\u905e\u5f88\u6162\uff0c\u9001\u4e00\u8d9f\u4fe1\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u81f3\u5c11\u516d\u661f\u671f\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u201c\u8ab0\u5148\u767c\u660e\u4ec0\u9ebc\u201d\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u7cfe\u7e8f\u4e0d\u6e05\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u840a\u5e03\u5c3c\u8328\u8207\u725b\u9813\u8ab0\u5148\u767c\u660e\u5fae\u7a4d\u5206\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u662f\u6578\u5b78\u754c\u81f3\u4eca\u6700\u5927\u7684\u516c\u6848\u30021712\u5e74\u82f1\u570b\u7687\u5bb6\u5b78\u6703\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u8abf\u67e5\u6b64\u6848\uff0c1713\u5e74\u521d\u767c\u5e03\u516c\u544a\uff1a\u300c\u78ba\u8a8d\u725b\u987f\u662f\u5fae\u7a4d\u5206\u7684\u767c\u660e\u4eba\u3002\u300d\u6211\u5beb\u300c\u725b\u9813\u767c\u660e\u5fae\u7a4d\u5206\u300d\u662f\u6839\u64da\u9019\u500b\u516c\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u725b\u9813\u9700\u8981\u601d\u8003\u7684\u518d\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\u662f\u548c\u8cea\u91cf\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u5f9e\u5e03\u91cc\u4e39\u7684\u300c\u885d\u529b\u8ad6\u300d\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u96e2\u958b\u8cea\u91cf\u4f86\u8a0e\u8ad6\u529b\uff0c\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u91cf\u51fa\u7684\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u4e5f\u96b1\u542b\u8457\u8cea\u91cf\u9019\u500b\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u88e1\uff0c\u88ab\u6e2c\u91cf\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u8cea\u91cf\u662f\u4e0d\u96a8\u6642\u9593\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u3002\u5e03\u91cc\u4e39\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u300c\u885d\u529b\u300d\uff0c\u6f14\u8b8a\u5230\u5f8c\u4f86\u6210\u70ba\u300c\u52d5\u91cf (momentum)\u300d\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u725b\u9813\u7b2c\u4e8c\u904b\u52d5\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u300c\u529b\u300d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u70ba<\/p>\n<p>f(t) = \u52d5\u91cf [m(t)a(t)] \u96a8\u6642\u9593\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u7387 = \u00a0d[m(t)a(t)]\/dt \u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u9805\u7684\u5beb\u6cd5\u662f\u5fae\u7a4d\u5206\u7684\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u5de5\u696d\u6280\u8853\u7684\u9032\u6b65\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4fee\u6b63\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u660e\u986f\u3002\u4ee5\u822a\u7a7a\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e00\u67b6\u6ce2\u97f3\u4e03\u56db\u4e03\u5ba2\u6a5f\u7684\u6cb9\u7bb1\u53ef\u88dd\u5927\u7d04140\u5678\u7684\u6cb9\uff0c\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5de1\u822a\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u5c0f\u6642\u8981\u71d2\u6389\u5927\u7d0412\u5678\u7684\u6cb9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u98db\u6a5f\u63a8\u52d5\u529b\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u653e\u9032\u201c\u98db\u6a5f\u91cd\u91cf\u6301\u7e8c\u6e1b\u4f4e\u201d\u7684\u9019\u4e00\u500b\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5c0d\u98db\u5f48\u7684\u7cbe\u51d6\u5c0e\u822a\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5f9e\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u6578\u64da\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u6240\u505a\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u7dad\u7a7a\u9593\u88e1\uff0c\u7269\u9ad4\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u725b\u9813\u7b2c\u4e8c\u904b\u52d5\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u300c\u529b\u300d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u4e2d\u5beb\u7684\uff0c\u4e09\u7dad\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u3002\u5f9e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u904b\u52d5\u5b9a\u5f8b\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u7b97\u51fa\uff1a\u52a0\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u4e0a\u7684\u529b\u6240\u505a\u7684\u300c\u529f\u300d\uff0c\u5c31\u7b49\u65bc\u8a72\u7269\u9ad4\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u52d5\u80fd\uff1b\u4f4d\u80fd\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7522\u751f\u529b\uff1b\u52d5\u80fd\u548c\u4f4d\u80fd\u52a0\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u7e3d\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6046\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1b\u2026 \u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u725b\u9813\u7b2c\u4e8c\u904b\u52d5\u5b9a\u5f8b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u77e5\u9053\u529b\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u89e3\u9019\u500b\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u518d\u6839\u64da\u201c\u521d\u59cb\u689d\u4ef6\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u904b\u52d5\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u548c\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u725b\u9813\u57281666\u5e74\u767c\u73fe\u842c\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u82b1\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6642\u9593\u7814\u7a76\u5fae\u7a4d\u5206\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u518d\u89e3\u884c\u661f\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u884c\u661f\u7684\u904b\u884c\u8ecc\u9053\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c1686\u5e74\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u7687\u5bb6\u5b78\u6703\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8b1b\u8ff0\u4e86\u300c\u842c\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u904e\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c1687\u5e74\uff0c\u725b\u9813\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u5de8\u8457 \"Principia Mathematica Philosophiae Naturalis.\" \u51fa\u7248\u4e86\uff0c\u725b\u9813\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u3001\u53ca\u7b2c\u4e09\u904b\u52d5\u5b9a\u5f8b\u6b63\u5f0f\u554f\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u5f8c\u8a9e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u725b\u9813\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u958b\u653e\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u65b0\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u548c\u65b0\u7684\u69cb\u60f3\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u904e\u540c\u5115\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u8faf\u89e3\uff0c\u91d0\u6e05\u4e86\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u5171\u8b58\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5c0f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6578\u5b78\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u5708\u5167\uff0c\u767c\u8868\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5beb\u660e\u767d\u7684\u662f\u56b4\u8b39\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u91cd\u8996\u6587\u5b57\u89e3\u8aaa\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7528\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u5beb\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u5169\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u201c\u975e\u7269\u7406\u5c08\u696d\u201d\u7684\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u5b78\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6210\u82f1\u6587\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u975e\u5e38\u96e3\u8ddf\u96a8\uff0c\u4e09\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u539f\u8457\u8005\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u601d\u7dad\u8def\u7dda\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u6558\u8ff0\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u4e0b\u611a\u300d\u7684\u6211\u6240\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\uff1a\u725b\u9813\u529b\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u904b\u52d5\u5b9a\u5f8b\u662f\u4e00\u9ad4\u5169\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u725b\u9813\u7b2c\u4e00\u904b\u52d5\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff08\u53c8\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u6163\u6027\u5b9a\u5f8b\u201d\uff09\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u53c3\u8003\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5916\u529b\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\u90fd\u4fdd\u6301\u975c\u6b62\uff0c\u6216\u4f5c\u7b49\u901f\u76f4\u7dda\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u9019\u548c\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u5f9e\u6efe\u52d5\u7269\u9ad4\u5be6\u9a57\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u904b\u52d5\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5f9e\u725b\u9813\u7b2c\u4e8c\u904b\u52d5\u5b9a\u5f8b\u6f14\u5316\u5f97\u5230\uff08\u628a\u529b\u8a2d\u70ba\u96f6\uff09\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u725b\u9813\u5f9e\u4ec0\u9ebc\u908f\u8f2f\u5c0e\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e09\u904b\u52d5\u5b9a\u5f8b\u300c\u5169\u500b\u4e92\u76f8\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u65bd\u52a0\u65bc\u5c0d\u65b9\u7684\u529b\uff0c\u5176\u5927\u5c0f\u76f8\u7b49\u3001\u65b9\u5411\u76f8\u53cd\u300d\uff0c\u5c0d\u6211\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u89e3\u7684\u8b0e\u3002\u904e\u53bb\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u601d\u8003\u725b\u9813\u7684\u842c\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u9047\u5230\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u8b0e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528M\u4ee3\u8868\u592a\u967d\u7684\u8cea\u91cf\uff0c\u7528m\u4ee3\u8868\u5730\u7403\u7684\u8cea\u91cf\uff0c\u7528R\u4ee3\u8868\u592a\u967d\u548c\u5730\u7403\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u6211\u80fd\u61c2\u592a\u967d\u5c0d\u5730\u7403\u7684\u5f15\u529b\u662f\u6b63\u6bd4\u65bc [m\/(RxR)]\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u5c0d\u592a\u967d\u7684\u5f15\u529b\u662f\u6b63\u6bd4\u65bc [M\/(RxR)]\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u771f\u7684\u641e\u4e0d\u61c2\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u592a\u967d\u548c\u5730\u7403\u4e4b\u9593\u4e92\u76f8\u7684\u5f15\u529b\u662f\u6b63\u6bd4\u65bc [(mxM)\/(RxR)]\uff1f\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4e00\u584a\u77f3\u982d\u62ff\u5230\u6708\u7403\u4e0a\u53bb\u91cf\u5b83\u6240\u53d7\u7684\u5f15\u529b\uff0c\u548c\u5b83\u5728\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u6240\u53d7\u7684\u5f15\u529b\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u8b49\u660e\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u51fa\u73fe (mxM) \u9019\u500b\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u9019\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u5728\u4e09\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u662f\u505a\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u3002\u6211\u53ea\u80fd\u5fb9\u982d\u5fb9\u5c3e\u7684\u63a8\u5d07\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u725b\u9813\u7684\u7121\u4eba\u80fd\u53ca\u7684\u5929\u624d\u4e4b\u8655\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u66fe\u7d93\u6709\u4eba\u9019\u6a23\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u5982\u4e0b\uff1aNewton's Third Law is a result of applying symmetry to situations where forces can be attributed to the presence of different objects. The third law means that all forces are interactions between different bodies, and thus that there is no such thing as a unidirectional force or a force that acts on only one body. \u4f9b\u5404\u4f4d\u53c3\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u725b\u9813\u7684\u842c\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u53ca\u4e09\u689d\u904b\u52d5\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u90fd\u548c\u300c\u529b\u300d\u95dc\u4fc2\u5bc6\u5207\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u8a0e\u8ad6\u725b\u9813\u5275\u7acb\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u529b\u5b78\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u5148\u91d0\u6e05\uff0c\u5728\u725b\u9813\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u300c\u529b\u300d\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5230\u4e86\u725b\u9813\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u300c\u529b\u300d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u300c\u529b\u300d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9084\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a5f\u68b0\u5f0f\u7684\u628a\u725b\u9813\u529b\u5b78\u300c\u61c9\u7528\u300d\u5230\u5404\u985e\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f88\u96e3\u300c\u8a8d\u8b58\u300d\u725b\u9813\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":30664,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,39],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/479748503_m.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30651"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30651"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30651\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31959,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30651\/revisions\/31959"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/30664"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30651"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30651"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30651"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}