{"id":29681,"date":"2017-10-11T08:53:51","date_gmt":"2017-10-11T00:53:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29681"},"modified":"2018-07-29T12:20:06","modified_gmt":"2018-07-29T04:20:06","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%a4%a7%e5%ae%87%e5%ae%99%e5%b0%8f%e6%95%85%e4%ba%8b%e3%80%9142-%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e5%85%83%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%8c%e5%93%aa%e4%b8%80%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29681","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5927\u5b87\u5b99\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\u301142 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radiation)\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u540d\u8a5e\u5f88\u4e0d\u89aa\u6c11\uff0c\u5728\u8b1b\u6545\u4e8b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7a0d\u52a0\u89e3\u91cb\u4e00\u756a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5148\u5f9e\u300c\u8f3b\u5c04\u300d\u8b1b\u8d77\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u53ea\u8981\u660e\u767d\u300c\u8f3b\u300d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u540d\u8a5e\u5c31\u4e0d\u96e3\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u300c\u8f3b\u300d\u7684\u672c\u610f\u662f\u9023\u63a5(\u6728\u88fd)\u8eca\u8f2a\u908a\u7de3\u548c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u68cd\u5b50\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u300a\u8001\u5b50\u300b\u4e2d\u5c31\u6709\u300c\u4e09\u5341\u8f3b\u5171\u4e00\u8f42\u300d\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u6839\u64da\u9019\u500b\u5716\u50cf\u767c\u60f3\uff0c\u8f3b\u5c04\u81ea\u7136\u5c31\u662f\u6307(\u67d0\u7a2e\u80fd\u91cf)\u5411\u56db\u9762\u516b\u65b9\u767c\u5c04\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u5927\u53ef\u5c07\u6f23\u6f2a\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u6c34\u6ce2\u7684\u8f3b\u5c04\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29682\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29682\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29682\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/42-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"347\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/42-1.jpg 980w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/42-1-600x416.jpg 600w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/42-1-800x555.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29682\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u6728\u88fd\u8eca\u8f2a\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u70ba\u300c\u5341\u56db\u8f3b\u5171\u4e00\u8f42\u300d(\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u5c31\u9ed1\u9ad4\u8f3b\u5c04\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u91d1\u5c6c\u65e2\u7136\u4eae\u4e86\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u8f3b\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u60f3\u5fc5\u662f\u5149\u6ce2\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u65e9\u5728\u767c\u5149\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u91d1\u5c6c\u5df2\u7d93\u6084\u6084\u5c04\u51fa\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\u7684\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u7d05\u5916\u7dda\u3002\u5728\u300c\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\u5bb6\u65cf\u300d\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d05\u5916\u7dda\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u7d05\u5916\u300d\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u7684\u6ce2\u9577\u8d85\u904e\u7d05\u5149\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6392\u5728\u7d05\u5149\u4e4b\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc5\u9808\u5f37\u8abf\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7576\u91d1\u5c6c\u5347\u6eab\u5230\u767c\u7d05\u6642\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u7d05\u5916\u7dda\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u3002\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u6642\u91d1\u5c6c\u767c\u5c04\u7684\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecd\u662f\u7d05\u5916\u7dda\uff0c\u4f46\u7d05\u5149\u9019\u500b\u300c\u914d\u89d2\u300d\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u9732\u81c9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6eab\u5ea6\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u7d05\u5149\u8b8a\u6210\u4e3b\u89d2\uff0c\u7d05\u5916\u7dda\u4fbf\u6703\u9000\u5c45\u914d\u89d2\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u8272\u5149\u9019\u6642\u4e5f\u662f\u914d\u89d2\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u53ea\u8981\u6eab\u5ea6\u4e0d\u65b7\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u4f9d\u7167\u6a59\u3001\u9ec3\u3001\u7da0\u3001\u85cd\u3001\u975b\u3001\u7d2b\u7684\u9806\u5e8f\u9678\u7e8c\u64d4\u4efb\u4e3b\u89d2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u8457\u518d\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u300c\u9ed1\u9ad4\u300d\u9019\u500b\u8a5e\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u7684\u300c\u9ed1\u300d\u662f\u6307\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\u7684\u5438\u6536\u7387\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u767e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u52c9\u5f37\u4e5f\u80fd\u9867\u540d\u601d\u7fa9\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u91d1\u5c6c\u4e26\u975e\u7d14\u9ed1\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5b83\u5438\u6536\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\u7684\u6548\u7387\u7a0d\u5dee\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u4e0d\u592a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u9ed1\u9ad4\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29683\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29683\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29683\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/42-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"500\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29683\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u9ed1\u9ad4\u8f3b\u5c04\u300c\u5f37\u5ea6vs.\u6ce2\u9577\u300d\u66f2\u7dda\uff0c\u660e\u986f\u5448\u73fe\u9ed1\u9ad4\u6eab\u5ea6\u8207\u5cf0\u503c\u6ce2\u9577\u7684\u76f8\u4f9d\u8da8\u52e2(\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u91cf\u5b50\u6416\u7c43<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u65e9\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u8449\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c31\u5c0d\u9ed1\u9ad4\u8f3b\u5c04\u7522\u751f\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u59cb\u7d42\u672a\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u89e3\u91cb\u9019\u500b\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u554f\u984c\u4e3b\u8981\u51fa\u5728\u773e\u591a\u7684\u914d\u89d2\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8ad6\u91d1\u5c6c\u591a\u51b7\u6216\u591a\u71b1\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u90fd\u80fd\u8f3b\u5c04\u5404\u7a2e\u6ce2\u9577\u7684\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u300c\u4e3b\u89d2\u300d\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u6eab\u5ea6\u800c\u8b8a\u3002\u4f8b\u59821000\u2103\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u91d1\u5c6c\u767c\u51fa\u7684\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\uff0c\u4e3b\u89d2\u662f\u6ce2\u9577\u7d042300\u5948\u7c73\u7684\u7d05\u5916\u7dda\uff1b5000\u2103\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u91d1\u5c6c\uff0c\u4e3b\u89d2\u5247\u662f\u5927\u7d04550\u5948\u7c73\u6ce2\u9577\u7684\u7da0\u5149\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u5728\u54ea\u500b\u6eab\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u9ed1\u9ad4\u8f3b\u5c04\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6ce2\u9577\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u6ce2\u9577\u662f\u8f3b\u5c04\u5f37\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6ce2\u9577\u90fd\u662f\u914d\u89d2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u95dc\u5fc3\u4e3b\u89d2\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u554f\u984c\u4e26\u4e0d\u592a\u96e3\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u60f3\u756b\u51fa\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u300c\u5f37\u5ea6vs.\u6ce2\u9577\u300d\u66f2\u7dda\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u51431900\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u505a\u5f97\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u56e0\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u9ed1\u9ad4\u8f3b\u5c04\u727d\u6d89\u5230\u4e86\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u6548\u61c9\uff0c\u5149\u7528\u53e4\u5178\u7269\u7406(\u529b\u5b78\uff0b\u96fb\u78c1\u5b78\uff0b\u71b1\u529b\u5b78)\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u5713\u6eff\u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u8acb\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u9019\u9ebc\u8aaa\u662f\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u5f8c\u898b\u4e4b\u660e\u3002\u7576\u6642\u7d55\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u90fd\u76f8\u4fe1\u53e4\u5178\u7269\u7406\u8db3\u4ee5\u89e3\u91cb\u842c\u4e8b\u842c\u7269\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u60f3\u4f86\uff0c\u9ed1\u9ad4\u8f3b\u5c04\u9003\u4e0d\u51fa\u5b83\u7684\u624b\u638c\u5fc3\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89ba\u90fd\u8d70\u5165\u4e86\u6b7b\u80e1\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29684\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29684\" style=\"width: 242px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29684\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/42-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"242\" height=\"300\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29684\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">75\u6b72\u7684\u666e\u6717\u514b(\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u91cf\u5b50\u4e4b\u7236\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u4fe1\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u662f\u5fb7\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u666e\u6717\u514b(Max Planck, 1858-1947)\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u5c0a\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u4e4b\u7236\u300d\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u66f2\u66f2\u6298\u6298\uff0c\u537b\u662f\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u79d1\u666e\u66f8\u4e0d\u6703\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8209\u4f8b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u666e\u6717\u514b\u7814\u7a76\u9ed1\u9ad4\u8f3b\u5c04\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\u4fbf\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u8ff7\u601d\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6587\u737b\u90fd\u8aaa\u4ed6\u662f\u70ba\u7814\u7a76\u800c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u89e3\u6c7a\u9ed1\u9ad4\u8f3b\u5c04\u4e4b\u8b0e\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e26\u975e\u90a3\u9ebc\u56de\u4e8b\u3002\u5c0d\u666e\u6717\u514b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u53ea\u662f\u624b\u6bb5(\u6216\u66f0\u793a\u7bc4)\uff0c\u4ed6\u771f\u6b63\u95dc\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u71b1\u529b\u5b78\u5f9e\u529b\u5b78\u7cfb\u7d71\u63a8\u5ee3\u5230\u96fb\u78c1\u5b78\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u89ba\u5f97\u9019\u500b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5f88\u65b0\u9bae\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4f60\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u71b1\u529b\u5b78\u6b63\u662f\u666e\u6717\u514b\u7684\u672c\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u70ba\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8d8a\u626f\u8d8a\u9060\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u5c31\u4e0d\u6df1\u7a76\u4ed6\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e86\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u8d95\u7dca\u56de\u904e\u982d\u4f86\uff0c\u628a\u7126\u9ede\u653e\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u66f2\u6298\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u66f2\u6298\u4e00\uff1a\u5728\u3008<a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29553\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u8ab0\u8d0f\u4e0d\u4e86<\/a>\u3009\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u66fe\u7d93\u5f37\u8abf\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u6ce2\u8332\u66fc\u516c\u5f0f\u300d\u8207\u300c\u6ce2\u8332\u66fc\u5e38\u6578\u300d\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u666e\u6717\u514b\u767c\u660e\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6050\u6015\u4f60\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u666e\u6717\u514b\u539f\u672c\u662f\u7ad9\u5728\u6ce2\u8332\u66fc\u7684\u5c0d\u7acb\u9762\uff0c\u53cd\u5c0d\u4efb\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u5b50\u8ad6\u7684\u5b78\u8aaa\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u9ed1\u9ad4\u8f3b\u5c04\uff0c\u4ed6\u624d\u9010\u6f38\u6539\u8b8a\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5fb9\u5e95\u5012\u6208\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u6ce2\u8332\u66fc\u7684\u5805\u5b9a\u64c1\u8b77\u8005\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5c07\u5176\u5b78\u8aaa\u767c\u63da\u5149\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u66f2\u6298\u4e8c\uff1a\u9ed1\u9ad4\u8f3b\u5c04\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u516c\u5f0f\u8a95\u751f\u65bc1900\u5e74\u5341\u6708\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u666e\u6717\u514b\u6839\u64da\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u7528\u4e0d\u6b63\u898f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u786c\u6e4a\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u63a5\u8457\u4ed6\u53c8\u5ee2\u5be2\u5fd8\u98df\u52aa\u529b\u4e86\u8fd1\u5169\u500b\u6708\uff0c\u624d\u7d42\u65bc\u7528\u7406\u8ad6\u7269\u7406\u63a8\u5c0e\u51fa\u9019\u500b\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u65bc12\u670814\u65e5\u5728\u5fb7\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u6703\u6b63\u5f0f\u767c\u8868(\u9019\u4fbf\u662f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u300c\u6ce2\u8332\u66fc\u516c\u5f0f\u300d\u8207\u300c\u6ce2\u8332\u66fc\u5e38\u6578\u300d\u7684\u51fa\u8655)\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e4b\u6545\uff0c\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u5c07\u9019\u4e00\u5929\u8996\u70ba\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u7684\u751f\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u66f2\u6298\u4e09\uff1a\u5176\u5be6\u666e\u6717\u514b\u5c0d\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6210\u679c\u4e26\u4e0d\u6eff\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u63a8\u5c0e\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5f9e\u6ce2\u8332\u66fc\u90a3\u5152\u501f\u4f86\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u5047\u8a2d\u80fd\u91cf\u662f\u96e2\u6563\u7684\u3002\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6ce2\u8332\u66fc\u8207\u666e\u6717\u514b\u5728\u5167\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e00\u5f8b\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u985e\u5047\u8a2d\u53ea\u662f\u8a08\u7b97\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6b0a\u5b9c\u4e4b\u8a08\u3002\u4f46\u5947\u602a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u7528\u9019\u500b\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u537b\u53c8\u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u666e\u6717\u514b\u61f7\u7591\u9019\u500b\u6578\u5b78\u6280\u5de7\u80cc\u5f8c\u96b1\u542b\u67d0\u7a2e\u7269\u7406\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u82b1\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5728\u53e4\u5178\u7269\u7406\u4e2d\u5c0b\u5c0b\u8993\u8993\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u60f3\u7576\u7136\u8033\u662f\u5f92\u52de\u7121\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u66f2\u6298\u56db\uff1a\u5982\u4eca\u6211\u5011\u7528\u5f8c\u898b\u4e4b\u660e\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u767c\u73fe\u5728\u666e\u6717\u514b\u7684\u63a8\u5c0e\u4e2d\uff0c\u96b1\u85cf\u8457\u4e00\u500b\u6975\u5176\u5e78\u904b\u7684\u5de7\u5408\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u5169\u500b\u932f\u8aa4\u89c0\u5ff5\u5f7c\u6b64\u5c0d\u6d88\uff0c\u624d\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u8ca0\u8ca0\u5f97\u6b63\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0\u7a0d\u5acc\u6df1\u5967\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u5c31\u4e0d\u8a73\u52a0\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7e3d\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u66f2\u6298\uff0c\u5c11\u6578\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u5bb6\u4e26\u4e0d\u627f\u8a8d1900\u5e74\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5143\u5e74\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u8072\u97f3\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9019\u500b\u9663\u71df\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u8d6b\u8d6b\u6709\u540d\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u2500\u2500\u5178\u7bc4\u8f49\u79fb\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u767c\u660e\u4eba\u5b54\u6069(Thomas Kuhn, 1922-1996)\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8ab0\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6562\u5c0f\u89b7\u9019\u500b\u89c0\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5018\u82e5\u4f60\u554f\u5b54\u6069\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u662f\u4f55\u6642\u8a95\u751f\u7684\uff1f\u4ed6\u6703\u65ac\u91d8\u622a\u9435\u5730\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\uff1a\u4e94\u5e74\u5f8c\uff01<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u5f9e\u91cf\u5b50\u5230\u5149\u5b50<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u516c\u51431905\u5e74\u4e09\u6708\uff0c\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5b8c\u6210\u3008\u95dc\u65bc\u5149\u4e4b\u7522\u751f\u8207\u8f49\u5316\u7684\u555f\u767c\u6027\u89c0\u9ede\u3009\u9019\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u7a2e\u5d84\u65b0(\u800c\u4e14\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u78ba\u7684)\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u8a6e\u91cb\u666e\u6717\u514b\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u611b\u6c0f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u7576\u5de7\u5999\uff0c\u4ed6\u5148\u7528\u96fb\u78c1\u5b78\u548c\u71b1\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u7b97\u51fa\u9ed1\u9ad4\u8f3b\u5c04\u4e2d\u67d0\u500b\u6975\u9ad8\u983b\u7387(\u4ea6\u5373\u6975\u77ed\u6ce2\u9577)\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u71b5\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5f0f\u5b50\u5341\u5206\u985e\u4f3c\u300c\u7406\u60f3\u6c23\u9ad4\u7684\u71b5\u300d\uff0c\u611b\u6c0f\u56e0\u6b64\u5927\u81bd\u5047\u8a2d\uff1a\u5c31\u67d0\u65b9\u9762\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9ad8\u983b\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\u5f88\u50cf\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7531\u8a31\u8a31\u591a\u591a\u300c\u5fae\u7c92\u300d\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>(\u7d44\u6210\u6c23\u9ad4\u7684\u5fae\u7c92\u7576\u7136\u662f\u6c23\u9ad4\u5206\u5b50\uff1b\u7d44\u6210\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\u7684\u5fae\u7c92\u5247\u662f\u5982\u4eca\u6211\u5011\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u8acb\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u5047\u8aaa\u5728\u7576\u6642\u9084\u4e0d\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u800c\u300c\u5149\u5b50\u300d\u66f4\u662f\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u5f8c\u624d\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u540d\u8a5e\uff0c\u7576\u5e74\u611b\u6c0f\u5728\u8ad6\u6587\u4e2d\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u5149\u91cf\u5b50\u300d\u3002)<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u89c0\u9ede\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u96e2\u6563\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u7e3d\u7b97\u6709\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u500b\u5149\u5b50\u651c\u5e36\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u666e\u6717\u514b\u5f8c\u4f86\u69ae\u73721918\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\uff0c\u5f97\u734e\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u300c\u767c\u73fe\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7b26\u5408\u53f2\u5be6\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u8aaa\u6cd5\u53ef\u8aaa\u62ff\u634f\u5f97\u6070\u5230\u597d\u8655\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4e09\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u7576\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7d42\u65bc\u6c7a\u5b9a\u9812\u734e\u7d66\u611b\u6c0f\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5247\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u8868\u5f70\u300c\u4ed6\u5c0d\u7406\u8ad6\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u767c\u73fe\u5149\u96fb\u6548\u61c9\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5f8b\u3002\u300d(\u4ed6\u5006\u7372\u9812\u7684\u5176\u5be6\u90fd\u662f\u524d\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u7269\u7406\u734e\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u8003\u3008<a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29496\">\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u4e4b\u6700<\/a>\u3009\u3002)<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4eca\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5b98\u65b9\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5be6\u5728\u662f\u4fdd\u5b88\u5f97\u904e\u5206\u4e86\u3002\u300c\u5149\u96fb\u6548\u61c9\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5f8b\u300d\u7576\u7136\u662f\u5149\u5b50\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u9069\u7528\u7bc4\u570d\u537b\u9060\u4e0d\u6b62\u5149\u96fb\u6548\u61c9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u60f3\u8981\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5730\u89e3\u91cb\u9ed1\u9ad4\u8f3b\u5c04\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u50cf\u611b\u6c0f\u90a3\u6a23\u8acb\u5149\u5b50\u51fa\u99ac\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5eb7\u666e\u9813\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u5149\u5b50\u66f4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u90a3\u7576\u7136\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u6545\u4e8b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e00\uff1a\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\u662f\u500b\u5927\u5bb6\u65cf\uff0c\u6210\u54e1\u53ef\u6839\u64da\u983b\u7387\u6216\u6ce2\u9577\u5206\u6210\u4e03\u5927\u652f(\u5171\u901a\u9ede\u662f\u6ce2\u901f\uff1d\u5149\u901f\uff1d\u983b\u7387\u4e58\u6ce2\u9577)\u3002\u82e5\u6839\u64da\u983b\u7387\u5927\u5c0f\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u9019\u4e03\u652f\u4f9d\u6b21\u70ba\u7121\u7dda\u96fb\u6ce2\u3001\u5fae\u6ce2\u3001\u7d05\u5916\u7dda\u3001\u53ef\u898b\u5149\u3001\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u3001X\u5c04\u7dda\u3001\u03b3\u5c04\u7dda\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u4e9b\u5283\u5206\u76f8\u7576\u4eba\u5de5\u5316\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u5206\u754c\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u53ef\u898b\u5149\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u300c\u5f69\u8679\u300d\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u9023\u7e8c\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e8c\uff1a\u300c\u5149\u96fb\u6548\u61c9\u300d(photoelectric effect)\u8207\u300c\u5149\u96fb\u5de5\u7a0b\u300d(optoelectronics)\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u6307\u7a31\u300c\u91d1\u5c6c\u53d7\u5230\u5149\u675f\u7167\u5c04\u800c\u5c04\u51fa\u96fb\u5b50\u300d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u5247\u6cdb\u6307\u300c\u727d\u6d89\u5230\u5149\u5b78\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u5b78\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u5149\u96fb\u5b50\u5b78\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e09\uff1a\u57281905\u5e74\u90a3\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u524d\u8a00\uff0c\u611b\u6c0f\u5beb\u4e86\u9019\u9ebc\u4e00\u53e5\u8a71\uff1a\u300c\u5728\u6211\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u300e\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\u7684\u5149\u80fd\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u662f\u4e0d\u9023\u7e8c\u7684\u300f\u9019\u500b\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u51e1\u662f\u6709\u95dc\u5149\u7684\u767c\u5c04\u8207\u8f49\u5316\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9ed1\u9ad4\u8f3b\u5c04\u3001\u5149\u81f4\u767c\u5149\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7d2b\u5916\u5149\u7522\u751f\u9670\u6975\u5c04\u7dda\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u8f03\u4f73\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u300c\u7d2b\u5916\u5149\u7522\u751f\u9670\u6975\u5c04\u7dda\u300d\u6b63\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u5149\u96fb\u6548\u61c9\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u611b\u6c0f\u8ad6\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u8a72\u6587\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5167\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a 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