{"id":29420,"date":"2017-09-14T00:00:41","date_gmt":"2017-09-13T16:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29420"},"modified":"2023-06-06T13:32:43","modified_gmt":"2023-06-06T05:32:43","slug":"%e8%a5%bf%e5%be%b7%e5%b0%bc%c2%b7%e5%b8%83%e5%80%ab%e7%b4%8d%e5%82%b3%e5%a5%87%ef%bc%9a%e5%be%9e%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%e7%94%9f%e7%89%a9%e5%88%b0%e7%b7%9a%e8%9f%b2%e7%99%bc%e8%82%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29420","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u6c99\u9f8d\u3011\u897f\u5fb7\u5c3c\u00b7\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\u50b3\u5947\uff1a\u5f9e\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5230\u7dda\u87f2\u767c\u80b2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/G22sm6Sa0MY\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u25a0\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u88e1\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u50cf\u897f\u5fb7\u5c3c\u00b7\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d (Sydney Brenner) \u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u6daf\u9054\u5230\u9ad8\u5cf0\u6642\uff0c\u6bc5\u7136\u8f49\u63db\u8dd1\u9053\uff0c\u7368\u81ea\u958b\u5275\u4e00\u500b\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57ce\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5f15\u9818\u98a8\u9a37\u534a\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u3002\u672c\u8b1b\u70ba\u807d\u773e\u4ecb\u7d39\u9019\u4f4d\u73fe\u4ee3\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u50b3\u5947\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u53e6\u95e2\u8e4a\u5f91\u7684\u8077\u6daf\u6b77\u7a0b\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8b1b\u8005\uff5c<\/strong>\u967d\u660e\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb \u5468\u6210\u529f\u6559\u6388<br \/>\n<strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u9ad8\u82f1\u54f2<\/p>\n<p>\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u83ef\u751f\u8ddf\u514b\u91cc\u514b\u767c\u73fe DNA \u5206\u5b50\u7d50\u69cb\u7684 1953 \u5e74\u63a5\u8457\u8aaa\u8d77\u3002\u7576\u6642\u5728\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b78\u8b80\u535a\u58eb\u7684\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\uff0c\u807d\u805e\u83ef\u751f\u8ddf\u514b\u91cc\u514b\u5efa\u69cb\u51fa DNA \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u767c\u8868\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u500b\u6708\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u9a45\u8eca\u524d\u5f80\u528d\u6a4b\u4e00\u63a2\u7a76\u7adf\uff0c\u8ddf\u514b\u91cc\u514b\u4e00\u898b\u5982\u6545\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u5341\u5206\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5728\u5357\u975e\u51fa\u751f\uff0c\u62ff\u734e\u5b78\u91d1\u8b80\u66f8\u7684\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\uff0c\u672c\u4f86\u5b78\u6210\u4e4b\u5f8c\u5fc5\u9808\u56de\u5230\u5357\u975e\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u514b\u91cc\u514b\u7684\u5927\u529b\u5954\u8d70\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\u5728 1956 \u5e74\uff0c\u65bc\u528d\u6a4b\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7372\u5f97\u4e00\u5e2d\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u5c55\u958b\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u6daf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\u521d\u8a66\u557c\u8072\uff0c\u662f\u99c1\u65a5\u4fc4\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u55ac\u6cbb\u00b7\u4f3d\u83ab\u592b (George Gamow) \u70ba\u4e86\u89e3\u91cb ACGT \u56db\u500b\u9e7c\u57fa\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u7de8\u6392\u51fa 20 \u7a2e\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\uff0c\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u300c\u4ea4\u758a\u4e09\u91cd\u5bc6\u78bc\u7d44\u300d (overlapped triplet code) \u5047\u8a2d\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u4f3d\u83ab\u592b\u807d\u5230\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\u8ddf\u4ed6\u5531\u53cd\u8abf\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u9f13\u52f5\u4ed6\u5beb\u6210\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u9084\u904b\u7528\u4ed6\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b78\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\u5728 1957 \u5e74\uff0c\u628a\u8ad6\u6587\u767c\u8868\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b78\u9662\u5b78\u5831\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e00\u6bb5\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u8efc\u805e\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u4e86 1959 \u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u8cc8\u514b\u00b7\u83ab\u8afe (Jacques Monod) \u63d0\u51fa DNA \u5408\u6210\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u67d0\u7a2e\u5145\u7576\u4ecb\u8cea\u7684 RNA \uff1b\u5f8c\u4f86\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\u8ddf\u514b\u91cc\u514b\u5c07\u5176\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u8a0a\u606f RNA \u300d\uff0c\u8a2d\u8a08\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a57\u8b49\u83ab\u8afe\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u627e\u4e0a\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u7684\u99ac\u4fee\u00b7\u6885\u745f\u751f (Matthew Meselson) \u8207\u5bcc\u862d\u514b\u6797\u00b7\u53f2\u9054 (Franklin Stahl) \u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\uff0c\u4ee5\u5be6\u9a57\u8b49\u5be6\u8a0a\u606f RNA \u78ba\u5be6\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u65bc\u83ef\u751f\u3001\u514b\u91cc\u514b\u8ddf\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u7a81\u98db\u731b\u9032\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\u6b64\u6642\u537b\u5df2\u60f3\u8981\u6311\u6230\u65b0\u7684\u9818\u57df\u3002\u4ed6\u5728 1963 \u5e74\u5beb\u4fe1\u7d66\u6642\u4efb\u5361\u6587\u8fea\u8a31\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u4e3b\u4efb\u99ac\u514b\u65af\u00b7\u4f69\u9b6f\u8328 (Max Perutz) \uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u5404\u5927\u7591\u554f\uff0c\u5728\u5341\u5e74\u5167\u5927\u6982\u90fd\u6703\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u7b54\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ea4\u7d66\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u5c31\u597d\uff1b\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u672a\u4f86\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u767c\u80b2\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u8ddf\u795e\u7d93\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f9e\u96f6\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u65b0\u9818\u57df\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8d77\u521d\u7e3d\u662f\u5f88\u5bc2\u5bde\u7684\u3002\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\u958b\u59cb\u7814\u7a76\u79c0\u9e97\u7dda\u87f2\uff0c\u5341\u5e74\u5167\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8ad6\u6587\u767c\u8868\uff1b\u5728 1973 \u5e74\u8ddf\u4ed6\u7684\u5f92\u5f1f\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u8607\u723e\u65af\u9813 (John Sulston) \u767c\u8868\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u79c0\u9e97\u7dda\u87f2 DNA \u5206\u96e2\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u592a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u3002\u518d\u904e\u4e86\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u8607\u723e\u65af\u9813\u8ddf\u4ed6\u6536\u7684\u5f92\u5f1f H\u00b7\u7f85\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u970d\u7dad\u8328 (H. Robert Horvitz) \uff0c\u5728 1983 \u5e74\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u7d30\u80de\u88e1\u6709\u63a7\u5236\u7d30\u80de\u767c\u80b2\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u6703\u81ea\u7136\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\uff1b\u7136\u800c\u771f\u6b63\u78ba\u5b9a\u9019\u500b\u63a7\u5236\u7d30\u80de\u81ea\u7136\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u5c07\u8fd1\u5341\u5e74\u5f8c\u7684\u4e8b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\u3001\u8607\u723e\u65af\u9813\u8ddf\u970d\u7dad\u8328\u4ed6\u5011\u5e2b\u5f92\u4e09\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u767c\u73fe\u5668\u5b98\u767c\u80b2\u548c\u7d30\u80de\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u51cb\u4ea1\u7684\u907a\u50b3\u8abf\u63a7\u6a5f\u7406\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u7372\u9812 2002 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u751f\u7406\u5b78\u6216\u91ab\u5b78\u734e\u3002\u4fd7\u8a71\u8aaa\u300c\u5341\u5e74\u78e8\u4e00\u528d\u300d\uff0c\u5018\u82e5\u5f9e\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\u5728 1963 \u5e74\uff0c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u653e\u4e0b\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u8f1d\u714c\u904e\u5f80\uff0c\u947d\u7814\u7576\u6642\u4e4f\u4eba\u554f\u6d25\u7684\u767c\u80b2\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u958b\u59cb\u7b97\u8d77\uff0c\u90fd\u5df2\u7d93\u78e8\u4e86\u4e09\u56db\u628a\u528d\u4e86\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u8010\u5f97\u4f4f\u5bc2\u5bde\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d\u6709\u5fd7\u8005\u4e8b\u7adf\u6210\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u70ba\u6709\u5fd7\u6295\u8eab\u79d1\u5b78\u4e4b\u58eb\u7684\u699c\u6a23\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u88e1\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u50cf\u897f\u5fb7\u5c3c\u00b7\u5e03\u502b\u7d0d (Sydney Brenner) \u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u6daf\u9054\u5230\u9ad8\u5cf0\u6642\uff0c\u6bc5\u7136\u8f49\u63db\u8dd1\u9053\uff0c\u7368\u81ea\u958b\u5275\u4e00\u500b\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57ce\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5f15\u9818\u98a8\u9a37\u534a\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u3002\u672c\u8b1b\u70ba\u807d\u773e\u4ecb\u7d39\u9019\u4f4d\u73fe\u4ee3\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u50b3\u5947\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u53e6\u95e2\u8e4a\u5f91\u7684\u8077\u6daf\u6b77\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":29425,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6697,1750,3293,6512,6443,1025],"tags":[3559,3558,879],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/hqdefault.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29420"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29420"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29420\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42248,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29420\/revisions\/42248"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/29425"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29420"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29420"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29420"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}