{"id":29972,"date":"2017-12-11T00:07:25","date_gmt":"2017-12-10T16:07:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29972"},"modified":"2018-07-29T13:33:16","modified_gmt":"2018-07-29T05:33:16","slug":"%e9%96%83%e9%9b%bb%e7%9a%84%e5%89%af%e7%94%a2%e5%93%81%ef%bc%9a%e6%94%be%e5%b0%84%e6%80%a7%e5%90%8c%e4%bd%8d%e7%b4%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29972","title":{"rendered":"\u9583\u96fb\u7684\u526f\u7522\u54c1\uff1a\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>\u25a0\u4e00\u9805\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u7576\u9583\u96fb\u7522\u751f\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5927\u5bb6\u6240\u719f\u6089\u7684\u96fb\u5149\u8207\u96f7\u8072\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6703\u7522\u751f\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u9673\u52c1\u8c6a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u9583\u96fb\u662f\u5927\u6c23\u4e2d\u7684\u96fb\u8377\u76f8\u4e92\u4e2d\u548c\u5f8c\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u653e\u96fb\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u7576\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u89c0\u6e2c\u9583\u96fb\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u9583\u96fb\u4e4b\u5f8c\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u4f34\u96a8\u8457\u9ad8\u80fd\u91cf\u7684 gamma \u5c04\u7dda\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u9ad8\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u6709\u6642\u6703\u89c0\u6e2c\u5230\u6bd4\u5e73\u5e38\u591a\u7684\u6b63\u96fb\u5b50\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u7406\u7531\u4f86\u540c\u6642\u89e3\u91cb\u9019\u5169\u500b\u89c0\u6e2c\u5230\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u672c\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u698e\u6238\u8f1d\u63da(Teruaki Enoto)\u526f\u6559\u6388\u8207\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u57282017\u5e742\u67086\u65e5\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u4f4d\u65bc\u65e5\u672c\u67cf\u5d0e\u5208\u7fbd\u6838\u80fd\u767c\u96fb\u5ee0\u7684\u8f3b\u5c04\u5075\u6e2c\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c0\u6e2c\u5230\u4e86\u5169\u500b\u7d04\u7565\u540c\u6642\u767c\u751f\u7684\u9583\u96fb\u3002\u9583\u96fb\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8ddd\u96e2\u5075\u6e2c\u5668\u7d04\u5169\u516c\u91cc\u3002\u5728\u9583\u96fb\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u5e7e\u767e\u6beb\u79d2\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u4e86\u96a8\u5f8c\u6240\u767c\u751f\u7684gamma\u5c04\u7dda\u7684\u9918\u6689(afterglow)\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u89c0\u6e2c\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u9918\u6689\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u80fd\u91cf\u7684 gamma \u5c04\u7dda\u9010\u6f38\u7522\u751f\uff0c\u5927\u7d04\u5728\u4e00\u5206\u9418\u5f8c\u9054\u5230\u6700\u5927\u503c\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u500b gamma \u5c04\u7dda\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u7d04\u7565\u7b49\u65bc 0.51MeV\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6b63\u8ca0\u96fb\u5b50\u5c0d\u76f8\u4e92\u6e6e\u6ec5\u6642\u6240\u653e\u51fa\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u80fd\u91cf\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29989\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29989\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-29989\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/2017-11-22-lightning-diagram.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"500\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29989\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Courtesy: University of Kyoto)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u698e\u6238\u8f1d\u63da\u8207\u4ed6\u7684\u5718\u968a\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u89c0\u5bdf\u7d50\u679c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5408\u7406\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u7576\u9583\u96fb\u7522\u751f\u9ad8\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u6642\uff0c\u5149\u5b50\u6703\u8207\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u7684\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5149\u5b50\u80fd\u91cf\u5920\u9ad8\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6c2e14\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4e2d\u5b50\u6572\u6389\uff0c\u8b93\u6c2e14\u8b8a\u6210\u5e36\u6709\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u7684\u6c2e13\u3002\u6c2e13\u63a5\u8457\u6703\u900f\u904e\u9006\u8c9d\u4ed6\u8870\u8b8a(inverse beta decay)\u8b8a\u6210\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u78b313\uff0c\u4e26\u653e\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u6b63\u96fb\u5b50\u3002\u9019\u6642\u9019\u500b\u6b63\u96fb\u5b50\u6703\u8207\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u78b0\u649e\u4e26\u76f8\u4e92\u6e6e\u6ec5\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u653e\u51fa\u5169\u500b\u80fd\u91cf\u70ba 0.511MeV \u7684\u5149\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6c2e14\u6240\u653e\u51fa\u7684\u4e2d\u5b50\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6c2e14\u6355\u7372\u3002\u9019\u6642\u6703\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u5f62\u6210\u6c2e15\uff0c\u800c\u5e36\u6709\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u7684\u6c2e15\u5247\u6703\u53c8\u653e\u51fa gamma \u5c04\u7dda\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u5247\u662f\u6c2e14\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u4e2d\u5b50\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8b93\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u4e2d\u5b50\u8b8a\u6210\u8cea\u5b50\uff0c\u4f7f\u6c2e14\u8b8a\u6210\u78b314\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u70ba\u9583\u96fb\u5f8c\u7684 gamma \u5c04\u7dda\u9918\u6689\u8207\u4f34\u96a8\u7522\u751f\u7684\u6838\u53cd\u61c9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f8c\u7e8c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u6c7a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u78ba\u5207\u6a5f\u5236\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u5be6\u9a57\u9700\u8981\u900f\u904e\u89c0\u6e2c\u9583\u96fb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9664\u4e86\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u5075\u6e2c\u5668\u5916\uff0c\u8010\u5fc3\u8207\u904b\u6c23\u4e5f\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u59cb\u8ad6\u6587\uff1a<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature24630\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Photonuclear reactions triggered by lightning discharge<\/a>\u3000Nature 551, 481\u2013484 (23 November 2017)<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u95dc\u5831\u5c0e\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/physicsworld.com\/cws\/article\/news\/2017\/nov\/22\/lightning-creates-radioactive-isotopes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lightning creates radioactive isotopes<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\">--<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u9673\u52c1\u8c6a\u3000\u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7279\u7d04\u5beb\u624b\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\u5beb\u4f5c\u30022011\u5e74\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u7d10\u7d04\u5dde\u7acb\u77f3\u6eaa\u5927\u5b78(SUNY at Stony Brook)\u53d6\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u984c\u70ba\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\u6027\u91cd\u96e2\u5b50\u78b0\u649e(Relativistic Heavy Ion Collision)\u3002\u9577\u671f\u64d4\u4efb\u4e2d\u6587\u79d1\u5b78\u65b0\u805e\u7db2\u7ad9\u300c\u79d1\u666f\u300d\uff08Sciscape.org\uff09\u7e3d\u7de8\u8f2f\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u65e5\u672c\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u698e\u6238\u8f1d\u63da(Teruaki Enoto)\u526f\u6559\u6388\u8207\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u57282017\u5e742\u67086\u65e5\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u4f4d\u65bc\u65e5\u672c\u67cf\u5d0e\u5208\u7fbd\u6838\u80fd\u767c\u96fb\u5ee0\u7684\u8f3b\u5c04\u5075\u6e2c\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c0\u6e2c\u5230\u4e86\u5169\u500b\u7d04\u7565\u540c\u6642\u767c\u751f\u7684\u9583\u96fb\u3002\u9583\u96fb\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8ddd\u96e2\u5075\u6e2c\u5668\u7d04\u5169\u516c\u91cc\u3002\u5728\u9583\u96fb\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u5e7e\u767e\u6beb\u79d2\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u4e86\u96a8\u5f8c\u6240\u767c\u751f\u7684gamma\u5c04\u7dda\u7684\u9918\u6689(afterglow)\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u89c0\u6e2c\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u9918\u6689\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u80fd\u91cf\u7684gamma\u5c04\u7dda\u9010\u6f38\u7522\u751f\uff0c\u5927\u7d04\u5728\u4e00\u5206\u9418\u5f8c\u9054\u5230\u6700\u5927\u503c\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u500bgamma\u5c04\u7dda\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u7d04\u7565\u7b49\u65bc0.51MeV\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6b63\u8ca0\u96fb\u5b50\u5c0d\u76f8\u4e92\u6e6e\u6ec5\u6642\u6240\u653e\u51fa\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u80fd\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":29988,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,39],"tags":[3675,3674,347],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/2017-11-22-lightning.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29972"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29972"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29972\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31915,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29972\/revisions\/31915"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/29988"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29972"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29972"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29972"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}