{"id":27936,"date":"2017-05-03T05:26:14","date_gmt":"2017-05-02T21:26:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=27936"},"modified":"2018-07-29T09:22:04","modified_gmt":"2018-07-29T01:22:04","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%a4%a7%e5%ae%87%e5%ae%99%e5%b0%8f%e6%95%85%e4%ba%8b%e3%80%9119-%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90%e5%b9%be%e4%bd%95%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=27936","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5927\u5b87\u5b99\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\u301119 \u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u89e3\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u8449\u674e\u83ef<\/p>\n<p>\u5922\u4e2d\u9748\u611f\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u4e0a\u9817\u70ba\u5e38\u898b\uff0c\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u4e00\u6a01\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u5fb7\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u51f1\u5eab\u52d2(August Kekule, 1829-1896)\u5922\u898b\u4e00\u689d\u300c\u929c\u5c3e\u86c7\u300d\uff0c\u9192\u4f86\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7acb\u523b\u60f3\u5230\u82ef\u5206\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u74b0\u72c0\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u5922\u5883\u7c21\u55ae\u660e\u77ad\uff0c\u548c\u51f1\u5eab\u52d2\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u767c\u73fe\u53c8\u5f88\u5951\u5408\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u8d8a\u662f\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5922\u5883\uff0c\u5c31\u8d8a\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5f8c\u4eba\u7a7f\u947f\u9644\u6703\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300c\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u4e4b\u5922\u300d\u4fbf\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u7684\u81ea\u8ff0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5922\u7d66\u4e86\u4ed6\u4e00\u67c4\u300c\u89e3\u958b\u81ea\u7136\u771f\u76f8\u7684\u9470\u5319\u300d\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u4f5c\u8005\u8072\u7a31\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u5929\u665a\u4e0a\u8a95\u751f\u7684\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u904e\u5ea6\u7c21\u5316\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u548c\u725b\u9813\u7684\u300c\u860b\u679c\u300d\u6709\u7570\u66f2\u540c\u5de5\u4e4b\u5999\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7576\u4f5c\u7a17\u5b98\u91ce\u53f2\u4f86\u6b23\u8cde\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81f3\u65bc\u771f\u5be6\u60c5\u5f62\u7a76\u7adf\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u5c31\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u8a71\u8aaa\u5f9e\u982d\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_27939\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27939\" style=\"width: 286px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27939\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/19-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"286\" height=\"350\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27939\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u50cf(\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong> \u25cf\u4e09\u500b\u5922<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7b1b\u5361\u5152(Ren\u00e9 Descartes, 1596-1650)\u751f\u65bc\u6cd5\u570b\u4e2d\u90e8\u7684\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u93ae(\u7576\u7136\u662f\u5f8c\u4f86\u6539\u540d\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u898b\u6cd5\u570b\u4eba\u591a\u9ebc\u5d07\u62dc\u4ed6)\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u81ea\u5e7c\u9ad4\u5f31\u591a\u75c5\uff0c\u4ed6\u990a\u6210\u8cf4\u5e8a\u7684\u7fd2\u6163\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e2d\u5348\u624d\u8d77\u5e8a(\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u5728\u5e8a\u4e0a\u7814\u7a76\u5b78\u554f)\u3002\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5927\u5b78\u7562\u696d\u5169\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u96d6\u7136\u6c92\u6212\u6389\u9019\u500b\u7fd2\u6163\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u9806\u5229\u52a0\u5165\u8377\u862d\u7684\u50ad\u5175\u96c6\u5718\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u6b77\u53f2\u8a18\u8f09\uff0c\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u9802\u591a\u53c3\u52a0\u904e\u4e00\u5834\u6230\u5f79\uff0c\u5176\u9918\u6642\u9593\u53ea\u662f\u8ddf\u8457\u90e8\u968a\u5230\u8655\u8abf\u9632(\u56e0\u70ba\u662f\u50ad\u5175\uff0c\u96c7\u4e3b\u76f8\u7576\u591a\u5143)\u3002\u516c\u51431619\u5e7411\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u90e8\u968a\u99d0\u7d2e\u5728\u5fb7\u570b\u7684\u7d10\u56e0\u5821\uff0c\u8eab\u70ba\u8ecd\u5b98\u7684\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u7368\u81ea\u4e00\u4eba\u7761\u5728\u5be2\u5ba4\uff0c\u4e00\u591c\u4e4b\u9593\u505a\u4e86\u4e09\u500b\u8010\u4eba\u5c0b\u5473\u7684\u5922\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u66fe\u8a73\u7d30\u5beb\u4e0b\u5922\u5883\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u7d93\u5931\u50b3\uff0c\u597d\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u66ff\u4ed6\u7acb\u50b3\u7684\u4f5c\u8005(Adrien Baillet)\u9593\u63a5\u8b80\u904e\u90a3\u4efd\u624b\u7a3f\uff0c\u5c07\u4e09\u500b\u5922\u8a73\u5be6\u8a18\u9304\u5728\u300a\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u300b\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d(\u6fc3\u7e2e\u5982\u4e0b)\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5922\uff1a\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u5728\u72c2\u98a8\u4e2d\u5403\u529b\u5730\u8d70\u5411\u6821\u5712\u7684\u6559\u5802\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u5922\uff1a\u4ed6\u807d\u5230\u4e00\u8072\u5de8\u97ff\uff0c\u4ee5\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u9a5a\u9192\u4e86\uff0c(\u5728\u5922\u4e2d)\u775c\u773c\u4e00\u770b\uff0c\u56db\u5468\u7adf\u7136\u90fd\u662f\u706b\u82b1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u500b\u5922\uff1a\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\u684c\u4e0a\u6709\u5169\u672c\u66f8\uff0c\u4e00\u672c\u662f\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u672c\u662f\u8a69\u96c6\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u534a\u7761\u534a\u9192\u4e2d\u958b\u59cb\u89e3\u5922\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u524d\u8005\u4ee3\u8868\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u4ee3\u8868\u667a\u6167\u8207\u54f2\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u25cf\u5167\u529f\u5fc3\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8ab0\u90fd\u770b\u5f97\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u5922\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u6c92\u6709\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u9ebc\u300c\u89e3\u958b\u81ea\u7136\u771f\u76f8\u7684\u9470\u5319\u300d\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u6307\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u96d6\u7136\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u5f9e\u672a\u660e\u8aaa\uff0c\u4f46\u6839\u64da\u53f2\u6599\u7814\u5224\uff0c\u6700\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u300c\u79d1\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u300d\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u4e14\u8aaa\u7d93\u904e\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u6478\u7d22\u8207\u63a2\u8a0e\uff0c\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u7d42\u65bc\u57281637\u5e74\u5beb\u6210\u300a\u8ac7\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u5168\u540d\u5f88\u9577\uff1a\u300a\u8ac7\u8ac7\u9032\u884c\u6b63\u78ba\u63a8\u7406\u53ca\u6c42\u7d22\u79d1\u5b78\u771f\u76f8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u900f\u9732\u4e86\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u96c4\u5fc3\u58ef\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u300a\u8ac7\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\u4e43\u662f\u842c\u80fd\u7684\u5167\u529f\u5fc3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u53ea\u8981\u6f5b\u5fc3\u4fee\u7df4\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u9054\u5230\u4e00\u6cd5\u901a\u3001\u842c\u6cd5\u901a\u7684\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u5f9e\u6b64\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u9047\u5230\u4efb\u4f55(\u81ea\u7136)\u79d1\u5b78\u96e3\u984c\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4f9d\u6cd5\u65bd\u70ba\uff0c\u7686\u80fd\u8fce\u5203\u800c\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5167\u529f\u5fc3\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u8a00\u7c21\u610f\u8cc5\uff0c\u300a\u8ac7\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u70ba\u4e86\u793a\u7bc4\u5b83\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u5728\u4e0d\u5230\u516b\u5341\u9801\u7684\u672c\u6587\u5f8c\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e09\u500b\u9644\u9304\u2500\u2500\u6bcf\u500b\u9644\u9304\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7bc7\u5e45\u90fd\u8d85\u904e\u672c\u6587\uff0c\u4ed6\u537b\u4e00\u9ede\u4e5f\u4e0d\u64d4\u5fc3\u55a7\u8cd3\u596a\u4e3b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u4e09\u500b\u9644\u9304\u4f9d\u5e8f\u662f\u300a\u5149\u5b78\u300b\u3001\u300a\u6c23\u8c61\u300b\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b78\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9644\u9304\u4e09\u6b63\u662f\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u7684\u767c\u6e90\u5730\u3002\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u7279\u5225\u5f37\u8abf\u300c\u543e\u9053\u4e00\u4ee5\u8cab\u4e4b\u300d\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u591a\u5143\u7684\u6210\u679c\u90fd\u662f\u4ed6\u7528\u300a\u8ac7\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\u7576\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u88fd\u9020\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u770b\u5230\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u61c9\u8a72\u5c0d\u300a\u8ac7\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u611f\u5230\u6709\u9ede\u597d\u5947\u4e86\uff0c\u6c92\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e3b\u89d2\u7acb\u523b\u767b\u5834\u3002<\/p>\n<p><em>\u3000\u30001.\u7121\u8ad6\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6211\u4ecd\u6709\u4e00\u7d72\u5b58\u7591\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u4ee5\u70ba\u771f\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8981\u6975\u529b\u907f\u514d\u9a5f\u4e0b\u7d50\u8ad6\u6216\u5148\u5165\u70ba\u4e3b\uff1b\u9664\u975e\u80fd\u5920\u6392\u9664\u4e00\u5207\u7591\u616e\uff0c\u7d55\u4e0d\u8f15\u6613\u505a\u51fa\u5224\u65b7\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u3000\u30002.\u6bcf\u7576\u78b0\u5230\u96e3\u984c\uff0c\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u5b83\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u8a31\u591a\u7d30\u7bc0\uff0c\u4ee5\u5229\u65bc\u70ba\u6bcf\u500b\u7d30\u7bc0\u627e\u5230\u6eff\u610f\u7684\u89e3\u7b54\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u3000\u30003.\u9032\u884c\u601d\u8003\u6642\uff0c\u8981\u5f9e\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u77ad\u89e3\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5207\u5165\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u9010\u6b65\u5347\u7d1a\u3002\u9762\u5c0d\u6c92\u6709\u5148\u5f8c\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u8a2d\u6cd5\u5b9a\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u9806\u5e8f\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u3000\u30004.\u5c0d\u6bcf\u500b\u74b0\u7bc0\u90fd\u8981\u9032\u884c\u6700\u5b8c\u6574\u6700\u5fb9\u5e95\u7684\u6aa2\u67e5\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u758f\u6f0f\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u56db\u689d\u300c\u53e3\u8a23\u300d\u51fa\u81ea\u300a\u8ac7\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\uff0c\u516c\u8a8d\u662f\u8a72\u66f8\u6700\u7cbe\u83ef\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5927\u5bb6\u8033\u719f\u80fd\u8a73\u7684\u300c\u6211\u601d\u6545\u6211\u5728\u300d\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u51fa\u8655\u4e5f\u662f\u9019\u672c\u66f8(\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0)\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u300a\u8ac7\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\u5168\u66f8\u4ee5\u6cd5\u6587\u5beb\u6210\uff0c\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u5f8c\u4f86\u53c8\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u54f2\u5b78\u539f\u7406\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u7576\u6642\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u8a9e\u8a00\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u5c07\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u91cd\u5beb\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5982\u4eca\u6d41\u50b3\u6700\u5ee3\u7684\u7248\u672c(Cogito ergo sum)\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u25cf\u4eba\u7b97\u4e0d\u5982\u5929\u7b97<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5c31\u73fe\u4ee3\u89c0\u9ede\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5728\u7d14\u6578\u5b78\u6216\u61c9\u7528\u6578\u5b78\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u7686\u7121\u5eb8\u8d05\u8a00\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5c07\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u7684\u300a\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b78\u300b\u5f9e\u982d\u5230\u5c3e\u7ffb\u95b1\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u6703\u89ba\u5f97\u4f5c\u8005\u5fe0\u5be6\u7e7c\u627f\u4e86\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u4e26\u672a\u63a2\u8a0e\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u61c9\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5343\u842c\u5225\u4ee5\u70ba\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u771f\u7684\u6548\u6cd5\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u7d14\u7cb9\u662f\u70ba\u7814\u7a76\u800c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u70ba\u767c\u660e\u800c\u767c\u660e\u3002\u6211\u5011\u525b\u624d\u5df2\u7d93\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\u8207\u76ee\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u78ba\u2500\u2500\u7528\u4ee5\u793a\u7bc4\u300a\u8ac7\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\u662f\u591a\u9ebc\u5f37\u800c\u6709\u529b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff1b\u552f\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u9580\u5167\u529f\u5fc3\u6cd5\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u8b93\u5e7e\u4f55\u8207\u4ee3\u6578\u6c34\u4e73\u4ea4\u878d\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u53ea\u662f\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u4e00\u5ec2\u60c5\u9858\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u5c31\u5728\u300a\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b78\u300b\u5373\u5c07\u51fa\u7248\u4e4b\u969b\uff0c\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u807d\u8aaa\u67d0\u4f4d\u6cd5\u570b\u696d\u9918\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e26\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u5957\u5fc3\u6cd5\uff0c\u7adf\u7136\u4e5f\u8aa4\u6253\u8aa4\u649e\uff0c\u6478\u7d22\u51fa\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b78\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u8c48\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u300a\u8ac7\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4f5c\u8005\u8072\u7a31\u7684\u90a3\u9ebc\u5049\u5927\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4ed9\u4e39\u9748\u85e5\uff0c\u9802\u591a\u53ea\u662f\u6709\u76ca\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u88dc\u54c1\u7f77\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u96d6\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5049\u5927\u7684\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u4eab\u6709\u300c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b78\u4e4b\u7236\u300d\u751a\u81f3\u300c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6578\u5b78\u4e4b\u7236\u300d\u7684\u7f8e\u8b7d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6210\u5c31\u537b\u4e26\u975e\u5fc3\u80f8\u5bec\u5927\u6216\u4eba\u683c\u9ad8\u5c1a\u7684\u4fdd\u8b49\u3002\u5728\u7372\u6089\u96d9\u80de\u6848\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u7d72\u6beb\u4e0d\u9867\u540c\u80de\u4e4b\u60c5\uff0c\u5c0d\u90a3\u4f4d\u696d\u9918\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c55\u958b\u53e3\u8a85\u7b46\u4f10\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u7d42\u65bc\u5982\u9858\u4ee5\u511f\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\u722d\u5f97\u300c\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u552f\u4e00\u767c\u660e\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81f3\u65bc\u90a3\u4f4d\u696d\u9918\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u906d\u5230\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u6253\u58d3\uff0c\u7d42\u7a76\u9084\u662f\u540d\u7559\u9752\u53f2(\u4f60\u61c9\u8a72\u807d\u904e\u300c\u8cbb\u99ac\u6700\u5f8c\u5b9a\u7406\u300d\u5427)\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u5e73\u4e8b\u8e5f\u592a\u8c50\u5bcc\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u9019\u9ede\u7bc7\u5e45\u5beb\u4e0d\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u597d\u53e6\u627e\u6a5f\u6703\u518d\u8ac7\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_27937\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27937\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/19-2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27937\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/19-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"507\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27937\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u300a\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b78\u300b\u539f\u7248\u7684\u5169\u9801(\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aInternet Archive)\u5de6\u9801\u7684\u63d2\u5716\u5b8c\u5168\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u300c\u5ea7\u6a19\u5e7e\u4f55\u300d\u7684\u5473\u9053\uff0c\u53f3\u9801\u5247\u6709\u5169\u500b\u985e\u4f3c\u76f4\u89d2\u5ea7\u6a19\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e00\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u63a1\u7528\u5ee3\u7fa9\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u5df2\u7d93\u61c2\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528\u5ea7\u6a19\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u300a\u5713\u9310\u66f2\u7dda\u300b\u9019\u672c\u7d93\u5178\u540d\u8457\u4e2d\uff0c\u963f\u6c0f(Apollonius of Perga)\u6bcf\u7576\u756b\u51fa\u6a62\u5713\u3001\u62cb\u7269\u7dda\u6216\u96d9\u66f2\u7dda\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u90fd\u6703\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u756b\u4e00\u4e9b\u985e\u4f3c\u5ea7\u6a19\u8ef8\u7684\u8f14\u52a9\u7dda\u2500\u2500\u5fc5\u9808\u5f37\u8abf\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u8f14\u52a9\u7dda\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u689d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5ea7\u6a19\u8ef8\uff0c\u5176\u9918\u7686\u8655\u65bc\u6b21\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u5df2\u7d93\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u5ea7\u6a19\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u5148\u5929\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u96a8\u8457\u89e3\u984c\u904e\u7a0b\u9010\u6f38\u7522\u751f\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u5287\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u5148\u642d\u597d\u821e\u53f0\uff0c\u6f14\u54e1\u624d\u80fd\u767b\u53f0\u8868\u6f14\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e8c\uff1a\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u53c8\u540d\u5ea7\u6a19\u5e7e\u4f55\uff0c\u4f46\u6216\u8a31\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u60f3\u5230\u300c\u5ea7\u6a19\u5e7e\u4f55\u300d\u662f\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u7684\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u300c\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u300d\u5247\u6709\u9ede\u4e0d\u77e5\u6240\u4e91(\u504f\u504f\u5f8c\u8005\u4e00\u76f4\u4f54\u4e0a\u98a8)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u4e0d\u80fd\u602a\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u602a\u8cbb\u99ac\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u4ed6\u5011\u5169\u4f4d\u662f\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u7684\u767c\u660e\u4eba\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u53e4\u602a\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u537b\u4e0d\u5e72\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u540d\u7a31\u6700\u65e9\u51fa\u73fe\u65bc\u6cd5\u570b\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u6d1b\u6c0f(Michel Rolle)\u4e00\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u984c\u76ee\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u662f1709\u5e74\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u6d1b\u6c0f\u70ba\u4f55\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u300d\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u820a\u773e\u8aaa\u7d1b\u7d1c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e09\uff1a\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u8207\u8cbb\u99ac\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u5167\u5bb9\u5927\u540c\u5c0f\u7570\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5dee\u7570\u5728\u65bc\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u5f9e\u66f2\u7dda\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u5c0b\u627e\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u8cbb\u99ac\u7684\u9806\u5e8f\u5247\u525b\u597d\u76f8\u53cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u90fd\u7e7c\u627f\u4e86\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u50c5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u5ea7\u6a19\u8ef8\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u8ef8\u5247\u626e\u6f14\u8f14\u52a9\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u660e\u986f\u756b\u51fa\u4f86\u2500\u2500\u5373\u4f7f\u756b\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u5169\u500b\u8ef8\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5782\u76f4\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5169\u4eba\u5f9e\u4f86\u6c92\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7528\u904e\u5e73\u9762\u76f4\u89d2\u5ea7\u6a19\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81f3\u65bc\u300c\u5169\u8ef8\u5e73\u7b49\u300d\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u8ab0\u9996\u5021\u7684\uff0c\u6578\u5b78\u53f2\u5bb6\u76ee\u524d\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u5b9a\u8ad6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u725b\u9813\u7684\u624b\u7a3f\u88e1\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u51fa\u73fe\u5169\u8ef8\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u76f4\u89d2\u5ea7\u6a19\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u56db\uff1a\u5e73\u9762\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u7684\u5169\u500b\u5ea7\u6a19\u8ef8\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u6a6b\u5ea7\u6a19\u300d\u8207\u300c\u7e31\u5ea7\u6a19\u300d\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u9867\u540d\u601d\u7fa9\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u897f\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u770b\u51fa\u5169\u8005\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u89aa\u5c6c\u95dc\u4fc2(\u4ee5\u82f1\u6587\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u70baabscissa, \u5f8c\u8005\u70baordinate)\u3002\u8ffd\u6839\u7a76\u67e2\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u8207\u8cbb\u99ac\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u500b\u5ea7\u6a19\u8ef8\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u4e26\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e2\u7136\u8ac7\u5230\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u9806\u4fbf\u5c07\u5e7e\u500b\u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u5b57\u6e90\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5ea7\u6a19(coordinate)\uff1a\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u610f\u986f\u7136\u8207\u300c\u7e31\u5ea7\u6a19\u300d\u6709\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6a6b\u5ea7\u6a19(abscissa)\uff1a\u6e90\u81ea\u963f\u6c0f\u300a\u5713\u9310\u66f2\u7dda\u300b\u7684\u5e0c\u81d8\u6587\u539f\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7e31\u5ea7\u6a19(ordinate)\uff1a\u6e90\u81ea\u300a\u5713\u9310\u66f2\u7dda\u300b\u7684\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u8b6f\u672c(ordinatim applicata\u9019\u500b\u8a5e)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Z\u5ea7\u6a19(applicate)\uff1a\u540c\u4e0a(\u4e2d\u6587\u6c92\u6709\u6b63\u5f0f\u8b6f\u540d\uff0c\u300c\u8c4e\u5ea7\u6a19\u300d\u662f\u4e0d\u932f\u7684\u9078\u64c7)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8c61\u9650(quadrant)\uff1a\u82f1\u6587\u6e90\u81ea\u300c\u56db\u300d\u7684\u5b57\u9996(quad-)\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u6e90\u81ea\u300a\u6613\u7d93\u300b\u7684\u300c\u56db\u8c61\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5366\u9650(octant)\uff1a\u82f1\u6587\u6e90\u81ea\u300c\u516b\u300d\u7684\u5b57\u9996(oct-)\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u6e90\u81ea\u300a\u6613\u7d93\u300b\u7684\u300c\u516b\u5366\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5c07\u7b1b\u5361\u5152\u7684\u300a\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b78\u300b\u5f9e\u982d\u5230\u5c3e\u7ffb\u95b1\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u6703\u89ba\u5f97\u4f5c\u8005\u5fe0\u5be6\u7e7c\u627f\u4e86\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u4e26\u672a\u63a2\u8a0e\u89e3\u6790\u5e7e\u4f55\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u61c9\u7528\u3002<br 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