{"id":29851,"date":"2017-11-09T00:25:13","date_gmt":"2017-11-08T16:25:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29851"},"modified":"2018-07-29T13:04:25","modified_gmt":"2018-07-29T05:04:25","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%a4%a7%e5%ae%87%e5%ae%99%e5%b0%8f%e6%95%85%e4%ba%8b%e3%80%9146-%e9%9b%bb%e5%ad%90%e6%b3%a2%e8%88%87%e8%ab%be%e8%b2%9d%e7%88%be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29851","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5927\u5b87\u5b99\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\u301146 \u96fb\u5b50\u6ce2\u8207\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u8449\u674e\u83ef<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u4e00\u5b9a\u5b78\u904e\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u99d0\u6ce2\uff0c\u8acb\u60f3\u60f3\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u8b93\u4e00\u689d\u7434\u5f26\u5f62\u6210\u99d0\u6ce2\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u7b26\u5408\u4ec0\u9ebc\u689d\u4ef6\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u6642\u7b54\u4e0d\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u8acb\u5225\u653e\u68c4\uff0c\u5148\u770b\u770b\u4e0b\u5716\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u518d\u60f3\u4e00\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29852\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29852\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29852 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/46-1.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"339\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29852\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u76f4\u7dda\u99d0\u6ce2\uff0c\u5f26\u9577\u5206\u5225\u662f\u534a\u500b\u6ce2\u9577\u76841~6\u500d<br \/>(\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u6b63\u78ba\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u99d0\u6ce2\u7684\u6ce2\u9577\u8981\u548c\u5f26\u9577\u5de7\u5999\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u66f4\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u5f26\u9577\u5fc5\u9808\u7b49\u65bc\u534a\u500b\u6ce2\u9577\u7684\u6574\u6578\u500d\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u8457\u99d0\u6ce2\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6574\u6578\u4f86\u7de8\u865f\u7684\u96e2\u6563\u7d50\u69cb\u2500\u2500\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u96b1\u96b1\u900f\u51fa\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u7684\u5473\u9053\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u4fe1\u4e0d\u4fe1\u7531\u4f60\uff0c\u60f3\u7576\u5e74\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u767c\u5c55\u4e86\u8fd1\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u5c45\u7136\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u60f3\u5230\u9019\u500b\u95dc\u806f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u60f3\u800c\u77e5\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u4e00\u65e6\u6709\u4eba\u6709\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u300c\u9813\u609f\u300d\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u5f88\u5feb\u62b1\u56de\u4e86\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5728\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u96b1\u85cf\u8457\u8a31\u591a\u5076\u7136\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u982d\u8aaa\u8d77\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u5144\u5f1f\u7684\u6545\u4e8b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u570b\u6709\u500b\u6b77\u53f2\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u8cb4\u65cf\u4e16\u5bb6\uff0c\u5f9e\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u8d77\u4fbf\u4eba\u624d\u8f29\u51fa\u3002\u50b3\u5230\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u4ee3\u5171\u6709\u5144\u5f1f\u5169\u4eba\uff0c\u54e5\u5152\u5006\u76f8\u5dee\u5341\u4e03\u6b72\u30021910\u5e74\u5f1f\u5f1f(\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21)\u5927\u5b78\u7562\u696d\u6642\uff0c\u54e5\u54e5\u5df2\u7d93\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b21\u5e74\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u54e5\u54e5\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u5834\u773e\u661f\u96f2\u96c6\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u76db\u6703\uff0c\u5e36\u56de\u4e00\u758a\u6703\u8b70\u8a18\u9304\u7684\u624b\u7a3f\uff0c\u6c92\u60f3\u5230\u56e0\u6b64\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u5f1f\u5f1f\u7684\u5f8c\u534a\u751f\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u5e74\u5f8c\u56de\u61b6\u8d77\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u5f1f\u5f1f\u4f9d\u7136\u8a18\u61b6\u7336\u65b0\uff1a\u300c\u90a3\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u6fc0\u8d77\u6211\u7121\u6bd4\u7684\u71b1\u60c5\uff0c\u666e\u6717\u514b\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u4ecd\u50cf\u4e00\u5718\u8b0e\uff0c\u6211\u6c7a\u5fc3\u76e1\u4e00\u5207\u52aa\u529b\u8a66\u8457\u77ad\u89e3\u5b83\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u7121\u5948\u597d\u4e8b\u591a\u78e8\uff0c\u5341\u4e8c\u5e74\u5f8c\u5f1f\u5f1f\u624d\u5b8c\u6210\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5167\u5bb9\u592a\u904e\u96e2\u7d93\u53db\u9053\uff0c\u6307\u5c0e\u6559\u6388\u9817\u70ba\u7336\u8c6b\u8a72\u4e0d\u8a72\u653e\u884c\u3002\u5e78\u597d\u9019\u6642\u51fa\u73fe\u4e00\u4f4d\u8cb4\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u8072\u8b7d\u66ff\u5f1f\u5f1f\u80cc\u66f8\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u8b9a\u8b7d\u5f1f\u5f1f\u300c\u5c07\u795e\u79d8\u9762\u7d17\u63ed\u958b\u4e86\u4e00\u89d2\u300d\uff0c\u9084\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u6b63\u5728\u9032\u884c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u5f1f\u5f1f\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29853\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29853\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29853\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/46-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29853\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5fb7\u5e03\u7f85\u610f\u5144\u5f1f(\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u9019\u4f4d\u8cb4\u4eba\u6b63\u662f\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u5f1f\u5f1f\u56e0\u6b64\u8072\u540d\u5927\u566a\uff0c\u9806\u5229\u53d6\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u51fa\u5e7e\u5e74\u4fbf\u8d0f\u5f97\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u69ae\u8b7d\u3002\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u8aaa\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a1929\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\u6388\u4e88\u8def\u6613\u2027\u5fb7\u5e03\u7f85\u610f(Louis de Broglie, 1892-1987)\uff0c\u4ee5\u8868\u5f70\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u6ce2\u52d5\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u6ce2\u52d5\u6027\u300d\u6b63\u662f\u5c07\u91cf\u5b50\u9762\u7d17\u63ed\u958b\u4e00\u89d2\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u6df1\u4fe1\u4e0d\u79fb\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6ce2\u8033\u6a21\u578b\u53ea\u5141\u8a31\u96fb\u5b50\u5f85\u5728\u96e2\u6563\u7684\u8ecc\u9053\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u9019\u500b\u5047\u8a2d\u539f\u672c\u6beb\u7121\u7406\u8ad6\u6839\u64da\u3002\u5fb7\u5e03\u7f85\u610f\u5229\u7528\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u6ce2\u52d5\u6027\uff0c\u4e09\u8a00\u5169\u8a9e\u5c31\u628a\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u8aaa\u5f97\u6e05\u6e05\u695a\u695a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9053\u7406\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u5c07\u96fb\u5b50\u8996\u70ba\u6ce2\u52d5\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u7528\u300c\u74b0\u5f62\u99d0\u6ce2\u300d\u89e3\u91cb\u6c2b\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u80fd\u968e\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u74b0\u5f62\u99d0\u6ce2\u8981\u6bd4\u76f4\u7dda\u99d0\u6ce2\u7a0d\u5fae\u8907\u96dc\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u4f46\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u5e7e\u4e4e\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6574\u6578\u4f86\u7de8\u865f\u7684\u96e2\u6563\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u525b\u597d\u5c0d\u61c9\u65bc\u6ce2\u8033(\u6709\u5982\u6c99\u4e0a\u57ce\u5821)\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u8ecc\u9053\u3002(\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5fb7\u5e03\u7f85\u610f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u5faa\u74b0\u7684\u884c\u9032\u6ce2\uff0c\u4f46\u539f\u7406\u4ecd\u5e7e\u4e4e\u76f8\u540c\u3002)<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5018\u82e5\u7121\u6cd5\u8b49\u5be6\u96fb\u5b50\u6ce2\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u6027\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u53ea\u662f\u7a7a\u4e2d\u6a13\u95a3\u7f77\u4e86\u3002\u5fb7\u5e03\u7f85\u610f\u65e2\u7136\u9806\u5229\u7372\u734e\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4ee3\u8868\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\u96fb\u5b50\u6ce2\u5df2\u6709\u4e0d\u5bb9\u7f6e\u7591\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u8b49\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u7236\u5b50\u7684\u6545\u4e8b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u300c\u5e72\u6d89\u300d\u8207\u300c\u7e5e\u5c04\u300d\u90fd\u662f\u6ce2\u7684\u5c08\u5229\uff0c\u4e00\u7fa4\u7c92\u5b50\u4e0d\u8ad6\u600e\u9ebc\u649e\u4f86\u649e\u53bb\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u649e\u51fa\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u73fe\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9032\u884c\u5149\u5b78\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u89c0\u6e2c\u5230\u4e86\u5e72\u6d89\u6216\u7e5e\u5c04\uff0c\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u4f60\u898b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u300c\u5149\u7684\u6ce2\u52d5\u9762\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u300c\u5fae\u7c92\u9762\u300d(\u8acb\u53c3\u8003\u3008<a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29759\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4e00\u9ad4\u5169\u9762<\/a>\u3009)\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u89c0\u6e2c\u5230\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u5e72\u6d89\u6216\u7e5e\u5c04\uff0c\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u9019\u6642\u96fb\u5b50\u5c07\u300c\u5fae\u7c92\u9762\u300d\u96b1\u85cf\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u50c5\u5c0d\u4f60\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u5b83\u7684\u300c\u6ce2\u52d5\u9762\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u8f5f\u64ca\u900f\u660e\u81a0\u7247\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u81a0\u7247\u4e0a\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u5fae\u89c0\u7684\u9699\u7e2b\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u6703\u5f9e\u4e2d\u7a7f\u904e\uff0c\u5c04\u5230\u5f8c\u65b9\u7684\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u3002\u5047\u5982\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u986f\u51fa\u6ce2\u52d5\u6027\uff0c\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u7684\u5716\u6a23\u6703\u985e\u4f3c\u65bc\u300c\u5149\u6ce2\u901a\u904e\u4e8c\u7dad\u5149\u67f5\u300d\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7e5e\u5c04\u5716\u6a23\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5018\u82e5\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u5716\u6a23\uff0c\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u4ecd\u662f\u6211\u5011\u719f\u6089\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u7fa4\u5fae\u7c92\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8b\u5be6\u8b49\u660e\u9019\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u6703\u7522\u751f\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u7e5e\u5c04\u5716\u6a23\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c62\u8a66\u4e0d\u723d\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u8b49\u96fb\u5b50\u6ce2\u7d55\u975e\u60f3\u50cf\u4e2d\u7684\u7522\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u65e9\u5b8c\u6210\u9019\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u82f1\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u6e6f\u59c6\u68ee(George Paget Thomson, 1892-1975)\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u662f1927\u5e74\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u6211\u5011\u6700\u597d\u7a31\u4ed6\u70ba\u5c0f\u6e6f\u59c6\u68ee\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684\u7236\u89aa(J. J. Thomson)\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u904e(\u8acb\u53c3\u8003\u3008<a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29807\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u6545\u4e8b(\u4e0b)<\/a>\u3009)\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29854\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29854\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29854\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/46-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"364\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29854\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u6e6f\u59c6\u68ee\u7236\u5b50(\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u5c0f\u6e6f\u59c6\u68ee\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u597d\u4f3c\u4e00\u8a18\u5b89\u6253\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5e6b\u52a9\u5fb7\u5e03\u7f85\u610f\u5f97\u5206\uff0c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u58d8\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u5341\u5e74\u5f8c\u9806\u5229\u8dd1\u56de\u672c\u58d8\u3002\u9019\u662f\u6e6f\u59c6\u68ee\u5bb6\u62b1\u56de\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\uff0c\u65e9\u57281906\u5e74\uff0c\u8001\u6e6f\u59c6\u68ee\u5c31\u56e0\u70ba\u7814\u7a76\u9670\u6975\u5c04\u7dda\u6210\u70ba\u7269\u7406\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96d6\u8aaa\u300c\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7236\u5b50\u6a94\u300d\u4e0d\u7b97\u5341\u5206\u7f55\u898b\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u81f3\u4eca\u70ba\u6b62\uff0c\u6700\u70ba\u4eba\u6d25\u6d25\u6a02\u9053\u7684\u4ecd\u662f\u6e6f\u59c6\u68ee\u9019\u5c0d\u7236\u5b50\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\u4e5f\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u723a\u5006\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u4e92\u88dc\u539f\u7406\u300d\u7684\u6d3b\u6559\u6750\u3002\u8001\u6e6f\u59c6\u68ee\u7372\u734e\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u767c\u73fe\u300c\u9670\u6975\u5c04\u7dda\u662f\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\uff0c\u800c\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u662f\u5fae\u7c92\u300d\uff0c\u5c0f\u6e6f\u59c6\u68ee\u6458\u4e0b\u6842\u51a0\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5247\u662f\u8b49\u660e\u300c\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u7b49\u65bc\u96fb\u5b50\u6ce2\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u5e2b\u5f92\u7684\u6545\u4e8b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u534a\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u5f8c\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b78\u8005\u56e0\u70ba\u96fb\u5b50\u6ce2\u800c\u69ae\u7372\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u4ed6\u5df2\u7d93\u516b\u5341\u9ad8\u9f61\uff0c\u7372\u734e\u5f8c\u4e00\u5e74\u591a\u4fbf(\u542b\u7b11)\u96e2\u4e16\u3002\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7684\u767c\u660e\u4eba\uff0c\u5fb7\u7c4d\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u9b6f\u65af\u5361(Ernst Ruska, 1906-1988)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9b6f\u65af\u5361\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u6700\u597d\u5f9e\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1(electron microscope)\u9019\u500b\u540d\u5b57\u8aaa\u8d77\u3002\u6216\u8a31\u6709\u4eba\u4ee5\u70ba\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u96fb\u5b50\u5f0f\u7684\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u300d\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u96fb\u5b50\u9336\u662f\u300c\u96fb\u5b50\u5f0f\u7684\u624b\u9336\u300d\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u9019\u7a2e\u89e3\u8b80\u662f\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u78ba\u89e3\u8b80\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u8acb\u8a18\u4f4f\u4e00\u500b\u53e3\u8a23\u5373\u53ef\uff1a\u5149\u5b78\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u5229\u7528\u5149\u6ce2\u7167\u4eae\u6a23\u672c\uff0c\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4ee5\u96fb\u5b50\u6ce2\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5169\u8005\u7684\u300c\u7167\u660e\u300d\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7d30\u83cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5149\u5b78\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4f86\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u75c5\u6bd2\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u52d5\u7528\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u3002\u66f4\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5247\u662f\uff0c\u96fb\u5b50\u6ce2\u7684\u6ce2\u9577\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u5149\u6ce2\u5c0f\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u300c\u7167\u660e\u6e90\u300d\u7684\u6ce2\u9577\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u5c31\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29855\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29855\" style=\"width: 221px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29855\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/46-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"221\" height=\"380\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29855\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u9b6f\u65af\u53611933\u5e74\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7684\u5fa9\u523b\u7248<br \/>(\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u597d\u5947\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u70ba\u4f55\u548c\u6ce2\u9577\u6210\u53cd\u6bd4\uff0c\u6700\u7c21\u4fbf\u7684\u8fa6\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u8166\u6d77\u4e2d\u505a\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u60f3\u60f3\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6ce2\u9577\u8d8a\u77ed\u7684\u6c34\u6ce2\u8d8a\u5bb9\u6613\u300c\u611f\u53d7\u300d\u6c34\u9762\u7684\u969c\u7919\u7269\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u4e0d\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u5148\u64f1\u4e0b\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u627e\u500b\u6a5f\u6703\u89aa\u81ea\u52d5\u624b\u8a66\u8a66\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u9084\u662f\u7e7c\u7e8c\u8b1b\u6545\u4e8b\u5427\u3002\u8a71\u8aaa\u9b6f\u65af\u5361\u65bc1931\u5e74\u521d\u5927\u5b78\u7562\u696d\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5fb7\u570b\u7576\u6642\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0d\u666f\u6c23\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ea\u597d\u7e7c\u7e8c\u653b\u8b80\u96fb\u6a5f\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u63d0\u5347\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u3002\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u6307\u5c0e\u6559\u6388\u5c07\u96fb\u5b50\u8996\u70ba\u5fae\u7c92\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u65e2\u7136\u6539\u7528\u5fae\u7c92\u4f86\u7167\u660e\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u907f\u958b\u4e86\u6ce2\u9577\u5c0d\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6a02\u89c0\u5730\u8a8d\u70ba\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7121\u9650\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u96fb\u6a5f\u5e2b\u5f92\u7576\u6642\u9084\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u5fb7\u5e03\u7f85\u610f\u9019\u865f\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u7576\u5169\u4eba\u7d42\u65bc\u7372\u6089\u96fb\u5b50\u6ce2\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u8d77\u521d\u9b6f\u65af\u5361\u975e\u5e38\u6c23\u9912\uff0c\u9019\u4ee3\u8868\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0a\u9650\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u5f88\u5feb\u767c\u73fe\u4ecd\u7136\u5927\u6709\u53ef\u70ba\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5169\u8005\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u76f8\u5dee\u4e94\u500b\u6578\u91cf\u7d1a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5341\u842c\u500d\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u65bc\u662f\u9b6f\u65af\u5361\u7e7c\u7e8c\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u7e3d\u7b97\u57281933\u5e74(\u7368\u529b)\u505a\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u8d85\u8d8a\u5149\u5b78\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff0c\u9019\u6642\u6307\u5c0e\u6559\u6388\u5df2\u7d93\u8df3\u69fd\u5230\u300c\u5fb7\u5f8b\u98a8\u6839\u300d\u7814\u767c\u96fb\u8996\u6a5f\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5f8c\u4f86\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u4e0a\uff0c\u90a3\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\u7684\u540d\u5b57(Max Knoll)\u4e26\u672a\u548c\u96fb\u8996\u6a5f\u9023\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u53cd\u5012\u662f\u6cbe\u4e86\u5f92\u5f1f\u7684\u5149\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7684\u5171\u540c\u767c\u660e\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u53e6\u4e00\u5c0d\u5e2b\u5f92\u7684\u6545\u4e8b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5c0f\u6e6f\u59c6\u68ee\u57281927\u5e74\u4ee5\u7e5e\u5c04\u5be6\u9a57\u8b49\u660e\u96fb\u5b50\u6ce2\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u6027\uff0c\u5341\u5e74\u5f8c\u69ae\u7372\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u7576\u5e74\u5171\u540c\u7372\u734e\u7684\u9084\u6709\u7f8e\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u6234\u7dad\u68ee(Clinton Davisson, 1881-1958)\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5169\u4eba\u5e7e\u4e4e\u540c\u6642\u505a\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5be6\u9a57\u65b9\u6cd5\u5404\u6709\u5343\u79cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56b4\u683c\u8aaa\u4f86\uff0c\u6234\u7dad\u68ee\u65e9\u57281924\u5e74\u5c31\u548c\u5b78\u751f\u9769\u672b(Lester Germer, 1896-1971)\u958b\u59cb\u9032\u884c\u76f8\u95dc\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u4ed6\u5011\u539f\u672c\u662f\u8981\u5229\u7528\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u7814\u7a76\u91d1\u5c6c\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u548c\u8b49\u660e\u96fb\u5b50\u6ce2\u5b8c\u5168\u626f\u4e0d\u4e0a\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5169\u5e74\u5f8c\u7684\u590f\u5929\uff0c\u6234\u7dad\u68ee\u53bb\u82f1\u570b\u5ea6\u5047\uff0c\u9806\u4fbf\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5b78\u8853\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u9019\u624d\u9a5a\u89ba\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u80fd\u7576\u4f5c\u96fb\u5b50\u6ce2\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u3002\u56de\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u8d95\u7dca\u671d\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u7e3d\u7b97\u548c\u5c0f\u6e6f\u59c6\u68ee\u6253\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5e73\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u53ef\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u90a3\u9ebc\u5e78\u904b\u3002\u9769\u672b\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u8db3\u4ee5\u8b93\u4ed6\u5206\u4eab\u7576\u5e74\u7684\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\uff0c\u537b\u7531\u65bc\u4e0d\u660e\u539f\u56e0\u800c\u5931\u4e4b\u4ea4\u81c2\u3002\u6216\u8a31\u6b63\u56e0\u70ba\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u958b\u59cb\u5bc4\u60c5\u65bc\u5c71\u6c34\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u4f4d\u6210\u529f\u7684\u696d\u9918\u6500\u5ca9\u5bb6\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u523b\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29856\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29856\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29856 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/46-5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"352\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29856\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u300c\u6234\u7dad\u68ee\u2500\u9769\u672b\u5be6\u9a57\u300d\u793a\u610f\u5716\uff0c\u5075\u6e2c\u5668\u5728\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u5074\uff0c<br \/>\u9019\u662f\u548c\u5c0f\u6e6f\u59c6\u68ee\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4e0d\u540c(\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" 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