{"id":27857,"date":"2017-05-05T00:06:33","date_gmt":"2017-05-04T16:06:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=27857"},"modified":"2018-07-29T09:20:54","modified_gmt":"2018-07-29T01:20:54","slug":"%e5%a4%a7%e5%8d%83%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c%e4%bd%95%e8%99%95%e5%ae%b9%e4%b8%8b%e3%80%8c%e6%88%91%e3%80%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=27857","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u63a2\u7d2217-2\u3011\u5927\u5343\u4e16\u754c\u4f55\u8655\u5bb9\u4e0b\u300c\u6211\u300d"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_27865\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27865\" style=\"width: 450px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27865\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/17-2..jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/17-2..jpg 980w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/17-2.-600x416.jpg 600w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/17-2.-800x555.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27865\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">CC0 Public Domain<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u6f14\u8b1b\uff5c<\/strong>\u6d2a\u88d5\u5b8f\u6559\u6388<strong><br \/>\n\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u6c88\u541b\u5b9c<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u4f55\u800c\u4f86\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u554f\u984c\u5728\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e86\u7121\u65b0\u610f\uff0c\u6f14\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u767c\u5c55\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u90fd\u554f\u904e\uff1b\u82e5\u63db\u6210\u5fc3\u667a\u54f2\u5b78\u6216\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f86\u554f\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\u5462\uff1f\u54f2\u5b78\u554f\u984c\u5f80\u5f80\u8499\u8457\u7384\u5999\u7684\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u9084\u4ee5\u70ba\u50c5\u6b62\u908f\u8f2f\u8207\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7684\u722d\u8faf\uff0c\u6b8a\u4e0d\u77e5\u6700\u597d\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u662f\u8d70\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u6700\u524d\u7dda\u3001\u4e14\u4e8c\u8005\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e0d\u65b7\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7565\u5177\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u4f55\u800c\u4f86\u300d\u6216\u300c\u4e16\u754c\u5982\u4f55\u7522\u751f\u6211\u300d\u6216\u53ef\u8f15\u6613\u56de\u7b54\u51fa\u751f\u547d\u7522\u751f\u7684\u8a73\u5be6\u904e\u7a0b\uff1b\u5373\u4fbf\u4e00\u7ac5\u4e0d\u901a\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u89ba\u5730\u8aaa\u300c\u6211\u5abd\u5abd\u751f\u6211\u7684\u5440\uff01\u300d\u4f46\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u60f3\u904e\uff0c\u524d\u4e00\u79d2\u4f60\u5c1a\u672a\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u4e0b\u4e00\u79d2\u4fbf\u300c\u51fa\u73fe\u300d\u4e86<b>\u2500\u2500<\/b>\u8c48\u4e0d\u5f14\u8a6d\uff1f\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5e73\u5747\u4e03\u5e74\u4fbf\u6c70\u63db\u4e00\u8f2a\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u8aaa\u4f86\uff0c\u4e03\u5e74\u5f8c\u7684\u9019\u500b\u500b\u9ad4\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u300c\u6211\u300d\u55ce\uff1f<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u6211\u601d\u6545\u6211\u5728\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8a31\u591a\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u8207\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u90fd\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u59cb\u65bc\u300c\u610f\u8b58\u300d\u7684\u7522\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8166\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u9010\u6f38\u62ac\u982d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f80\u88ab\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u55e4\u4e4b\u4ee5\u9f3b\u7684\u300c\u610f\u8b58\u300d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e00\u8e8d\u800c\u6210\u4e86\u56b4\u683c\u79d1\u5b78\u3002\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u91ab\u5b78\u4e0a\u8207\u6e05\u9192\u7a0b\u5ea6\u76f8\u95dc\u4e4b\u300c\u610f\u8b58\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u8ac7\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u8457\u91cd\u611f\u5b98\u77e5\u89ba\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u85c9\u7531\u9019\u4e9b\u611f\u77e5\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u89c0\u9ede\u3001\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8001\u639b\u5728\u5634\u908a\u300c\u975e\u7b46\u58a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u5bb9\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u610f\u8b58\u79d1\u5b78\u4e2d\uff0c\u78ba\u5be6\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u5c08\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba\u76f8\u8f03\u610f\u8b58\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u518d\u7cbe\u6e96\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e5f\u7c97\u7cd9\u7121\u6bd4\uff01\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u610f\u8b58\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u4e3b\u89c0\u4e5f\u500b\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u96e3\u4ee5\u8f49\u79fb---- \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u300c\u5b50\u975e\u9b5a\uff0c\u7109\u77e5\u9b5a\u4e4b\u6a02\uff01\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u770b\u4f3c\u9032\u5c55\u795e\u901f\u7684\u8166\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u537b\u96e3\u4ee5\u89e3\u7b54\u8907\u96dc\u795e\u7d93\u7db2\u7d61\u6240\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u300c\u5927\u8166\uff08brain\uff09\u300d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u7522\u751f\u51fa\u300c\u5fc3\u9748\uff08mind\uff09\u300d\u3002\u795e\u7d93\u7db2\u7d61\u662f\u7269\u7406\u7684\u3001\u7269\u8cea\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u5011\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u6216\u5fc3\u9748\uff0c\u537b\u662f\u7531\u300c\u611f\u8cea\uff08qualia\uff09\u300d\u6240\u69cb\u6210\uff1b\u6b64\u4e8c\u8005\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u7a76\u7adf\u70ba\u4f55\uff0c\u53e4\u4eca\u4e2d\u5916\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u7d1b\u7d1b\u767c\u8868\u904e\u9ad8\u898b\uff1b\u65bc\u662f\u4e4e\uff0c\u552f\u5fc3\u8ad6\u3001\u552f\u7269\u8ad6\u3001\u4e8c\u5143\u8ad6\u3001\u534a\u76f8\u8ad6\u7b49\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u722d\u8ad6\u4e0d\u4f11\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4e3b\u89c0\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u7522\u751f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e86\u8af8\u591a\u7cbe\u5de7\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8207\u5b78\u8aaa\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73fe\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u610f\u8b58\u662f\u7531\u5927\u8166\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u6240\u7522\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u4e16\u7d00\u4e4b\u722d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u570b\u795e\u7d93\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6Dehaene \u7684\u5168\u8166\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e73\u53f0\u7406\u8ad6\uff08Global neuronal workspace theory, GNWT\uff09\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u8166\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5e73\u53f0\uff08\u60f3\u50cf\u6210\u9ed1\u677f\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u610f\u8b58\u7522\u751f\u7684\u95dc\u9375\uff1b\u5404\u7a2e\u77e5\u89ba\u8207\u5de5\u4f5c\u5340\u57df\u90fd\u8207\u5b83\u6709\u6240\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u884c\u5168\u8166\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u5206\u4eab\u3002\u4f60\u6703\u554f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u6f0f\u7db2\u4e4b\u9b5a\u5462\uff1f\u5b78\u8aaa\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u672a\u7d93\u904e\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u69cb\u6210\u300c\u610f\u8b58\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u554f\u984c\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u8166\u4e2d\u4f55\u8655\u5bb9\u7d0d\u6b64\u4e00\u300c\u5e73\u53f0\u300d\uff1f\u5b78\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u601d\u8003\u5224\u65b7\u4e0a\u66f4\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u300c\u524d\u8166\u300d\u662f\u4f54\u4e0a\u98a8\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u984d\u8449\u8207\u9802\u8449\u9593\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u8166\u5340\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u8b58\u771f\u7684\u662f\u7531\u5e73\u53f0\u7522\u751f\u7684\u55ce\uff1f\u9019\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u5f15\u767c\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5e03\u62c9\u514b\uff08Ned Block\uff09\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5340\u5206\u610f\u8b58\u70ba\u300c\u53d6\u7528\u610f\u8b58\u300d\u8207\u300c\u73fe\u8c61\u610f\u8b58\u300d\uff1b\u524d\u8005\u662f\u6211\u5011\u771f\u6b63\u62ff\u4f86\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u5206\u6790\u3001\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u5247\u662f\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u611f\u8cea\u8207\u7d93\u9a57\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u6735\u73ab\u7470\uff0c\u5176\u9999\u5473\u3001\u8272\u5f69\u3001\u5f62\u8c8c\uff0c\u90fd\u900f\u904e\u77e5\u89ba\u795e\u7d93\u9032\u5165\u5f8c\u8166\uff0c\u69cb\u6210\u73fe\u8c61\u610f\u8b58\uff1b\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6211\u5011\u8a66\u5716\u8207\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u7a31\u8b9a\u300c\u73ab\u7470\u597d\u7f8e\u5440\u300d\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u624d\u52d5\u7528\u5230\u524d\u8166\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u53d6\u7528\u610f\u8b58\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e03\u62c9\u514b\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u53d6\u6750\u8457\u540d\u7684\u53f2\u67cf\u6797\uff08Sperling\uff09\u300c\u5168\u90e8\u5831\u544a\u300d\u8207\u300c\u90e8\u5206\u5831\u544a\u300d\u5be6\u9a57\u3002\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u89c0\u770b\u4e00\u4e32\u96a8\u6a5f\u3001\u6392\u6210\u4e09\u884c\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u56de\u61b6\u6240\u898b\u3002\u5728\u300c\u5168\u90e8\u5831\u544a\u300d\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u53ea\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u51fa\u5340\u5340\u56db\u3001\u4e94\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\uff1b\u4f46\u82e5\u5728\u89c0\u770b\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ea\u63d0\u793a\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u5831\u544a\u300c\u67d0\u4e00\u884c\u300d\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u56de\u7b54\u51fa\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u5e03\u62c9\u514b\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u82e5\u975e\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bcd\u90fd\u300c\u88ab\u770b\u5230\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e8b\u5f8c\u63d0\u793a\u6642\u5831\u544a\u51fa\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u6578\u3002\u800c\u5728\u300c\u5168\u90e8\u5831\u544a\u300d\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u56db\u3001\u4e94\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u9032\u5165\u53d6\u7528\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u4f46\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e5f\u90fd\u6709\u300c\u88ab\u770b\u898b\u300d\u3002\u5e03\u62c9\u514b\u4ee5\u6b64\u6311\u6230\u5168\u8166\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e73\u53f0\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u7121\u6cd5\u53d6\u7528\u5c31\u4e0d\u69cb\u6210\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81e8\u5e8a\u4e0a\u7684\u9589\u9396\u75c7\u5019\u7fa4\uff08Lock-in syndrome\uff09\u4f3c\u4e5f\u99c1\u65a5\u4e86\u53d6\u7528\u624d\u69cb\u6210\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u9019\u985e\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u7531\u65bc\u96a8\u610f\u808c\u7684\u7671\u7613\uff0c\u5168\u8eab\u5916\u89c0\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5176\u611f\u5b98\u537b\u662f\u7121\u6bd4\u9bae\u660e\uff1b\u82e5\u662f\u5728\u624b\u8853\u9ebb\u9189\u4e2d\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u91ab\u751f\u4e0b\u5200\u6642\uff0c\u75c5\u4eba\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u75db\u4e0d\u6b32\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u537b\u82e6\u7121\u9580\u8def\u8868\u9054\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Dehaene\u7684\u5b78\u751fKouider \u5247\u5c0d\u7406\u8ad6\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fee\u6b63\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9032\u5165\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u6709\u9ad8\u5c64\u6b21\u8207\u4f4e\u5c64\u6b21\u4e4b\u5206\uff0c\u975e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u7d93\u9a57\u90fd\u6703\u88ab\u4ee5\u540c\u7b49\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u9019\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u5e6b\u52a9\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u722d\u8b70<b>\u2500\u2500<\/b>\u300c\u52d5\u7269\u6709\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u300d<b>\u2500\u2500<\/b>\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff1a\u52d5\u7269\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u8f03\u4f4e\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u53d7\u9650\u65bc\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u67ef\u8d6b\uff08Christof Koch\uff09\u4e5f\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u5f8c\u8166\u76ae\u8cea\u5340\u662f\u610f\u8b58\u795e\u7d93\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u300c\u71b1\u5340\u300d\uff0c\u5176\u6d3b\u5316\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u611f\u89ba\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u52d5\u7528\u524d\u8166\u3002\u800c\u610f\u8b58\u7d93\u9a57\u8207\u9078\u64c7\u6027\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u540c\u6a23\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u96e2\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u4e0a\u7a31\u4e4b\u300c\u96d9\u91cd\u5206\u96e2\uff08double dissocaition\uff09\u300d\u3002\u524d\u8166\u53ea\u5728\u9700\u8981\u9032\u884c\u601d\u8003\u5224\u65b7\u6642\u6d3b\u5316\uff0c\u4ed6\u56e0\u800c\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b83\u662f\u69cb\u6210\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u5fc5\u9808\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8cb7\u5e33\u7684\u4eba\u4f9d\u820a\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u8655\u7406\u3001\u53d6\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u55ce\uff1f\u6d2a\u88d5\u5b8f\u6559\u6388\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u63a5\u53d7\u9ebb\u9189\u5f8c\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u70ba\u4f8b\uff1a\u96d6\u7136\u5b8c\u5168\u7121\u6cd5\u7531\u5916\u754c\u5f97\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u611f\u5b98\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u4e5f\u9054\u5230\u91ab\u5b78\u4e0a\u300c\u7121\u610f\u8b58\uff08unconscious\uff09\u300d\u7684\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u537b\u4f9d\u820a\u53e8\u5ff5\u8457\u8a02\u8cfc\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5668\u6750\u9084\u6c92\u5230\u8ca8\u3002\u5c0d\u4ed6\u500b\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9ebb\u9189\u4e0b\u7684\u534a\u5c0f\u6642\u5c31\u50cf\u6d3b\u751f\u751f\u5f9e\u4eba\u751f\u4e2d\u88ab\u5272\u9664\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u5168\u7121\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u72c0\u614b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u6703\u88ab\u610f\u8b58\u54f2\u5b78\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u300c\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u300d\u72c0\u614b\u55ce\uff1f\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u5168\u8166\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e73\u53f0\u7406\u8ad6\u61f8\u800c\u672a\u6c7a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9810\u6e2c\u6b77\u7a0b\u7406\u8ad6\uff08Predictive processing, PP\uff09\u7531Andy Clark\u8207Karl Friston\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u4e5f\u7531\u907a\u50b3\u3001\u6f14\u5316\u89c0\u9ede\u5207\u5165\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e3b\u5f35\u500b\u9ad4\u4e00\u51fa\u751f\u4fbf\u7531\u89aa\u4ee3\u627f\u8972\u4e86\u611f\u5b98\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u300c\u88dd\u5099\u300d\u4e86\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u8a6e\u91cb\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u627f\u8972\u4f86\u7684\u5fc3\u667a\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6216\u8a31\u6c38\u9060\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u5168\u7136\u7406\u89e3\u5b87\u5b99\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6d3e\u5225\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u7576\u523a\u6fc0\u4f86\u8972\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u662f\u4ee5\u672c\u8eab\u5177\u6709\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u505a\u51fa\u9810\u6e2c\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9810\u6e2c\u7e3d\u6709\u5931\u8aa4\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff1b\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4fbf\u6703\u6839\u64da\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u4fee\u6b63\u6982\u5ff5\u5eab\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u51fa\u6e96\u78ba\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u3002\u300c\u610f\u8b58\u300d\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e0b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u9810\u6e2c\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5916\u754c\u523a\u6fc0\u5c0d\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5e38\u88ab\u8ac7\u5230\u662f\u8a0a\u606f\u6574\u5408\u7406\u8ad6\uff08Information integration theory, IIT\uff09\u3002\u9019\u6d3e\u5b78\u8aaa\u8a08\u7b97\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u03a6\u503c---- \u8a08\u7b97\u7cfb\u7d71\u96f6\u7d44\u4ef6\u4e4b\u9593\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8a0a\u606f\u4ea4\u63db\uff0c\u518d\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6b64\u4ea4\u63db\u662f\u5426\u7dda\u6027\uff1b\u4ed6\u5011\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u300c\u610f\u8b58\u300d\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cf\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u79d1\u6280\u3001\u91ab\u7642\u4e0a\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u7279\u8272\u662f\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6578\u5b78\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u53ef\u8a08\u7b97\u51fa\u975e\u96f6\u7684\u03a6\u503c\uff1b\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4eba\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u52d5\u7269\u3001\u7121\u751f\u7269\u3001\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u7b49\uff0c\u5747\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u610f\u8b58<b>\u2500\u2500<\/b>\u985e\u4f3c\u300c\u6cdb\u9748\u8ad6\u300d\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e26\u975e\u4eba\u4eba\u6b23\u7136\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6709\u5fd7\u767c\u5c55\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u7684\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u7121\u7591\u611f\u5230\u5e0c\u671b\u7121\u7aae\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u300c\u96e3\u89e3\u7684\u554f\u984c\u300d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8ad6\u54ea\u4e00\u4e3b\u6d41\u5b78\u6d3e\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6beb\u7121\u6575\u4eba\u3002David Chalmers \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u610f\u8b58\u79d1\u5b78\u4e0a\u300c\u96e3\u89e3\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff08The Hard Problem\uff09\u300d\uff1b\u9664\u4e86\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\u7684\u300c\u660f\u8ff7\u8207\u6e05\u9192\u300d\u9019\u6a23\u7d14\u7cb9\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u53d6\u7528\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\uff0cChalmers \u770b\u4f86\u4f9d\u820a\u4e0d\u8db3\u639b\u9f52\u3002\u4ed6\u8a66\u8457\u6311\u6230\u5168\u8166\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e73\u53f0\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u8ffd\u554f\uff1a\u4f55\u4ee5\u524d\u8166\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u7d93\u9a57\uff1f\u9019\u66f4\u6df1\u4e00\u5c64\u7684\u8ffd\u554f\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u907f\u4e4b\u552f\u6050\u4e0d\u53ca\uff1b\u53cd\u5c0d\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u904e\u5ea6\u91cd\u8996\u300c\u96e3\u89e3\u7684\u554f\u984c\u300d\u6703\u59a8\u5bb3\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u9032\u6b65\u3002\u56e0\u800c\u300c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff08The Real Problem\uff09\u300d\u61c9\u904b\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f35\u4e0d\u80fd\u5426\u8a8d\u96e3\u89e3\u554f\u984c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8a72\u904e\u5ea6\u91cd\u8996\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u5931\u843d\u7684\u300c\u6211\u300d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u6613\u89e3\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6bd4\u6bd4\u7686\u662f\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5927\u8166\u8207\u5c0f\u8166\u7684\u7d44\u6210\u7686\u662f\u795e\u7d93\u5143\uff0c\u537b\u53ea\u6709\u5927\u8166\u7684\u6d3b\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u7522\u751f\u610f\u8b58\u7d93\u9a57\u3002\u53c8\u5982\uff0c\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u7522\u751f\u300c\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u300d---- \u5982\u4f55\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u6211\u300d\uff1f\u4efb\u4f55\u601d\u8003\u6216\u77e5\u89ba\u90fd\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u64c1\u6709\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u300c\u6211\u300d\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>Thomas Nagel \u63d0\u51fa\u8457\u540d\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u554f\u984c\u300c\u4f5c\u70ba\u8759\u8760\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\uff08What is it like to be a bat?\uff09\u300d\u4e3b\u5f35\u9664\u4e86\u8759\u8760\uff08\u6216\u4efb\u4e00\u500b\u500b\u9ad4\u672c\u8eab\uff09\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u7260\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u3002\u4e5f\u8a31\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\uff0c\u4f46\u5373\u4fbf\u540c\u6a23\u662f\u300c\u4eba\u300d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4f9d\u820a\u53ea\u80fd\u78ba\u5b9a\u300c\u81ea\u5df1\u300d\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u3002\u7531\u4e00\u584a\u7269\u7406\u7d44\u7e54\u800c\u6210\u70ba\u300c\u6211\u300d\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u540c\u6a23\u597d\u5947\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Antonio Damasio \u8a66\u8457\u7528\u8166\u795e\u7d93\u89e3\u5256\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5efa\u7acb\u300c\u6211\u300d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u539f\u578b\u81ea\u6211\uff08proto self\uff09\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u537b\u662f\u5efa\u69cb\u81ea\u6211\u5ea7\u6a19\u7cfb\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u751f\u7406\u57fa\u790e\uff1b\u6838\u5fc3\u81ea\u6211\uff08Core self\uff09\u7522\u751f\u7576\u4e0b\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u8207\u611f\u89ba\uff0c\u7531\u4e18\u8166\u626e\u6f14\u4e3b\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u81ea\u50b3\u5f0f\u81ea\u6211\uff08Autobiographical self\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d77\u99ac\u8ff4\u8ca0\u8cac\u5c07\u7d93\u6b77\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u77e5\u89ba\u52a0\u4e0a\u300c\u6642\u9593\u6a19\u8a18\u300d\uff1b\u4eba\u7d93\u5e38\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u9019\u4e9b\u7d93\u9a57\u8a18\u61b6\u4f86\u5b9a\u7fa9\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f9d\u64da\u4e09\u5c64\u81ea\u6211\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u554f\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u842c\u4e00\uff0c\u8166\u5340\u300c\u58de\u4e86\u300d\u5462\uff1f\u5931\u667a\u75c7\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u640d\u58de\u7684\u6d77\u99ac\u8ff4\uff0c\u4f7f\u63d0\u53d6\u8a18\u61b6\u986f\u5f97\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u5426\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u300c\u6211\u300d\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u54f2\u5b78\u76e1\u529b\u9760\u650f\uff0cThomas Nagel \u4f9d\u820a\u5c0d\u300c\u6211\u300d\u80fd\u5426\u88ab\u300c\u627e\u5230\u300d\u5b58\u7591\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5ba2\u89c0\u63cf\u8ff0\u518d\u7cbe\u7f8e\u518d\u8a73\u5be6\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4f9d\u7136\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u6211\u300d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u524d\u7aef\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u63d0\u5230\u300c\u6642\u7a7a\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u300d\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u5728\u7269\u7406\u9650\u5236\u4e0b\uff0c\u6703\u7522\u751f\u7368\u5230\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u807d\u4f86\u4e0d\u7f88\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u537b\u8b93\u6d2a\u6559\u6388\u76f4\u547c\u6709\u8da3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u4ea4\u96c6\u66f4\u6709\u751a\u8005\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u60e0\u52d2\uff08John Wheeler\uff09\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u4e86\u8a0a\u606f\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b78\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u537b\u6307\u51fa\u4e16\u754c\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u300c\u975e\u7269\u8cea\u300d\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u4e0a\u3002\u96e3\u9053\u8aaa\uff0c\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u4fe1\u865f\u662f\u300c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u975e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u300d\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u6216\u8a31\u53ea\u6709\u5df2\u6545\u7684\u60e0\u52d2\u672c\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u63ed\u66c9\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u4f3c\u4e4e\u904a\u8d70\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u667a\u6167\u7684\u524d\u7dda\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u5426\u7586\u754c\uff1f\u6216\u8a31\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4e0d\u65b7\u7684\u63a8\u5c55\u7586\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u903c\u8fd1\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>--<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u672c\u6587\u6574\u7406\u81ea\uff1a106\/4\/8 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