{"id":30430,"date":"2018-02-26T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-02-25T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=30430"},"modified":"2018-07-29T19:05:23","modified_gmt":"2018-07-29T11:05:23","slug":"%e8%ae%93%e4%ba%ba%e9%a1%9e%e6%af%94%e4%ba%ba%e7%8c%bf%e6%9c%89%e6%9b%b4%e8%a4%87%e9%9b%9c%e4%ba%a4%e9%9a%9b%e6%89%8b%e8%85%95%e7%9a%84%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%b8%e7%89%a9%e8%b3%aa%e5%a4%9a%e5%b7%b4%e8%83%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=30430","title":{"rendered":"\u8b93\u4eba\u985e\u6bd4\u4eba\u733f\u6709\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u4ea4\u969b\u624b\u8155\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u7269\u8cea\uff1a\u591a\u5df4\u80fa"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u25a0\u6839\u64da\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\uff08dopamine\uff09\u8207\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u4e59\u91af\u81bd\u9e7c\uff08acetylcholine\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u985e\u66f4\u64c5\u65bc\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u6709\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u4fb5\u7565\u6027\uff0c\u4fc3\u6210\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u7a2e\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u95dc\u9375\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1apixabay.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\u904e\u53bb\u88ab\u63a8\u6e2c\u662f\u5f71\u97ff\u4eba\u985e\u8a9e\u8a00\u53ca\u601d\u8003\u80fd\u529b\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u5c0e\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u5176\u8207\u591a\u7a2e\u8a8d\u77e5\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u8abf\u63a7\u6709\u95dc\uff1b\u4f46\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u985e\u6f14\u5316\u7279\u5fb5\uff08\u76f4\u7acb\u884c\u8d70\u3001\u5927\u8166\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7b49\uff09\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5176\u5148\u5f8c\u767c\u5c55\u9806\u5e8f\u3001\u6216\u662f\u5426\u6709\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff\u7b49\uff0c\u5247\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u6a23\u660e\u78ba1<\/sup><\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\u5c6c\u65bc\u5927\u8166\u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u5c0e\u7269\u8cea\uff08neurotransmitter\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\uff0c\u7531\u795e\u7d93\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u6ccc\u3001\u85c9\u4ee5\u50b3\u905e\u795e\u7d93\uff08\u96fb\uff09\u8a0a\u865f\u3002\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\u53c3\u8207\u5927\u8166\u5167\u591a\u9805\u6a5f\u5236\u7684\u8abf\u63a7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u5728\u6211\u5011\u719f\u77e5\u7684\u300c\u5831\u511f\u7cfb\u7d71\u300d\uff08reward system\uff09\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u7576\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u63d0\u9ad8\u6642\uff0c\u4eba\u6703\u56e0\u6b64\u7522\u751f\u6109\u5feb\u3001\u8208\u596e\u7b49\u6b63\u5411\u7684\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4eba\u91cd\u8986\u53bb\u5f9e\u4e8b\u6703\u7522\u751f\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u98f2\u98df\u3001\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u3001\u904b\u52d5\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6a5f\u5236\u4e5f\u8207\u6210\u766e\u6709\u95dc2<\/sup><\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u25cf\u6709\u95dc\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\u5f71\u97ff\u4eba\u985e\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u5047\u8aaa\u8207\u7814\u7a76<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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2017\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u4ee5\u7f8e\u570b\u8036\u9b6f\u5927\u5b78\u795e\u7d93\u79d1\u5b78\u6240\u70ba\u9996\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\uff0c\u91dd\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u3001\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\uff08Chimpanzee<\/em>\uff09\u3001\u8207\u737c\u7334\uff08Macaca<\/em>\uff09\u5927\u8166\u516716\u500b\u5340\u57df\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u7d30\u80de\u9032\u884c\u57fa\u56e0\u8f49\u9304\u7d44\u5b9a\u5e8f\uff08transcriptome sequencing\uff09\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u8ca0\u8cac\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\uff08dopamine\uff09\u5408\u6210\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u7d0b\u72c0\u9ad4\uff08striatum\uff09\u6709\u5341\u5206\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u975e\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u4eba\u733f\u88e1\u5247\u6c92\u6709\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u60c5\u5f624<\/sup><\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

2018\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u66fe\u53c3\u8207\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u7f8e\u570b\u4fc4\u4ea5\u4fc4\u5dde\u80af\u7279\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b78\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684Mary Ann Raghanti\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u5979\u662f\u751f\u7269\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5979\u8207\u5979\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5f9e\u5927\u8166\u7d44\u7e54\u5eab\u8207\u52d5\u7269\u5712\u6536\u96c6\u4e86\u4f86\u81ea6\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\u300138\u500b\u81ea\u7136\u6b7b\u4ea1\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u6aa2\u9ad4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u3001\u9ed1\u5e3d\u6372\u5c3e\u7334\uff08Sapajus apella<\/em>\uff09\u3001\u8c5a\u5c3e\u737c\u7334\uff08Macaca nemestrina<\/em>\uff09\u3001\u6771\u975e\u72d2\u72d2\uff08Papio anubis<\/em>\uff09\u3001\u5927\u7329\u7329\uff08Gorilla<\/em>\uff09\u3001\u8207\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\uff08Chimpanzee<\/em>\uff095<\/sup><\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u9748\u9577\u985e\u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u79d1\uff08Hominidae<\/em>, \u5305\u62ec\u5927\u7329\u7329\u3001\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u3001\u8207\u7d05\u6bdb\u7329\u7329\uff09\u5728\u57fa\u5e95\u6838\u90fd\u6709\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u8840\u6e05\u7d20\u8207\u795e\u7d93\u80dc\u80bdY\uff1b\u800c\u82072017\u5e74\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u78ba\u5be6\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u4e59\u91af\u81bd\u9e7c\uff08acetylcholine\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u5247\u662f\u8207\u652f\u914d\u6027\uff08dominant\uff09\u53ca\u9818\u57df\u884c\u70ba\uff08territorial behavior\uff09\u8f03\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u5c0e\u7269\u8cea\u3002<\/p>\n

Raghanti\u535a\u58eb\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5408\u4f75\u4e86\u9019\u5169\u8005\uff08\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\u3001\u8207\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u4e59\u91af\u81bd\u9e7c\uff09\uff0c\u4fc3\u6210\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u7a2e\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u9019\u7bc7\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u8005Owen Lovejoy\u56e0\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u300c\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u8d77\u6e90\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u5316\u5b78\u5047\u8aaa\u300d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5973\u6027\u50be\u5411\u9078\u64c7\u8f03\u5916\u5411\u3001\u4f46\u4e0d\u81f3\u65bc\u904e\u5ea6\u5177\u4fb5\u7565\u6027\u7684\u7537\u6027\u505a\u70ba\u914d\u5076\uff0c\u800c\u8f03\u64c5\u65bc\u8207\u4ed6\u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u7537\u6027\u5247\u6bd4\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u6210\u70ba\u6210\u529f\u7684\u7375\u4eba\u6216\u85c9\u6b64\u7372\u5f97\u7375\u7269\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u4eba\u985e\u7956\u5148\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u64c5\u5e38\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5206\u4eab\u5982\u4f55\u88fd\u4f5c\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u767c\u5c55\u6210\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u8207\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6b63\u5411\u5faa\u74b0\u3002\u300c\u5408\u4f5c\u662f\u8b93\u4eba\u4e0a\u766e\u7684\u3002\u300dRaghanti\u535a\u58eb\u88dc\u5145\u3002<\/p>\n

Lovejoy\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u795e\u7d93\u5316\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\uff0c\u65e9\u57284.4\u767e\u842c\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6bd4\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u5357\u65b9\u53e4\u733f\u300c\u9732\u897f\u300d\u518d\u65e9\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u842c\u5e74\u6642\u5c31\u5df2\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u5c45\u4f4f\u65bc\u6771\u975e\u4f0a\u7d22\u6bd4\u4e9e\u5730\u5340\u7684\u5730\u733f\uff08Ardipithecus ramidus<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u8207\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u53ef\u9732\u51fa\u9f5c\u7259\uff08\u72ac\u9f52\uff09\u54a7\u5634\u7684\u5147\u76f8\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u96c4\u6027\u5730\u733f\u7684\u72ac\u9f52\u8f03\u5c0f\u3002\u9019\u610f\u8b02\u8457\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5df2\u53ef\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u300c\u5fae\u7b11\u300d\u7684\u8868\u60c5\uff0c\u767c\u51fa\u5982\u540c\u4eca\u65e5\u4eba\u985e\u8c61\u5fb5\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u8a0a\u865f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u4eba\u985e\u3001\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\u3001\u8207\u672a\u4f86<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fb7\u570b\u6155\u5c3c\u9ed1\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u57fa\u56e0\u5b78\u5bb6Wolfgang Enard\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u5728\u65bc\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u9748\u9577\u985e\u5927\u8166\u88e1\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u4e14\u5c07\u4e0d\u540c\u9748\u9577\u985e\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u5316\u5b78\u7269\u8cea\u9032\u884c\u91cf\u5316\u8207\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u767c\u5c55\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5927\u8166\u88e1\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u5316\u5b78\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5341\u5206\u8907\u96dc\u7684\uff1b\u5149\u662f\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u5c0e\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u5404\u7a2e\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3001\u6a5f\u8f49\u3001\u8207\u76f8\u95dc\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u9084\u5728\u6301\u7e8c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u3002\u771f\u8981\u53c3\u900f\u70ba\u4f55\u5728\u5929\u64c7\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u552f\u7368\u9078\u64c7\u8b93\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u8f03\u591a\u7684\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\uff1f\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\u9019\u53ea\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u9069\u61c9\u904e\u7a0b\u907a\u7559\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff1f\u4ee5\u53ca\uff0c\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u4eba\u985e\u7fa4\u9ad4\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u5c0d\u500b\u9ad4\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u512a\u52e2\uff1f\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u6709\u8cf4\u6211\u5011\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u53bb\u63a2\u5c0b\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5831\u5c0e\u51fa\u8655\uff1aDopamine may have given humans our social edge over other apes<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Sousa A.M.M., et al. (2017). Molecular and cellular reorganization of neural circuits in the human lineage. Science, 358<\/em>(6366), 1027-32.<\/li>\n
  2. Previc F.H. (1999). Dopamine and the Origins of Human Intelligence. Brain and Cognition, 41<\/em>(3), 299-350.<\/li>\n
  3. Schultz W. (2015). Neuronal Reward and Decision Signals: From Theories to Data. Physiol Rev., 95<\/em>(3), 853-951.<\/li>\n
  4. Chen J.Y., et al. (2013). Dopamine imbalance in Huntington's disease: a mechanism for the lack of behavioral flexibility. Front Neurosci., 7<\/em>, 114.<\/li>\n
  5. Raghanti M.A., et al. (2018). A neurochemical hypothesis for the origin of hominids. PNAS<\/em>, published ahead of print January 22, 2018.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00a0--
    \n<\/strong>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u838a\u5b87\u771f\uff0c\u7562\u696d\u65bc\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u5b78\u79d1\u6280\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u73fe\u4efb\u751f\u7269\u91ab\u5b78\u502b\u7406\u9818\u57df\u5c08\u4efb\u7814\u7a76\u52a9\u7406\u3002\u4eba\u751f\u6700\u6a02\u4e4b\u4e8b\u83ab\u904e\u65bc\u627e\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5fd7\u696d\uff0c\u5beb\u4f5c\u4e4b\u65bc\u6211\u6b63\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u70ba\u57ce\u90a6\u90e8\u843d\u683c\u300a\u5065\u5eb7\u77e5\u5fc3\u300b\u4e4b\u683c\u4e3b\uff0c\u64d4\u4efb\u570b\u5167\u300a\u719f\u5e74\u8a8c\u300b\u96dc\u8a8c\u91ab\u85e5\u65b0\u77e5\u7279\u7d04\u4f5c\u8005\u3002\u77e5\u8b58\u662f\u89f8\u89d2\uff0c\u8b93\u4eba\u638c\u63e1\u4e16\u754c\uff1b\u5065\u5eb7\u662f\u8ca1\u5bcc\uff0c\u8b93\u4eba\u4eab\u53d7\u4eba\u751f\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u25a0\u6839\u64da\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\uff08dopamine\uff09\u8207\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u4e59\u91af\u81bd\u9e7c\uff08acetylcholine\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u985e\u66f4\u64c5\u65bc\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u6709\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u4fb5\u7565\u6027\uff0c\u4fc3\u6210\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u7a2e\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u95dc\u9375\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":30431,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,2977,26],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/chimpanzee-2586193_960_720.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30430"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30430"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30430\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31950,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30430\/revisions\/31950"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/30431"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}