{"id":29211,"date":"2017-09-01T00:01:24","date_gmt":"2017-08-31T16:01:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29211"},"modified":"2023-06-06T13:33:32","modified_gmt":"2023-06-06T05:33:32","slug":"%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e7%b3%be%e7%ba%8f%e7%9a%84%e6%95%85%e4%ba%8b%ef%bc%9a%e5%be%9e%e6%83%a1%e5%a4%a2%e5%88%b0%e7%be%8e%e5%a4%a2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=29211","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u6c99\u9f8d\u3011\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfe\u7e8f\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff1a\u5f9e\u60e1\u5922\u5230\u7f8e\u5922"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GgLsl-NrDbc?list=PLil-R4o6jmGg5orDjrjsgF7AjaeAqVamP\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u25a0\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u8207\u6ce2\u8033\u9019\u5169\u4f4d\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\uff0c\u5728 1930 \u5e74\u4ee3\u91dd\u5c0d\u300c\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfe\u7e8f\u300d\u9019\u500b\u602a\u8c61\u7684\u8ad6\u6230\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9019\u500b\u9818\u57df\u6709\u4e8c\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u5efa\u69cb\u8d77\u4e00\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u76f4\u5230 1960 \u5e74\u4ee3\u8c9d\u723e\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u5b9a\u7406\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7372\u5f97\u5be6\u9a57\u8b49\u660e\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u624d\u7e3d\u7b97\u64a5\u96f2\u898b\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5404\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u9818\u57df\u88e1\u5927\u958b\u5927\u5c55\u3002\u672c\u8b1b\u6b21\u70ba\u807d\u773e\u6574\u7406\u9019\u6bb5\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u574e\u5777\u4e4b\u8def\uff0c\u4e26\u9ede\u51fa\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7a81\u7834\u74f6\u9838\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8b1b\u8005\uff5c<\/strong>\u81fa\u5e2b\u5927\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7cfb \u6797\u8c50\u5229\u6559\u6388<br \/>\n<strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u9ad8\u82f1\u54f2<\/p>\n<p>\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfe\u7e8f\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u722d\u8ad6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u6e6f\u746a\u65af\uff0e\u694a (Thomas Young) \u7684\u96d9\u72f9\u7e2b\u5e72\u6d89\u5be6\u9a57\uff1b\u7528\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u99ac\u8d6b-\u66fe\u5fb7\u723e\u5e72\u6d89\u5100 (Mach-Zehnder interferometer) \uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u505a\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u610f\u6db5\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u82e5\u628a\u5149\u770b\u6210\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6ce2\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u901a\u904e\u5169\u689d\u72f9\u7e2b\u6642\u6703\u76f8\u4e92\u5e72\u6d89\uff0c\u5728\u63a2\u6e2c\u5c4f\u4e0a\u986f\u73fe\u51fa\u4eae\u7d0b\u8ddf\u6697\u7d0b\uff1b\u5018\u82e5\u628a\u5149\u770b\u6210\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u5169\u689d\u72f9\u7e2b\u88e1\u9078\u64c7\u4e00\u689d\u884c\u9032\u3002\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u5149\u5b50\u5404\u8d70\u5404\u7684\uff0c\u95dc\u9589\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u689d\u72f9\u7e2b\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u4e0d\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u8d70\u53e6\u4e00\u689d\u72f9\u7e2b\u7684\u5149\u5b50\uff1b\u7136\u800c\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u537b\u4e26\u975e\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u7576\u5169\u689d\u72f9\u7e2b\u90fd\u958b\u653e\u6642\uff0c\u63a2\u6e2c\u5c4f\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u4eae\u7d0b\u8ddf\u6697\u7d0b\u3002\u6ce2\u8033\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u54e5\u672c\u54c8\u6839\u5b78\u6d3e\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u5149\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u5982\u6b64\u602a\u7570\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u6ce2\u7c92\u4e8c\u8c61\u6027\u300d (wave-particle duality) \u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u4e26\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u9019\u500b\u6709\u9ede\u6ed1\u982d\uff0c\u300c\u5b83\u6709\u6642\u50cf\u6ce2\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u50cf\u7c92\u5b50\u300d\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728 1935 \u5e74\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u5927\u540d\u9f0e\u9f0e\u7684 EPR \u6096\u8ad6 (Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox) \uff0c\u99c1\u65a5\u91cf\u5b50\u602a\u8c61\u9019\u5957\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u8a8d\u70ba\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u7528\u5230\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u89e3\u91cb\u4e0d\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u96b1\u85cf\u8b8a\u6578\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u6a5f\u7387\u5206\u4f48\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u96d6\u7136\u7a31\u4e0d\u4e0a\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b8c\u5099\u6027\u537b\u4ee4\u4eba\u8cea\u7591\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u9019\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\u53ea\u6709\u77ed\u77ed\u56db\u9801\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6797\u8c50\u5229\u8001\u5e2b\u6bcf\u6b21\u62dc\u8b80\u90fd\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u624d\u604d\u7136\u5927\u609f\uff1a\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u96d6\u7136\u8cea\u7591\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u537b\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u9032\u884c\u63a8\u8ad6\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u5167\u5bb9\u5df2\u7d93\u5f88\u719f\u6089\u7684\u8b80\u8005\uff0c\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u6703\u9806\u8457\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\uff1b\u5230\u6700\u5f8c\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u63a8\u7ffb\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u6642\uff0c\u8b80\u8005\u5c31\u6703\u7a81\u7136\u641e\u4e0d\u61c2\u4ed6\u5728\u8aaa\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>EPR \u6096\u8ad6\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5f8c\u4f86\u88ab\u859b\u4e01\u683c\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfe\u7e8f\u300d\uff0c\u5169\u500b\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u614b\u300c\u7121\u6cd5\u5206\u96e2\u300d\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u7136\u800c EPR \u6096\u8ad6\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u537b\u5fc5\u9808\u7528\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u5728\u54f2\u5b78\u4e0a\u6a21\u64ec\u5169\u53ef\uff0c\u807d\u8d77\u4f86\u6bd4\u6ce2\u7c92\u4e8c\u8c61\u6027\u9084\u8981\u4f86\u5f97\u5947\u602a\u7684\u300c\u5b9a\u57df\u5be6\u5728\u8ad6\u300d (local realism) \uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4ee5\u7576\u6642\u7684\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u9084\u7121\u6cd5\u64cd\u7e31\u5c11\u6578\u5e7e\u500b\u91cf\u5b50\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u7121\u6cd5\u9032\u884c\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9664\u4e86\u6234\u7dad\uff0e\u73bb\u59c6 (David Bohm) \u7b49\u5c11\u6578\u5e7e\u4f4d\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u754c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u771f\u770b\u5f85\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfe\u7e8f\u9019\u5957\u7406\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u6280\u8853\u74f6\u9838\u8981\u76f4\u5230 1964 \u5e74\uff0c\u7be4\u4fe1\u5c40\u90e8\u96b1\u85cf\u8b8a\u6578\u7406\u8ad6 (LHV) \u7684\u7d04\u7ff0\uff0e\u8c9d\u723e (John Bell) \uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8c9d\u723e\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u624d\u70ba\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\u3002\u6cd5\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u963f\u862d\uff0e\u963f\u65af\u4f69 (Alain Aspect) \u82b1\u4e86\u5341\u5e74\u5de5\u592b\uff0c\u7528\u5be6\u9a57\u9a57\u8b49\u4e86\u8c9d\u723e\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f9e\u6b64\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u6b63\u5f0f\u64fa\u812b EPR \u6096\u8ad6\u7684\u300c\u7cfe\u7e8f\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u91cf\u5b50\u8a08\u7b97\u4ee5\u53ca\u91cf\u5b50\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b49\u7b49\u65b0\u6280\u8853\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u7576\u963f\u65af\u4f69\u7576\u5e74\u544a\u8a34\u8c9d\u723e\uff0c\u4ed6\u6b63\u5728\u9032\u884c\u8c9d\u723e\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u7684\u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\u6642\uff0c\u6df1\u77e5\u5be6\u9a57\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u6613\u7684\u8c9d\u723e\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u66fe\u7d93\u534a\u958b\u73a9\u7b11\u5730\u554f\u4ed6\u300c\u90a3\u4f60\u6709\u7d42\u8eab\u8077\u7cca\u53e3\u55ce\uff1f\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u5018\u82e5\u6c92\u6709\u963f\u65af\u4f69\u4e0d\u6298\u4e0d\u6493\u7684\u9577\u671f\u6295\u5165\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u74f6\u9838\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u9084\u5f97\u518d\u5361\u4e0a\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u4e8c\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfe\u7e8f\u7684\u9019\u6bb5\u5f80\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5920\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u770b\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5be6\u4e8b\u6c42\u662f\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u9a57\u4e92\u70ba\u8868\u88cf\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u8207\u6ce2\u8033\u9019\u5169\u4f4d\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\uff0c\u5728 1930 \u5e74\u4ee3\u91dd\u5c0d\u300c\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfe\u7e8f\u300d\u9019\u500b\u602a\u8c61\u7684\u8ad6\u6230\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9019\u500b\u9818\u57df\u6709\u4e8c\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u5efa\u69cb\u8d77\u4e00\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u76f4\u5230 1960 \u5e74\u4ee3\u8c9d\u723e\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u5b9a\u7406\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7372\u5f97\u5be6\u9a57\u8b49\u660e\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u624d\u7e3d\u7b97\u64a5\u96f2\u898b\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5404\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u9818\u57df\u88e1\u5927\u958b\u5927\u5c55\u3002\u672c\u8b1b\u6b21\u70ba\u807d\u773e\u6574\u7406\u9019\u6bb5\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u574e\u5777\u4e4b\u8def\uff0c\u4e26\u9ede\u51fa\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7a81\u7834\u74f6\u9838\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":29212,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6697,1750,3293,39,6443],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/20151128033823179.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29211"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29211"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29211\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42249,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29211\/revisions\/42249"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/29212"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29211"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29211"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29211"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}