{"id":29599,"date":"2017-10-19T00:46:55","date_gmt":"2017-10-18T16:46:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29599"},"modified":"2018-07-12T23:51:15","modified_gmt":"2018-07-12T15:51:15","slug":"%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e8%91%a1%e8%90%84%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e5%9b%a0%e9%ab%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29599","title":{"rendered":"\u5206\u6790\u8461\u8404\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_29603\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29603\" style=\"width: 265px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29603\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/800px-Wine_grapes03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"265\" height=\"400\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29603\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u91c0\u9152\u8461\u8404\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aWiki<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u8449\u7da0\u8212<\/p>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u7389\u7c73\u662f\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7522\u91cf\u7b2c\u4e00\u7684\u4f5c\u7269\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u8aaa\u6700\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u4f5c\u7269\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7d55\u5c0d\u662f\u7576\u4e4b\u7121\u6127\u7684\uff01\u53ea\u8981\u60f3\u5230<a href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/business\/2017\/08\/14\/10-expensive-bottles-wine-world\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2017\u5e74\u6700\u8cb4\u7684\u8461\u8404\u9152<\/a>\u50f9\u683c\u8d85\u904e\u53f0\u5e6348\u842c\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u6703\u540c\u610f\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\uff1a\u8461\u8404\u662f\u6700\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u4f5c\u7269\u3002\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6709\u516b\u767e\u842c\u516c\u9803\u7684\u571f\u5730\u7528\u4f86\u7a2e\u690d\u8461\u8404\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u90fd\u7528\u4f86\u91c0\u9152\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u90e8\u4efd\u7528\u4f86\u88fd\u4f5c\u8461\u8404\u4e7e\u8207\u63d0\u4f9b\u9bae\u98df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u7522\u65bc\u6b50\u6d32\u8207\u4e2d\u4e9e\u7684\u8461\u8404\u5927\u7d04\u5728\u516d\u5343\u5230\u516b\u5343\u5e74\u524d\u65bc\u8fd1\u6771\u99b4\u5316\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u5411\u6b50\u6d32\u5927\u9678\u50b3\u64ad\uff1b\u6578\u5343\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u96dc\u4ea4\u8207\u7121\u6027\u7e41\u6b96\uff08\u6266\u63d2\u8207\u5ac1\u63a5\uff09\uff0c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5df2\u6709\u8d85\u904e\u4e00\u842c\u500b\u54c1\u7cfb\uff1b\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u8fb2\u696d\u90e8\uff08USDA\uff09\u7684\u7a2e\u6e90\u5eab\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5b58\u6709\u5927\u7d04\u4e00\u5343\u500b\u54c1\u7cfb\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u54c1\u7cfb\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u662f\u540c\u7cfb\u7570\u540d\u3001\u6709\u4e9b\u53ea\u6709\u6975\u5c11\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u91d0\u6e05\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u65b9\u4fbf\u672a\u4f86\u80b2\u7a2e\u9078\u62d4\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u6311\u9078\u4e869,000\u500b\u8461\u8404\u7684SNP\uff08single nucleotide polymorphism\uff09\u4f4d\u5740\u7d44\u6210\u9663\u5217\uff08array\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u7d44\u95dc\u806f\u6027\uff08GWA\uff0cgenome-wide association\uff09\u5206\u6790\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u570b\u8fb2\u696d\u90e8\u5171\u6709950\u500b\u683d\u57f9\u54c1\u7cfb\u8461\u8404(<em>Vitis vinifera\u00a0<\/em>subsp.\u00a0<em>vinifera)<\/em>\u820759\u500b\u91ce\u751f\u54c1\u7cfb\u8461\u8404(<em>Vitis vinifera<\/em>\u00a0subsp.\u00a0<em>sylvestris)<\/em>\u3002950\u500b\u683d\u57f9\u54c1\u7cfb\u8461\u8404\u4e2d\uff0c451\u500b\u70ba\u9bae\u98df\u54c1\u7cfb\u3001469\u500b\u70ba\u91c0\u9152\u54c1\u7cfb\uff0c\u53e6\u670930\u500b\u5c6c\u65bc\u672a\u77e5\u54c1\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5206\u6790\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u5343\u591a\u500b\u54c1\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c551\u500b\u53ef\u5728\u7a2e\u6e90\u5eab\u88e1\u627e\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u8907\u88fd\u9ad4\uff08clone\uff09\uff1b\u6700\u8a87\u5f35\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u54c1\u7cfb\uff08\u76ae\u8afe Pinot\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7a2e\u6e90\u5eab\u4e2d\u6709\u53e6\u591616\u500b\uff01\u6263\u6389\u9019\u4e9b\u8907\u88fd\u9ad4\uff0c\u7a2e\u6e90\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u683d\u57f9\u54c1\u7cfb\u8461\u8404\u53ea\u6709583\u7a2e\uff1b\u800c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709399\u500b\u5728\u7a2e\u6e90\u5eab\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u91cd\u8907\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8907\u88fd\u9ad4\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u4e5f\u767c\u73fe\uff0c74.8%\u7684\u54c1\u7cfb\u8207\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u500b\u54c1\u7cfb\u6709\u89aa\u7de3\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1b\u6709\u4e9b\u662f\u89aa\u5b50\u3001\u6709\u4e9b\u662f\u5144\u5f1f\u59ca\u59b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u683d\u57f9\u54c1\u7cfb\u7684\u8461\u8404\uff0c\u5176\u57fa\u56e0\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u6bd4\u91ce\u751f\u54c1\u7cfb\u7684\u8461\u8404\u4f4e\uff1b\u7576\u7136\u9019\u662f\u610f\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u592a\u9a5a\u8a1d\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u683d\u57f9\u54c1\u7cfb\u8461\u8404\u8207\u897f\u65b9\u91ce\u751f\u54c1\u7cfb\u8461\u8404\u89aa\u7de3\u8f03\u8fd1\uff0c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u78ba\u8a8d\u4e86\u53f2\u6599\u4e0a\u63d0\u5230\u7684\uff1a\u8461\u8404\u57282,800\u5e74\u524d\u50b3\u5165\u6b50\u6d32\u5f8c\uff0c\u66fe\u8207\u6b50\u6d32\u672c\u5730\u7684\u91ce\u751f\u54c1\u7cfb\u8461\u8404\u96dc\u4ea4\u3002\u800c\u50b3\u5230\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u683d\u57f9\u54c1\u7cfb\u8461\u8404\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u683d\u57f9\u54c1\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6771\u65b9\u683d\u57f9\u54c1\u7cfb\uff1b\u9019\u4e5f\u5728\u9019\u6b21\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u897f\u65b9\u683d\u57f9\u7a2e\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u8207\u6b50\u6d32\u91ce\u751f\u54c1\u7cfb\u8461\u8404\u767c\u751f\u96dc\u4ea4\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u4f86\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u78ba\u8a8d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u6709\u7a2e\u6e90\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u8461\u8404\uff0c\u6709\u6700\u591a\u8907\u88fd\u9ad4\u7684\u662f\u76ae\u8afe\u54c1\u7cfb\uff1b\u800c\u64c1\u6709\u6700\u591a\u76f4\u7cfb\u89aa\u7de3\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u54c1\u7cfb\u5247\u662f\u4f54\u7f8e\u5a1c\uff08Traminer\uff09\uff0c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u78ba\u8a8d\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u78ba\u662f\u500b\u6975\u70ba\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u54c1\u7cfb\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4f54\u7f8e\u5a1c\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u76ae\u8afe\u8207\u767d\u9ad8\u7dad\u65af\uff08Gouais Blanc\uff09\u7b49\u54c1\u7cfb\u4e5f\u90fd\u64c1\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u76f4\u7cfb\u5f8c\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7684\u80b2\u7a2e\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u53ea\u958b\u767c\u4e86\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u4efd\u5b83\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u70ba\u4f55\u8461\u8404\u9019\u5e7e\u4e4e\u8207\u5c0f\u9ea5\u540c\u6642\u99b4\u5316\u7684\u4f5c\u7269\uff0c\u537b\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u8cc7\u6e90\u88ab\u958b\u767c\u5462\uff1f\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u8461\u8404\u53ef\u4ee5\u7121\u6027\u7e41\u6b96\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e00\u65e6\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u5177\u5099\u8a31\u591a\u53d7\u4eba\u559c\u611b\u7684\u7279\u8cea\u7684\u54c1\u7cfb\u51fa\u73fe\u5f8c\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u53ef\u900f\u904e\u5927\u91cf\u7121\u6027\u7e41\u6b96\u4f86\u8907\u88fd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u5ef6\u7de9\u4e86\u80b2\u7a2e\u4e0a\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e8c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5168\u7403\u5316\u9020\u6210\u5927\u5bb6\u6703\u8ffd\u6c42\u6f6e\u6d41\uff0c\u9593\u63a5\u5730\u4fc3\u9032\u7a2e\u690d\u54c1\u7cfb\u6108\u8da8\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u5982\u76ee\u524d\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u7684\u56db\u5927\u54c1\u7cfb\uff1a\u971e\u591a\u9e97\uff08Chardonnay\uff09\u3001\u5361\u672c\u5167\u8607\u7dad\u7fc1\uff08Cabernet Sauvignon\uff09\u3001\u897f\u62c9\uff08Syrah\uff09\u3001\u6885\u6d1b\uff08Merlot\uff09\uff0c\u90fd\u5df2\u7d93\u7a31\u9738\u5e02\u5834\u597d\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u7a2e\u690d\u54c1\u7cfb\u55ae\u4e00\u5316\uff0c\u66fe\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u5f8c\u534a\u9020\u6210\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u300c\u8461\u8404\u761f\u300d\u2014\u2014\u5148\u88ab\u6839\u7624\u869c\uff08phylloxera\uff09\u3001\u5f8c\u88ab\u771f\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\uff1b\u7576\u6642\u82e5\u4e0d\u662f\u7f8e\u6d32\u8461\u8404\u5c0d\u6839\u7624\u869c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u62b5\u6297\u529b\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u6574\u500b\u6b50\u6d32\u8461\u8404\u9152\u7522\u696d\u4fbf\u8981\u4e00\u547d\u55da\u547c\uff01\u4f46\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u8461\u8404\u85e4\u4e5f\u4e26\u4e0d\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u75c5\u87f2\u5bb3\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8461\u8404\u9152\u7522\u696d\u8981\u6c38\u7e8c\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u591a\u6df1\u5165\u77ad\u89e3\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8461\u8404\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u8cc7\u6e90\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\uff1a<\/strong>Myles S. et. al., 2011. Genetic structure and domestication history of the grape. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. DOI: www.pnas.org\/cgi\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.1009363108<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u539f\u7522\u65bc\u6b50\u6d32\u8207\u4e2d\u4e9e\u7684\u8461\u8404\u5927\u7d04\u5728\u516d\u5343\u5230\u516b\u5343\u5e74\u524d\u65bc\u8fd1\u6771\u99b4\u5316\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u5411\u6b50\u6d32\u5927\u9678\u50b3\u64ad\uff1b\u6578\u5343\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u96dc\u4ea4\u8207\u7121\u6027\u7e41\u6b96\uff08\u6266\u63d2\u8207\u5ac1\u63a5\uff09\uff0c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5df2\u6709\u8d85\u904e\u4e00\u842c\u500b\u54c1\u7cfb\uff1b\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u8fb2\u696d\u90e8\uff08USDA\uff09\u7684\u7a2e\u6e90\u5eab\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5b58\u6709\u5927\u7d04\u4e00\u5343\u500b\u54c1\u7cfb\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u54c1\u7cfb\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u662f\u540c\u7cfb\u7570\u540d\u3001\u6709\u4e9b\u53ea\u6709\u6975\u5c11\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u91d0\u6e05\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u65b9\u4fbf\u672a\u4f86\u80b2\u7a2e\u9078\u62d4\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u6311\u9078\u4e869,000\u500b\u8461\u8404\u7684SNP\uff08single nucleotide polymorphism\uff09\u4f4d\u5740\u7d44\u6210\u9663\u5217\uff08array\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u7d44\u95dc\u806f\u6027\uff08GWA\uff0cgenome-wide association\uff09\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":29602,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,3100],"tags":[129,3602,306],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/purple-grapes-vineyard-napa-valley-napa-vineyard-45209.jpeg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29599"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29599"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29599\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31473,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29599\/revisions\/31473"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/29602"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29599"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29599"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29599"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}