{"id":29664,"date":"2017-10-06T01:01:55","date_gmt":"2017-10-05T17:01:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29664"},"modified":"2018-10-03T08:53:27","modified_gmt":"2018-10-03T00:53:27","slug":"%e3%80%902016%e8%ab%be%e8%b2%9d%e7%88%be%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%b8%e7%8d%8e%e3%80%91%e5%b0%87%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e6%8d%95%e6%8d%89%e5%9c%a8%e5%8e%9f%e5%ad%90%e7%9a%84%e7%b4%b0%e7%af%80%e4%b8%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29664","title":{"rendered":"\u30102017\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\u3011\u5c07\u751f\u547d\u6355\u6349\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0\u4e2d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-29672\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Chemistry-Nobel-2017jpg.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"660\" height=\"560\"><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">\u25a0Jacques Dubochet (\u675c\u6ce2\u514b\u7279)\u3001Joachim Frank (\u6cd5\u862d\u514b)\u3001\u8207Richard Henderson (\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee)\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u4eca\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u6842\u51a0\uff0c\u8868\u5f70\u4ed6\u5011\u70ba\u53d6\u5f97\u751f\u547d\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u4e09\u7dad\u5f71\u50cf\u6240\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u904b\u7528\u4f4e\u6eab\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u8853\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u73fe\u5728\u80fd\u51cd\u7d50\u884c\u52d5\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u4e26\u4ee5\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u63cf\u7e6a\u4e4b\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6280\u8853\u5c07\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b78\u5e36\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u7d00\u5143\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7de8\u8b6f\uff5c<\/strong>\u6797\u5b87\u8ed2\uff0c\u66f9\u4e00\u5141\uff0c\u8521\u860a\u660e(\u672c\u6587\u611f\u8b1d\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u8521\u860a\u660e\u8001\u5e2b\u63d0\u4f9b)<\/p>\n<p>\u904e\u53bb\u9019\u5e7e\u5e74\uff0c\u5404\u7a2e\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u6a5f\u5668\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u8a1d\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u5145\u65a5\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u79d1\u5b78\u6587\u737b\u4e2d(\u5716\u4e00)\uff1a\u6c99\u9580\u6c0f\u687f\u83cc(salmonella)\u653b\u64ca\u7d30\u80de\u6240\u7528\u7684\u6ce8\u5c04\u91dd\uff1b\u5177\u6709\u62b5\u6297\u5316\u5b78\u6cbb\u7642\u53ca\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\uff1b\u63a7\u5236\u665d\u591c\u7bc0\u5f8b\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u932f\u5408\u7269\uff1b\u5149\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\u4e2d\u6355\u6349\u5149\u7dda\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u932f\u5408\u7269\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u500b\u80fd\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u807d\u898b\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u611f\u6e2c\u5668\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u53ea\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u7528\u4f4e\u6eab\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u8853(\u7c21\u7a31cryo-EM)\u986f\u50cf\u7684\u6578\u767e\u500b\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7576\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u958b\u59cb\u61f7\u7591\u8332\u5361(Zika)\u75c5\u6bd2\u662f\u9020\u6210\u5df4\u897f\u65b0\u751f\u5152\u8166\u90e8\u640d\u50b7\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5143\u51f6\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5229\u7528cryo-EM\u4f86\u89c0\u5bdf\u9019\u500b\u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u5728\u5e7e\u500b\u6708\u5167\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u5177\u6709\u539f\u5b50\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u7684\u75c5\u6bd2\u4e09\u7dad\u5f71\u50cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u80fd\u958b\u59cb\u5c0b\u627e\u5176\u7d50\u69cb\u4e2d\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u6a19\u9776\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u675c\u6ce2\u514b\u7279\u3001\u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u3001\u8207\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u7b49\u4eba\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u7684\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u4e86cryo-EM\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e36\u9818\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b78\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u7d00\u5143\uff0c\u8b93\u5b83\u6bd4\u4ee5\u524d\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u6355\u6349\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29665\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29665\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29665\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Figure1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"208\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29665\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e00 \u904e\u53bb\u9019\u5e7e\u5e74\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u932f\u5408\u7269\u7d50\u69cb a. \u4e00\u500b\u63a7\u5236\u665d\u591c\u7bc0\u5f8b\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u932f\u5408\u7269 b. \u4e00\u500b\u8b80\u53d6\u8033\u5167\u58d3\u529b\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u611f\u6e2c\u5668\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u807d\u5230\u8072\u97f3 c. \u8332\u5361(Zika)\u75c5\u6bd2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u5f71\u50cf \u2500<\/strong> <strong>\u7372\u53d6\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u95dc\u9375<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u572820\u4e16\u7d00\u524d\u534a\u9801\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50 \u2013 \u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3001DNA\u4ee5\u53caRNA \u2013 \u4ecd\u662f\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b78\u7684\u5730\u5716\u4e2d\u4e00\u584a\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u65b0\u5927\u9678\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u4e9b\u5206\u5b50\u5728\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u5c0d\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5916\u89c0\u6beb\u7121\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u76f4\u52301950\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u528d\u6a4b\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u628a\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7d50\u6676\u653e\u5230X\u5c04\u7dda\u5e95\u4e0b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u770b\u51fa\u5176\u6ce2\u6d6a\u548c\u87ba\u65cb\u5f62\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\uff0cX\u5c04\u7dda\u6676\u9ad4\u5b78\u8207\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u8b5c\u6cd5(NMR spectroscopy)\u5206\u5225\u7528\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\u56fa\u9ad4\u548c\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u6280\u8853\u4e0d\u53ea\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u66b4\u9732\u4e86\u5b83\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u79fb\u52d5\u4ee5\u53ca\u8207\u5176\u5b83\u5206\u5b50\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u591a\u8667\u4e86\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u6709\u5305\u542b\u6578\u5343\u7a2e\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u7528\u65bc\u5f9e\u57fa\u790e\u7814\u7a76\u5230\u85e5\u7269\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u5404\u500b\u9818\u57df\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u8b5c\u6cd5\u53ea\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u6bd4\u8f03\u5c0f\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\uff0cX\u5c04\u7dda\u6676\u9ad4\u5b78\u5247\u9700\u8981\u5206\u5b50\u5f62\u6210\u7d50\u69cb\u6574\u9f4a\u7684\u6676\u9ad4\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u6c34\u7d50\u6210\u51b0\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u6676\u9ad4\u5f71\u50cf\u5c31\u50cf\u65e9\u671f\u76f8\u6a5f\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u9ed1\u767d\u8096\u50cf \u2013 \u5b83\u5011\u50f5\u786c\u7684\u59ff\u614b\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7121\u6cd5\u986f\u793a\u51fa\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5206\u5b50\u7121\u6cd5\u81ea\u884c\u6392\u5217\u5f62\u6210\u6676\u9ad4\uff0c\u9019\u8b93\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u57281970\u5e74\u4ee3\u653e\u68c4\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528X\u5c04\u7dda\u6676\u9ad4\u5b78 \u2013 \u9019\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f2017\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u958b\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u6676\u9ad4\u7684\u8af8\u591a\u554f\u984c\u4f7f\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u8f49\u63db\u8dd1\u9053<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\u662f\u5728X\u5c04\u7dda\u6676\u9ad4\u5b78\u7684\u5821\u58d8 \u2013 \u82f1\u570b\u528d\u6a4b\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u904b\u7528X\u5c04\u7dda\u6676\u9ad4\u5b78\u4f7f\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u6210\u50cf\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8a66\u5716\u7d50\u6676\u4e00\u7a2e\u5929\u7136\u5d4c\u5165\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u4e2d\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u6642\u78b0\u4e86\u91d8\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u819c\u86cb\u767d\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u96e3\u4ee5\u8655\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u7576\u5b83\u5011\u5f9e\u539f\u672c\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u6642\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u6703\u5806\u7a4d\u6210\u4e00\u5718\u7121\u7528\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u3002\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u819c\u86cb\u767d\u76f8\u7576\u96e3\u4ee5\u88fd\u5099\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u91cf\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u819c\u86cb\u767d\u5247\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u7d50\u6676\u3002\u7d93\u904e\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u632b\u6557\uff0c\u4ed6\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8f49\u5411\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7576\u7136\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u8853\u662f\u5426\u771f\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u9019\u9ede\uff0c\u5728\u7576\u6642\u4ecd\u662f\u53ef\u8b70\u7684\u3002\u7a7f\u900f\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u8853\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5176\u540d\uff0c\u904b\u4f5c\u985e\u4f3c\u666e\u901a\u7684\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u537b\u662f\u7528\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u800c\u975e\u5149\u4f86\u7a7f\u900f\u6a23\u54c1\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u6ce2\u9577\u6bd4\u53ef\u898b\u5149\u5c0f\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u80fd\u5920\u770b\u5230\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u7684\u7d50\u69cb \u2013 \u751a\u81f3\u662f\u500b\u5225\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u61c9\u8a72\u9060\u9ad8\u65bc\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u7528\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\u819c\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u7d50\u69cb\u6240\u9700\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u9019\u500b\u8a08\u756b\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u30021930\u5e74\u4ee3\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u767c\u660e\u6642\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u6280\u8853\u53ea\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u975e\u6d3b\u9ad4\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9ad8\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u5f71\u50cf\u6240\u9700\u7684\u9ad8\u5f37\u5ea6\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\uff0c\u6703\u71d2\u6bc0\u751f\u7269\u6750\u6599\u3002\u4f46\u82e5\u6e1b\u5f31\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u7684\u5f37\u5ea6\uff0c\u5f71\u50cf\u5247\u6703\u5931\u53bb\u5c0d\u6bd4\u5ea6\u800c\u8b8a\u5f97\u6a21\u7cca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u8853\u9700\u8981\u771f\u7a7a\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u9019\u689d\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e0b\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u6703\u56e0\u5468\u906d\u6c34\u5206\u84b8\u767c\u800c\u8b8a\u8cea\u3002\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u4e7e\u71e5\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6703\u6298\u758a\u4e26\u5931\u53bb\u539f\u672c\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\u5931\u53bb\u610f\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7a2e\u7a2e\u8de1\u8c61\u90fd\u8868\u660e\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u6703\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u8a08\u756b\u88ab\u4ed6\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u300c\u83cc\u7d2b\u8cea\u300d\u62ef\u6551\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29666\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29666\" style=\"width: 297px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29666\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Figure2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"297\" height=\"400\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29666\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e8c \u65bc1975\u5e74\u767c\u8868\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u83cc\u7d2b\u8cea(bacteriorhodopsin)\u7684\u7c97\u7565\u6a21\u578b(\u5716\u4f86\u81ea\u65bcNature 257: 28-32)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u5c0d\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u800c\u8a00\u8fc4\u4eca\u6700\u597d\u7684\u9084\u4e0d\u5920\u597d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u83cc\u7d2b\u8cea\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5149\u5408\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u7684\u7d2b\u8272\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u652b\u53d6\u4f86\u81ea\u592a\u967d\u5149\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u4e26\u975e\u50cf\u5148\u524d\u4e00\u6a23\u628a\u654f\u611f\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5f9e\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u5206\u96e2\uff0c\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u6574\u500b\u7d2b\u8272\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u653e\u5230\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u5e95\u4e0b\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u88ab\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u5305\u570d\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u6703\u4fdd\u6301\u539f\u672c\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u6a23\u54c1\u8868\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u4e0d\u5728\u771f\u7a7a\u5e95\u4e0b\u4e7e\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5229\u7528\u83cc\u7d2b\u8cea\u5206\u5b50\u5806\u758a\u5728\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6027\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e26\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u5291\u91cf\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u8f5f\u64ca\uff0c\u6539\u4ee5\u8f03\u5f31\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u6d41\u904e\u6a23\u54c1\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u6a23\u62ff\u5230\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5c0d\u6bd4\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u770b\u6e05\u500b\u5225\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u6574\u9f4a\u5806\u758a\u6210\u76f8\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8b93\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u77e5\u9053\u6240\u6709\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7e5e\u5c04\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u61c9\u8a72\u5e7e\u4e4e\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u4ed6\u5011\u80fd\u5920\u5f9e\u7e5e\u5c04\u5716\u4e2d\u8a08\u7b97\u51fa\u66f4\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u5f71\u50cf \u2013 \u985e\u4f3cX\u5c04\u7dda\u6676\u9ad4\u5b78\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u8f49\u52d5\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u819c\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u8a31\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u5ea6\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\u3002\u5229\u7528\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u57281975\u5e74\u5efa\u69cb\u4e86\u83cc\u7d2b\u8cea\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u7c97\u75653D\u6a21\u578b(\u57162)\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u93c8\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u5167\u7a7f\u8d8a\u4e03\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u662f\u7576\u5e74\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u4f86\u7528\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5f71\u50cf\u4e2d\u54c1\u8cea\u6700\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u90a37\u57c3(0.0000007\u6beb\u7c73)\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u5c0d\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u800c\u8a00\u9084\u662f\u4e0d\u5920\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u80fd\u5920\u9054\u5230X\u5c04<\/p>\n<p>\u7dda\u6676\u9ad4\u5b78\u6240\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u7d043\u57c3\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u5805\u4fe1\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u8853\u9084\u53ef\u505a\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee<\/strong><strong>\u5f97\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u539f\u5b50\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u7684\u5f71\u50cf<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u5e7e\u5e74\uff0c\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u8853\u7684\u6280\u8853\u9010\u6f38\u9032\u6b65\u3002\u93e1\u7247\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u51b7\u51cd\u6280\u8853\u7684\u9032\u5c55(\u6211\u5011\u5f8c\u7e8c\u6703\u8ac7\u5230)\uff0c\u5728\u6e2c\u91cf\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7528\u6db2\u614b\u6c2e\u51b7\u537b\u6a23\u54c1\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u5b83\u5011\u88ab\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u640d\u58de\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u9010\u6f38\u5728\u83cc\u7d2b\u8cea\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u7d30\u7bc0\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u7372\u5f97\u6700\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c0b\u627e\u8457\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u597d\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u90fd\u6709\u500b\u81ea\u7684\u7f3a\u9ede\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u8fa6\u6cd5\u76f8\u4e92\u88dc\u8db3\u3002\u7d42\u65bc\uff0c\u57281990\u5e74\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u767c\u8868\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u6a21\u578b\u768415\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u9054\u5230\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u4e26\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u5230\u9054\u539f\u5b50\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u83cc\u7d2b\u8cea\u7d50\u69cb(\u57163)\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29667\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29667\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29667\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Figure3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"550\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29667\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e09 \u65bc1990\u5e74\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u5230\u9054\u539f\u5b50\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u7684\u83cc\u7d2b\u8cea\u7d50\u69cb<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u4ed6\u56e0\u6b64\u8b49\u660e\u4e86cryo-EM\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u8207\u4f7f\u7528X\u5c04\u7dda\u6676\u9ad4\u5b78\u76f8\u540c\u7d30\u7bc0\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u9032\u5c55\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff1a\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u80fd\u5920\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u5728\u819c\u4e2d\u6574\u9f4a\u5806\u758a\u3002\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u4ee5\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u81ea\u767c\u5730\u6392\u5217\u3002\u554f\u984c\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u5426\u63a8\u5ee3\uff1a\u80fd\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u5f9e\u96a8\u6a5f\u5206\u6563\u5728\u6a23\u54c1\u4e2d\u4e26\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u6392\u5217\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7522\u751f\u9ad8\u89e3\u6790\u5ea63D\u5f71\u50cf\uff1f\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u76f8\u4fe1\u6709\u8fa6\u6cd5\u505a\u5230\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u537b\u89ba\u5f97\u9019\u53ea\u662f\u500b\u70cf\u6258\u90a6\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u5074\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7d10\u7d04\u5dde\u885b\u751f\u7f72\u7684\u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u4e5f\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u30021975\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e8c\u7dad\u5716\u50cf\u4e2d\u986f\u7136\u53ea\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5c11\u6578\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u4f75\u5f97\u5230\u4e09\u7dad\u9ad8\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\u3002\u4ed6\u82b1\u4e86\u8d85\u904e\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29668\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29668\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29668\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Figure4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"1010\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29668\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u56db \u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u7684\u4e09\u570d\u7d50\u69cb\u5f71\u50cf\u5206\u6790<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u6cd5\u862d\u514b<\/strong><strong>\u53bb\u856a\u5b58\u83c1\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\u5206\u6790\u6cd5<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u7684\u7b56\u7565(\u57164)\u662f\u5c07\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u6240\u5f97\u65b9\u4f4d\u7d0a\u4e82\u4e4b\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u5fae\u5f31\u5f71\u50cf\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u96fb\u8166\u5c07\u4e4b\u8207\u80cc\u666f\u5340\u5225\u958b\u4f86\u3002\u4ed6\u958b\u767c\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u6578\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u96fb\u8166\u80fd\u5920\u8fa8\u8b58\u51fa\u5f71\u50cf\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u91cd\u8907\u5716\u5f62\u3002\u63a5\u8457\uff0c\u96fb\u8166\u5c07\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5716\u5f62\u5206\u985e\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u7d44\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u5716\u5f62\u4e2d\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u5408\u4f75\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u51fa\u5e73\u5747\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\u3002\u85c9\u7531\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u540c\u7a2e\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u4f46\u5f9e\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u5ea6\u7167\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u9ad8\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u4e8c\u7dad\u5f71\u50cf\u3002\u8a72\u8edf\u9ad4\u7684\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u65bc1981\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u6578\u5b78\u4e0a\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e8c\u7dad\u5f71\u50cf\u5982\u4f55\u5f7c\u6b64\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u57fa\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u8a0a\u606f\u5efa\u7acb\u51fa\u4e09\u7dad\u5f71\u50cf\u3002\u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u57281980\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e26\u7528\u5b83\u7522\u751f\u51fa\u6838\u91a3\u9ad4\u8868\u9762\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u88fd\u9020\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u6a5f\u68b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\u8655\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u662fcryo-EM\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u8df3\u56de\u5230\u5e7e\u5e74\u524d \u2013 \u57281978\u5e74\uff0c\u7576\u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u5c07\u96fb\u8166\u7a0b\u5f0f\u512a\u5316\u5f97\u66f4\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u675c\u6ce2\u514b\u7279\u88ab\u62db\u52df\u5230\u4e86\u6d77\u5fb7\u5821\u7684\u6b50\u6d32\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\uff0c\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u751f\u7269\u6a23\u54c1\u66b4\u9732\u65bc\u771f\u7a7a\u6642\uff0c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4e7e\u71e5\u8207\u640d\u58de\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u675c\u6ce2\u514b\u7279<\/strong><strong>\u5c07\u6c34\u8b8a\u6210<\/strong><strong>\u73bb\u7483<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>1975\u5e74\uff0c\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u4f7f\u7528\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6eb6\u6db2\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u812b\u6c34\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c0d\u6c34\u6eb6\u6027\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u7121\u6548\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u8a66\u5716\u51b7\u51cd\u6a23\u54c1\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u51b0\u6bd4\u6c34\u84b8\u767c\u5f97\u6162\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u51b0\u6676\u6703\u4f7f\u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u53d7\u5230\u56b4\u91cd\u5e72\u64fe\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f71\u50cf\u7121\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6c34\u7684\u6c7d\u5316\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u96e3\u984c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u675c\u6ce2\u514b\u7279\u60f3\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5feb\u901f\u5c07\u6c34\u51b7\u537b\uff0c\u4f7f\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u4ee5\u6db2\u9ad4\u7684\u5f62\u614b\u56fa\u5316\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u73bb\u7483\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6676\u9ad4\u3002\u73bb\u7483\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u662f\u56fa\u9ad4\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u537b\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6d41\u9ad4\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5448\u73fe\u7121\u5e8f\u7684\u6392\u5217\u3002\u675c\u6ce2\u514b\u7279\u610f\u8b58\u5230\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u80fd\u5920\u5c07\u6c34\u5f62\u6210\u73bb\u7483 \u2013 \u4e5f\u7a31\u70ba\u73bb\u5316\u6c34(vitrified water) \u2013 \u96fb\u5b50\u675f\u5c07\u5e73\u5747\u5730\u7e5e\u5c04\uff0c\u4e26\u7522\u751f\u5747\u52fb\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u5f71\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u8a66\u5716\u5728\u6db2\u6c2e\u4e2d -196 \u00b0C \u4e0b\u5c07\u5fae\u5c0f\u6c34\u6ef4\u73bb\u7483\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u7576\u4ed6\u5011\u6539\u7528\u88ab\u6db2\u614b\u6c2e\u51b7\u537b\u7684\u4e59\u70f7\u6642\uff0c\u5be6\u9a57\u624d\u6703\u6210\u529f\u3002\u5728\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u770b\u898b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u904e\u53bb\u4e0d\u66fe\u898b\u904e\u7684\u6ef4\u72c0\u7269\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8d77\u521d\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u4e59\u70f7\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7576\u6eab\u5ea6\u7a0d\u5fae\u5347\u9ad8\u6642\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u7a81\u7136\u91cd\u65b0\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u719f\u6089\u7684\u51b0\u6676\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u52dd\u5229 \u2013 \u7279\u5225\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u66fe\u65b7\u8a00\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u6c34\u6ef4\u73bb\u7483\u5316\u3002\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u73bb\u5316\u6c34\u662f\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6c34\u4e4b\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u4e00\u7a2e\u6c42\u53d6\u5c0d\u6bd4\u7684\u7c21\u55ae\u6280\u8853<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>1982\u5e74\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u675c\u6ce2\u514b\u7279\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7d44\u8fc5\u901f\u958b\u767c\u51fa\u4e86\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u7528\u65bc\u4f4e\u6eab\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7684\u6280\u8853\u57fa\u790e(\u57165)\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5c07\u751f\u7269\u6a23\u54c1 \u2013 \u6700\u521d\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u75c5\u6bd2 \u2013 \u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c07\u6eb6\u6db2\u4ee5\u8584\u819c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u92ea\u5c55\u5728\u7d30\u91d1\u5c6c\u7db2\u76ee\u4e0a\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u7a2e\u4f3c\u5f13\u7684\u88dd\u7f6e\u5c07\u91d1\u5c6c\u7db2\u76ee\u5c04\u5165\u6db2\u614b\u4e59\u70f7\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u8584\u819c\u4e2d\u7684\u6c34\u73bb\u7483\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1984\u5e74\uff0c\u675c\u6ce2\u514b\u7279\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f35\u5f71\u50cf\uff0c\u5713\u5f62\u548c\u516d\u908a\u5f62\u7684\u9ad8\u5c0d\u6bd4\u75c5\u6bd2\u5f71\u50cf\u896f\u6258\u5728\u73bb\u5316\u6c34\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\u3002\u7528\u65bc\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6750\u6599\u6a23\u54c1\u73fe\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u88fd\u5099\u4e86\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5011\u8d95\u5feb\u6572\u8457\u675c\u6ce2\u514b\u7279\u7684\u5927\u9580\u4f86\u5b78\u7fd2\u65b0\u6280\u8853\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29669\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29669\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29669\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Figure5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"1311\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29669\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e94 \u675c\u6ce2\u514b\u7279\u7684\u73bb\u5316\u6cd5<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u5f9e\u5718\u584a\u5b78\u5230\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u9032\u5c55<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u81f3\u6b64\uff0ccryo-EM\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u584a\u62fc\u5716\u5df2\u7d93\u5230\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f46\u5f71\u50cf\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u5dee\u30021991\u5e74\uff0c\u7576\u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u7528\u675c\u6ce2<\/p>\n<p>\u514b\u7279\u7684\u73bb\u7483\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u88fd\u5099\u6838\u91a3\u9ad4\u4e26\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u5206\u6790\u5716\u50cf\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u7a7a\u9593\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u70ba 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id=\"attachment_29670\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29670\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29670\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Figure6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"348\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29670\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u516d \u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u5728\u8fd1\u5e7e\u5e74\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u5f9e\u5927\u591a\u70ba\u6a21\u7cca\u7121\u5f62\u72c0\u7684\u4e00\u5718\u5f71\u50cf\uff0c\u9032\u5316\u6210\u80fd\u4ee5\u539f\u5b50\u7d1a\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u89c0\u5bdf\u86cb\u767d\u8cea(\u5f71\u50cf\u4f86\u81ea\u65bcMartin H\u00f6gbom\uff0c\u65af\u5fb7\u54e5\u723e\u6469\u5927\u5b78)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u7d30\u80de\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u89d2\u843d\u7686\u53ef\u63a2\u7d22<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u73fe\u5728\u5922\u60f3\u5df2\u7d93\u5be6\u73fe\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6b63\u9762\u5c0d\u8457\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b78\u4e2d\u7206\u70b8\u6027\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u4f7f\u5f97cryo-EM\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u5177\u6709\u9769\u547d\u6027\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u512a\u9ede\uff1a\u675c\u6ce2\u514b\u7279\u7684\u73bb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bb9\u6613\u4f7f\u7528\u4e26\u4e14\u53ea\u9700\u5fae\u91cf\u7684\u6a23\u54c1\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5176\u5feb\u901f\u51b7\u537b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u80fd\u5728\u884c\u52d5\u4e2d\u88ab\u51cd\u7d50\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u80fd\u6355\u6349\u5230\u53cd\u61c9\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4ed6\u5011\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5982\u4f55\u884c\u52d5\u4e26\u8207\u5176\u5b83\u5206\u5b50\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u300c\u5f71\u7247\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u904b\u7528cryo-EM\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u5011\u9060\u8f03\u4ee5\u5f80\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u63cf\u7e6a\u819c\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5e38\u626e\u6f14\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u6a19\u9776\u89d2\u8272\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f62\u6210\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u932f\u5408\u7269\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u7121\u6cd5\u7528\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u8853\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u53ef\u904b\u7528\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u8b5c\u6cd5\u6216X-\u5c04\u7dda\u6676\u9ad4\u5b78\u4f86\u986f\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u65bc1975\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u5176\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5f71\u50cf\u8655\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5c0d\u7b56\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u5982\u679c\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5316\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u4f4d\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5929\u7a7a\u624d\u6703\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6975\u9650(\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684)\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u5230\u4e86\u90a3\u5152 \u2013 \u5929\u7a7a\u7684\u6975\u9650\u3002\u900f\u904e\u675c\u6ce2\u514b\u7279\u3001\u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u3001\u8207\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u300c\u4eba\u985e\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u300d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u89d2\u843d\u5747\u53ef\u6355\u6349\u5230\u539f\u5b50\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0\uff0c\u800c\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b78\u5df2\u7d93\u6e96\u5099\u597d\u8fce\u63a5\u4e00\u500b\u7cbe\u5f69\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>--<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u8b6f\u81ea\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u516c\u4f48\u7d66\u5927\u773e\u7684\u65b0\u805e\u7a3f\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u53ef\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b98\u65b9\u7db2\u7ad9\u53d6\u5f97\uff1a<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/chemistry\/laureates\/2017\/popular-chemistryprize2017.pdf\">https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/chemistry\/laureates\/2017\/popular-chemistryprize2017.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u82e5\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u95b1\u8b80\u9032\u968e\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u8acb\u7531\u4e0b\u5217\u7db2\u5740\u53d6\u5f97\uff1a<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/chemistry\/laureates\/2017\/advanced-chemistryprize2017.pdf\">https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/chemistry\/laureates\/2017\/advanced-chemistryprize2017.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>*\u8b6f\u8005\u7c21\u4ecb\uff1a<\/strong><br \/>\n\u6797\u5b87\u8ed2\u65bc\u53f0\u5927\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u78a9\u58eb\u73ed\u7562\u696d\uff0c\u53d7\u6559\u65bc\u674e\u5f18\u6587\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u65bc\u745e\u5178Ume\u00e5\u5927\u5b78\u505a\u904e\u4e00\u5e74\u4ea4\u63db\u5b78\u751f\u3002<br \/>\n\u66f9\u4e00\u5141\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u5fb7\u5dde\u8fb2\u5de5\u5927\u5b78\u653b\u8b80\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u5728Karen Wooley\u6559\u6388\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u9032\u884c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u9664\u7ffb\u8b6f\u672c\u6587\u5916\u4ea6\u8ca0\u8cac\u5c07\u5176\u4e2d\u5716\u7247\u4e2d\u6587\u5316\u3002<br \/>\n\u8521\u860a\u660e\u73fe\u70ba\u53f0\u5927\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/p>\n<p>*\u611f\u8b1d\u53f0\u5927\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u8521\u660e\u8ed2\u5e6b\u5fd9\u5c07\u6b64\u6587\u653e\u4e0a\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u7db2\u9801\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0Jacques Dubochet (\u675c\u6ce2\u514b\u7279)\u3001Joachim Frank (\u6cd5\u862d\u514b)\u3001\u8207Richard Henderson (\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee)\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u4eca\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u6842\u51a0\uff0c\u8868\u5f70\u4ed6\u5011\u70ba\u53d6\u5f97\u751f\u547d\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u4e09\u7dad\u5f71\u50cf\u6240\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u904b\u7528\u4f4e\u6eab\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u8853\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u73fe\u5728\u80fd\u51cd\u7d50\u884c\u52d5\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u4e26\u4ee5\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u63cf\u7e6a\u4e4b\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6280\u8853\u5c07\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b78\u5e36\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u7d00\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":29675,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1027,32,3293],"tags":[3609,450,1309,3612,3611,584,2148,177,3610],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Chemistry-Nobel-2017jpg-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29664"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29664"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29664\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33007,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29664\/revisions\/33007"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/29675"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29664"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29664"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29664"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}