{"id":27254,"date":"2017-04-27T00:16:42","date_gmt":"2017-04-26T16:16:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=27254"},"modified":"2018-07-29T08:11:47","modified_gmt":"2018-07-29T00:11:47","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%a5%b3%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%b8%e5%ae%b6%e3%80%91%e8%88%9e%e5%8b%95%e6%96%bc%e4%bb%a3%e6%95%b8%e4%b9%8b%e7%be%8e%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b8%e5%ad%b8%e5%ae%b6%e2%94%80%e2%94%80%e5%9f%83%e7%b1%b3%c2%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=27254","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5973\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u3011\u821e\u52d5\u65bc\u4ee3\u6578\u4e4b\u7f8e\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u2500\u2500\u57c3\u7c73\u00b7\u8afe\u7279"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_27255\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27255\" style=\"width: 274px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27255\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Noether.jpg\" width=\"274\" height=\"400\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27255\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emmy Noether<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong><span data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;\\u738b\\u923a\\u96ef&quot;}\" data-sheets-userformat=\"{&quot;2&quot;:513,&quot;3&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:0},&quot;12&quot;:0}\">\u738b\u923a\u96ef<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u7d14\u6578\u5b78\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u908f\u8f2f\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u8a69\u6b4c\uff1b\u57c3\u7c73\u00b7\u8afe\u7279(\u767c\u97f3\u70baNER-ter)\u8ffd\u5c0b\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u4ee5\u517c\u5177\u7c21\u7d04\u3001\u5408\u7406\u3001\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u901a\u5247\u3002\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u8b9a\u7f8e\u5979\uff1a\u300c\u5728\u8ffd\u5c0b\u908f\u8f2f\u7f8e\u5b78\u5f8b\u52d5\u7684\u898f\u5247\u6642\uff0c\u767c\u6398\u8cab\u7a7f\u81ea\u7136\u6cd5\u5247\u8981\u7d20\u300d(\u610f\u8b6f\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u898b\u8a3b\u4e00\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57c3\u7c73\u00b7\u8afe\u7279 (Emmy Noether, 1882-1935)\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u5728\u5169\u500b\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u62bd\u8c61\u4ee3\u6578\u548c\u7406\u8ad6\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u3002\u5979\u7814\u7a76\u62bd\u8c61\u4ee3\u6578\uff0c\u5982\u5fae\u5206\u4e0d\u8b8a\u91cf\u7406\u8ad6\u53ca\u4f3d\u7f85\u74e6\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5c07\u4e0d\u540c\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u73fe\u8c61\u62bd\u53d6\u51fa\u4f86\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u53ca\u516c\u7406\u5316\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u7528\u4ee3\u6578\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u7406\u8ad6\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\uff0c\u5979\u63a8\u5c0e\u51fa\u4e86\u8afe\u7279\u5b9a\u7406\uff08\u898b\u8a3b\u4e8c\uff09\u3002\u6839\u64da\u5979\u7684\u5b9a\u7406\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u6709\u5c0d\u7a31\u6027\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u5177\u6709\u5b88\u6046\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u3002\u8afe\u7279\u518d\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u5c0e\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u901a\u7528\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5b9a\u7406\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u5167\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7a2e\u6578\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u5c0d\u7a31\u6027\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u5b9a\u5c0d\u61c9\u5230\u4e00\u7a2e\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u5b88\u6046\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3002\u8afe\u7279\u5b9a\u7406\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\u8b93\u5b83\u5728\u53e4\u5178\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5167\u5a01\u529b\u7121\u7aae\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\u76f8\u5ab2\u7f8e\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u57c3\u7c73\u00b7\u8afe\u7279\u96d6\u7136\u5c0d\u6578\u5b78\u8ddf\u7269\u7406\u6709\u5049\u5927\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ea\u56e0\u5979\u8eab\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u7684\u7336\u592a\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u9053\u8def\u7570\u5e38\u574e\u5777\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57c3\u7c73\u00b7\u8afe\u7279\u51fa\u751f\u65bc\u5fb7\u570b\u5df4\u4f10\u5229\u4e9e\u90a6\u57c3\u6717\u6839(Erlangen)\uff0c\u7236\u89aa\u99ac\u514b\u65af\u00b7\u8afe\u7279(Max Noether)\u662f\u57c3\u6717\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5c08\u7cbe\u65bc\u4ee3\u6578\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b78\u8207\u4ee3\u6578\u51fd\u6578\u8ad6\u3002\u59791900\u5e74\u5f9e\u5973\u5b50\u9ad8\u4e2d\u7562\u696d\u5f8c\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u7576\u6642\u793e\u6703\u5c0d\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u9810\u671f\uff0c\u9806\u5229\u7684\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u82f1\u8a9e\u8207\u6cd5\u8a9e\u6559\u5e2b\u8cc7\u683c\u3002\u4f46\u81ea\u5e7c\u5728\u7236\u89aa\u53ca\u5176\u53cb\u4eba\u7684\u85b0\u9676\u4e0b\uff0c\u8afe\u7279\u5c0d\u65bc\u6578\u5b78\u5145\u6eff\u4e86\u71b1\u8aa0\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u7576\u6642\u7684\u5fb7\u570b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5973\u751f\u4e0d\u88ab\u5141\u8a31\u5c31\u8b80\u5927\u5b78\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u4e86\u5165\u5b78\u8003\u8a66\u8afe\u7279\u9084\u662f\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u81ea\u8cbb\u65c1\u807d\u751f\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u5230\u5728\u57c3\u6717\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u807d\u8ab2\u3002\u5728\u5982\u6b64\u56f0\u96e3\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u74b0\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u8afe\u7279\u65c1\u807d\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e00\u9580\u6578\u5b78\u8ab2\uff0c\u4e14\u6c38\u9060\u5750\u5728\u6700\u524d\u6392\u807d\u8b1b\u3002\u5979\u8a8d\u771f\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u7372\u5f97\u6559\u6388\u5011\u7684\u559c\u611b\uff0c\u4e26\u57281903\u5e74\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u7562\u696d\u8003\u8a66\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6c92\u6709\u5b78\u7c4d\u7121\u6cd5\u53d6\u5f97\u5927\u5b78\u6587\u6191\u3002\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u8afe\u7279\u7e7c\u7e8c\u524d\u53bb\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u5927\u5b78(Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen\uff0c\u8a3b\u4e09) \u65c1\u807d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u7576\u6642\u4e00\u6d41\u5927\u5e2b\u6240\u958b\u8a2d\u7684\u8ab2\u5802\u5167\uff0c\u8afe\u7279\u5805\u5b9a\u4e86\u5f80\u6578\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u6c7a\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u8a8d\u8b58\u4e86\u83f2\u5229\u514b\u65af\u00b7\u514b\u83b1\u56e0(Felix Klein)\u548c\u5927\u885b\u00b7\u5e0c\u723e\u4f2f\u7279(David Hilbert)\u3002\u57281904\u5e74\u57c3\u6717\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u958b\u653e\u5973\u5b50\u5165\u5b78\u6642\uff0c\u8afe\u7279\u9806\u5229\u7684\u901a\u904e\u4e86\u535a\u58eb\u73ed\u7684\u5165\u5b78\u8003\u8a66\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u5f9e\u57c3\u6717\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u7562\u696d\u7684\u5973\u5b50\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u65bc1907\u5e74\u4ee5\u6700\u512a\u7b49\u7684\u6210\u7e3e\u901a\u904e\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\u7684\u53e3\u8a66\uff08\u8a3b\u56db\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u8afe\u7279\u8cbb\u76e1\u5343\u8f9b\u842c\u82e6\u53d6\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u7684\u6bcd\u6821\u62d2\u7d55\u96c7\u7528\u5973\u6027\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5979\u53ea\u80fd\u8ddf\u96a8\u8457\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7236\u89aa\uff0c\u4e00\u908a\u505a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e00\u908a\u5728\u6709\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6642\u5019\u5e6b\u5979\u7236\u89aa\u4ee3\u8ab2\u3002\u5c31\u9019\u6a23\u8afe\u7279\u5728\u57c3\u6717\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u7121\u85aa\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e03\u5e74\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5979\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u624d\u83ef\u5df2\u7121\u6cd5\u88ab\u5fb7\u570b\u6578\u5b78\u754c\u6240\u5ffd\u8996\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1915\u5e74\uff0c\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u514b\u83b1\u56e0\u548c\u5e0c\u723e\u4f2f\u7279\u8a66\u5716\u8aaa\u670d\u5176\u6240\u4efb\u8077\u7684\u55ae\u4f4d\u9304\u7528\u8afe\u7279\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u8afe\u7279\u7684\u624d\u83ef\u6703\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u6b63\u5728\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u4e00\u822c\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\u591a\u6240\u52a9\u76ca\uff0c\u53ef\u60dc\u6821\u65b9\u591a\u4eba\u8cea\u7591\u5973\u6027\u4efb\u6559\u7684\u6b63\u7576\u6027\uff0c\u6821\u65b9\u53cd\u5c0d\u7684\u7406\u7531\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u300c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u7684\u58eb\u5175\u5f9e\u6230\u5834\u56de\u5230\u5927\u5b78\uff0c\u537b\u767c\u73fe\u4ed6\u5011\u9700\u8981\u5f9e\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u8173\u908a\u5b78\u6771\u897f\u3002\u300d\u53ca\u300c\u82e5\u8b93\u5973\u6027\u6210\u70ba\u79c1\u8b1b\u5e2b\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u4e5f\u8a31\u5c31\u6703\u8b93\u5979\u7576\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u5979\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u5165\u5b78\u6821\u8a55\u8b70\u6703\u3002\u8a55\u8b70\u6703\u6703\u54e1\u600e\u9ebc\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5973\u6027\uff1f\u300d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u9858\u63d0\u4f9b\u79c1\u8b1b\u5e2b\u7684\u8077\u4f4d\uff08\u8a3b\u4e94\uff09\u3002\u5e0c\u723e\u4f2f\u7279\u61a4\u800c\u56de\u61c9\u300c\u6211\u7121\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u4f55\u5019\u9078\u4eba\u7684\u6027\u5225\u8207\u5979\u662f\u5426\u9069\u4efb\u70ba\u79c1\u8b1b\u5e2b\u6709\u6240\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u6b64\u8655\u662f\u5927\u5b78\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6fa1\u5802\u300d\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u8afe\u7279\u7121\u6cd5\u53d6\u5f97\u79c1\u8b1b\u5e2b\u7684\u982d\u929c\uff0c1915-1919\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u8afe\u7279\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u5e0c\u723e\u4f2f\u7279\u639b\u540d\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ee5\u52a9\u6559\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u6388\u8ab2\uff0c\u4f46\u8afe\u7279\u5728\u9019\u8271\u56f0\u7684\u671f\u9593\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e0d\u8b8a\u91cf\u5b9a\u7406\u8ddf\u8afe\u7279\u5b9a\u7406\u7684\u96db\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f4\u52301919\u5e74\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4e00\u6230\u5f8c\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u5927\u91cf\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u6c1b\u570d\u4e15\u8b8a\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u6b0a\u958b\u59cb\u88ab\u7576\u6642\u7684\u793e\u6703\u91cd\u8996\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u64c1\u6709\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\u3002\u8afe\u7279\u5728\u5b78\u8853\u4e0a\u7121\u53ef\u8cea\u7591\u7684\u512a\u7570\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u7d42\u65bc\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u79c1\u8b1b\u5e2b\u7684\u8eab\u5206\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u958b\u8ab2\uff08\u95dc\u65bc\u8afe\u7279\u4e0a\u8ab2\u8868\u73fe\u53ca\u6559\u5b78\u8a55\u8ad6\u8acb\u53c3\u8003[6]\uff09\u3002\u8afe\u7279\u57281921\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u300c\u5177\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u300d\u8ad6\u6587\u300a\u74b0\u4e2d\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u8ad6(Idealtheorie in Ringbereichen)\u300b\uff0c\u4e26\u6191\u8457\u6b64\u8ad6\u6587\u57281922\u5e74\u5347\u7b49\u6210\u7684\u526f\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u8eab\u70ba\u300c\u526f\u6559\u6388\u300d\uff0c\u537b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u6c92\u6709\u7d42\u8eab\u8077\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u85aa\u6c34\u300d\u7684\u8077\u4f4d\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u9760\u8457\u7576\u6642\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u7406\u67e5\u00b7\u79d1\u6717\u7279(Richard Courant)\u6975\u529b\u70ba\u5979\u722d\u53d6\u300c\u59d4\u4efb\u6559\u5b78\u300d(Lehrauftrag\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u8907\u5be9)\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5fae\u8584\u85aa\u6c34\u53ca\u7236\u89aa\u7684\u907a\u7522\u904e\u6d3b\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u662f\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u3001\u548c\u5e73\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u540c\u6642\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u662f\u5973\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u70ba\u8afe\u7279\u8eab\u70ba\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5f85\u9047\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\uff0c\u5979\u5728\u4efb\u5fb7\u570b\u6578\u5b78\u5e74\u520a(Mathematische Annalen)\u7de8\u8f2f\u671f\u9593\u4e26\u4e0d\u5177\u5099\u8077\u929c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5979\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7d55\u4f73\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u671f\u520a\u7de8\u8f2f\u3002\u7d42\u5176\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u5c31\u5099\u53d7\u7576\u4ee3\u773e\u591a\u5b78\u8005\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u5979\u9084\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u5728\u5fb7\u570b\u5347\u7b49\u6210\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u6210\u70ba\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8afe\u72791932\u5e74\u5728\u570b\u969b\u6578\u5b78\u5927\u6703(International Congress of Mathematicians)\u4e0a\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u9577\u9054\u4e00\u5c0f\u6642\u7684\u5168\u6703\u6f14\u8b1b\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u7576\u4ee3\u4ee3\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u65bc\u6703\u5834\u795d\u8cc0\u597950\u6b72\u751f\u65e5\u3002\u9019\u5e74\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u5979\u5b78\u8853\u751f\u6daf\u7684\u9ad8\u5cf0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1933\u5e74\uff0c\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u53ca\u7d0d\u7cb9\u9818\u5c0e\u4e86\u5fb7\u570b\u3002\u96c5\u5229\u5b89(aryan)\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u4f86\u81ea\u5b78\u751f\u53ca\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u4f7f\u5f97\u8afe\u7279\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u88ab\u8feb\u55aa\u5931\u6388\u6559\u6b0a\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u5c40\u52e2\u4e0d\u65b7\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u8afe\u7279\u88ab\u8feb\u96e2\u958b\u5fb7\u570b\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5927\u91cf\u6d41\u4ea1\u6559\u6388\u53ca\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0d\u666f\u6c23\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u53cb\u4eba\u5230\u8655\u70ba\u5979\u5954\u8d70\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5979\u53ea\u7372\u5f97\u7f8e\u570b\u5e03\u6797\u83ab\u723e\u5973\u5b50\u5b78\u9662(Bryn Mawr College)\u53ca\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b78\u85a9\u9ed8\u7dad\u723e\u5973\u5b50\u5b78\u9662(Somerville College, Oxford)\u7684\u6559\u8077\u9080\u8acb\u3002\u8afe\u7279\u9078\u64c7\u53bb\u7f8e\u570b\u3002\u5979\u5728\u5e03\u6797\u83ab\u723e\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u71b1\u70c8\u7684\u6b61\u8fce\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u5973\u6027\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u76f8\u8655\u8b93\u5979\u89ba\u5f97\u65b0\u5947\u7684\u7f8e\u597d\uff0c\u8207\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9032\u5c55\u6d41\u66a2\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u6bcf\u661f\u671f\u53bb\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813(Princeton)\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u4e00\u5802\u8ab2(\u8a3b\u4e03)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u666f\u4e0d\u5e38\uff0c\u8afe\u7279\u65bc18\u500b\u6708\u5f8c\u6b7b\u65bc\u5b50\u5bae\u9838\u7624\u624b\u8853\u5f8c\u7684\u8840\u6813\uff0c\u4eab\u5e7453\u6b72\u3002\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5728\u5979\u7684\u60bc\u8a5e\uff1c\u796d\u57c3\u7c73\u8afe\u7279 (The Late Emmy Noether)\uff1e\u88e1\u5beb\u5230\uff1a\u300c\u81ea\u5973\u6027\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u958b\u59cb\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5728\u8a55\u8ad6\u6700\u512a\u79c0\u7684\u7576\u4ee3\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u6642\uff0c\u8afe\u7279\u5973\u58eb\u662f\u6700\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u7565\u4e14\u5bcc\u6709\u5275\u9020\u529b\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5929\u624d\u3002(\u610f\u8b6f\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u898b\u8a3b\u516b)\u300d\uff0c\u8b9a\u7f8e\u5979\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff1a\u300c\u4ee3\u6578\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4f7f\u5f97\u7121\u6578\u6700\u6709\u5929\u8ce6\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u5fd9\u788c\u4e86\u5e7e\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u6240\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c0d\u7576\u4ee3\u5e74\u8f15\u4e00\u4ee3\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u9020\u6210\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e00\uff1a\u201cIn the realm of algebra, in which the most gifted mathematicians have been busy for centuries, she discovered methods which have proved of enormous importance in the development of the present-day younger generation of mathematicians. Pure mathematics is, in its way, the poetry of logical ideas. One seeks the most general ideas of operation which will bring together in simple, logical and unified form the largest possible circle of formal relationships. In this effort toward logical beauty spiritual formulae are discovered necessary for the deeper penetration into the laws of nature. \u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e8c\uff1a\u7c21\u55ae\u4ecb\u7d39\u5c0d\u7a31\u8207\u7269\u7406\u5b88\u6046\u5f8b\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u8aaa\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u6642\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5148\u5617\u8a66\u627e\u5230\u9019\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u7e3d\u80fd\u91cf\u96a8\u7cfb\u7d71\u5167\u5404\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u52d5\u91cf\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6642\u9593\u5982\u4f55\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e26\u5beb\u6210\u6578\u5b78\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u7a31\u4f5c\u54c8\u5bc6\u9813\u91cf(Hamiltonian)\uff0c\u5beb\u4f5c H = H ( p, q, t)\u3002\u65e9\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u6642\uff0c\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u82e5\u67d0\u500b\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u54c8\u5bc6\u9813\u91cf\u5728\u52d5\u91cf p \u53ca\u4f4d\u7f6e q \u56fa\u5b9a\u6642\uff0c\u5176\u51fd\u6578\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u4ea6\u4e0d\u96a8\u6642\u9593 t \u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u5247\u9019\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u5167\u6240\u6709\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6046\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u4e0d\u96a8\u6642\u9593 t \u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u7a31\u4f5c\u6642\u9593\u9023\u7e8c\u5c0d\u7a31\u6027\uff1b\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u82e5\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u5177\u6709\u6642\u9593\u9023\u7e8c\u5c0d\u7a31\u6027\uff0c\u5247\u6b64\u7cfb\u7d71\u80fd\u91cf\u5fc5\u5b9a\u5b88\u6046\u3002\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u9084\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7a7a\u9593\u9023\u7e8c\u5c0d\u7a31\u6027\u4ee3\u8868\u52d5\u91cf\u5b88\u6046\uff0c\u89d2\u5ea6\u9023\u7e8c\u5c0d\u7a31\u6027\u4ee3\u8868\u89d2\u52d5\u91cf\u5b88\u6046\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8afe\u7279\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u5ee3\u9019\u4e9b\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5c07\u5b83\u8b8a\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u901a\u7528\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5b9a\u7406\uff0c\u88ab\u7a31\u4f5c\u300c<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u8bfa\u7279\u5b9a\u7406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u8afe\u7279\u5b9a\u7406<\/a>(Noether's theorem)\u300d\u3002\u4ea6\u5373\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u5167\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7a2e\u6578\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u5c0d\u7a31\u6027\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u5b9a\u5c0d\u61c9\u5230\u4e00\u7a2e\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u5b88\u6046\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e09\uff1a\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u81ea\u5361\u723e\u00b7\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u00b7\u9ad8\u65af(Johann Karl Friedrich Gau\u00df, \u82f1\u6587 Gauss)\u4efb\u6559\u5f8c\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8c\u6230\u7d50\u675f\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u6578\u5b78\u53ca\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u52dd\u5730\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7576\u4ee3\u6578\u5b78\u53ca\u79d1\u5b78\u8b5c\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7686\u53ef\u9023\u81f3\u9ad8\u65af\u505a\u8d77\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u56db\uff1a\u5728\u7576\u6642\uff0c\u5b78\u6821\u6703\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-tw\/\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u5b78\u4f4d\u69ae\u8b7d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u5b78\u4f4d\u69ae\u8b7d<\/a>\u4f86\u734e\u52f5\u7279\u5225\u512a\u7570\u7684\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u5171\u5206\u6210Summa Cum Laude - \u6700\u512a\u7b49(\u7d04\u5728\u5168\u73ed\u524d5%)\uff0c Magna Cum Laude - \u6975\u512a\u7b49(\u7d04\u5728\u5168\u73ed\u524d10%)\uff0c Cum Laude - \u512a\u7b49(\u7d04\u5728\u5168\u73ed\u524d25%)\u3002\u8afe\u7279\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u5b78\u4f4d\u662fSumma cum laude\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e94\uff1a\u79c1\u8b1b\u5e2b\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Privatdozent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Privatdozent<\/a>\uff08\u7537\u58eb\uff09\u53caPrivatdozentin\uff08\u5973\u58eb\uff09\uff09\u662f\u5fb7\u8a9e\u7cfb\u570b\u5bb6\u5167\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5927\u5b78\u8077\u4f4d\uff0c\u4efb\u6559\u65bc\u5927\u5b78\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u7372\u5f97\u5e95\u85aa\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u5b78\u8cbb\u3002\u79c1\u8b1b\u5e2b\u5927\u591a\u6559\u6388\u65bc\u5927\u73ed\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u526f\u6559\u6388\u4ee5\u4e0a\u91dd\u5c0d\u5c11\u6578\u7684\u512a\u7570\u5b78\u751f\u3002\u79c1\u8b1b\u5e2b\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u526f\u6559\u6388\u9810\u5099\u5f79\uff0c\u5177\u7d42\u8eab\u8077\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4e0d\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u8afe\u7279\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u516d\uff1a\u8afe\u7279\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u5b78\u751f\u7a7f\u8457\u7d0d\u7cb9\u885d\u92d2\u968a(Sturmabteilung\uff0cSA)\u7684\u5236\u670d\u4f86\u4e0a\u8ab2\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u9084\u6709\u7d0d\u7cb9\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684\u5ba3\u50b3\u90e8\u4e3b\u4efb<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u7d04\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u6208\u57f9\u723e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u7d04\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u6208\u57f9\u723e<\/a>(Paul Joseph Goebbels)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e03\uff1a\u8afe\u7279\u66fe\u8aaa\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u662f\u500b\u300c\u7537\u4eba\u7684\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u5973\u4eba\u7121\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u8a8d\u540c\u300d(men's university, where nothing female is admitted)[3]<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u516b\uff1a\u201cIn the judgment of the most competent living mathematicians, Fraulein (\u5fb7\u6587\u7684\u300c\u5973\u58eb\u300d) Noether was the most significant mathematical genius thus far produced since the higher education of women began.\u201d<br \/>\n<strong>\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong><br \/>\n[1]A. Einstein, \"The Late Emmy Noether,\" The New York Time, p.12, May 4th 1935.<br \/>\n[2]N. Angier, \u201cThe Mighty Mathematician You\u2019ve Never Heard Of, \u201d The New York Time, March 26, 2012.<br \/>\n[3]<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emmy_Noether\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Emmy Noether<\/a><br \/>\n[4]<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galois_theory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Galois theory<\/a><br \/>\n[5]<a href=\"http:\/\/210.243.8.14\/%E5%81%89%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E6%95%B8%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6\/Document%20Library\/%E8%AB%BE%E7%89%B91882--1935.HTML\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u62bd\u8c61\u4ee3\u6578\u4e4b\u6bcd\u2014\u8afe\u7279<\/a><br \/>\n[6]\u984f\u4e00\u6e05\uff0cEmmy Noether\u7684\u4e00\u751f\uff08pdf\u683c\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u6578\u5b78\u50b3\u64ad\u300b\u7b2c21\u5377\u7b2c4\u671f<br \/>\n[7]<a href=\"https:\/\/www.agnesscott.edu\/lriddle\/women\/noether.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Emmy Noether<\/a><br \/>\n[8]M. Cavna, \u201cEmmy Noether Google Doodle: Why Einstein called her a \u2018creative mathematical genius\u2019\u201d The Washington Post, March 23, 2015<br \/>\n[9]Alexandrov, P. S. \"In memory of Emmy Noether.\" In Emmy Noether 1882\u20131935, pp. 153-179. Birkh\u00e4user Boston, 1981.<br \/>\n[10]<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sdsc.edu\/ScienceWomen\/noether.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Emmy Noether<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u57c3\u7c73\u00b7\u8afe\u7279 (Emmy Noether, 1882-1935)\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u5728\u5169\u500b\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u62bd\u8c61\u4ee3\u6578\u548c\u7406\u8ad6\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u3002<br \/>\n\u5979\u7814\u7a76\u62bd\u8c61\u4ee3\u6578\uff0c\u5982\u5fae\u5206\u4e0d\u8b8a\u91cf\u7406\u8ad6\u53ca\u4f3d\u7f85\u74e6\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5c07\u4e0d\u540c\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u73fe\u8c61\u62bd\u53d6\u51fa\u4f86\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u53ca\u516c\u7406\u5316\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u7528\u4ee3\u6578\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u7406\u8ad6\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\uff0c\u5979\u63a8\u5c0e\u51fa\u4e86\u8afe\u7279\u5b9a\u7406\u3002\u6839\u64da\u5979\u7684\u5b9a\u7406\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u6709\u5c0d\u7a31\u6027\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u5177\u6709\u5b88\u6046\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u3002\u8afe\u7279\u518d\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u5c0e\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u901a\u7528\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5b9a\u7406\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u5167\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7a2e\u6578\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u5c0d\u7a31\u6027\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u5b9a\u5c0d\u61c9\u5230\u4e00\u7a2e\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u5b88\u6046\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3002\u8afe\u7279\u5b9a\u7406\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\u8b93\u5b83\u5728\u53e4\u5178\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5167\u5a01\u529b\u7121\u7aae\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\u76f8\u5ab2\u7f8e\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":27256,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,1042,2977],"tags":[3247,3022,3246,3283,3248,656],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Noether2.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27254"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27254"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27254\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31712,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27254\/revisions\/31712"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/27256"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27254"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27254"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27254"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}