{"id":27158,"date":"2017-02-16T00:51:26","date_gmt":"2017-02-15T16:51:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=27158"},"modified":"2018-07-29T00:41:05","modified_gmt":"2018-07-28T16:41:05","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%a4%a7%e5%ae%87%e5%ae%99%e5%b0%8f%e6%95%85%e4%ba%8b%e3%80%9108-%e5%a5%b3%e7%8e%8b%e8%88%87%e6%95%99%e7%9a%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=27158","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5927\u5b87\u5b99\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\u301108 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Mercator, 1512-1594)\u90fd\u9084\u5805\u4fe1\u9019\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\uff1b\u5728\u4ed6\u6240\u7e6a\u88fd\u7684\u5730\u5716\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u627e\u5230\u9019\u5ea7\u9ed1\u8272\u7684\u78c1\u5c71\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_27159\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27159\" style=\"width: 564px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-27159\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/08-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"564\" height=\"477\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27159\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u9ea5\u5361\u6258\u6191\u60f3\u50cf\u7e6a\u88fd\u7684\u5317\u6975\u5730\u5716(\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u4e94\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u5306\u5306\u904e\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u9023\u5c0f\u5b78\u751f\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u5730\u7403\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u500b\u5927\u78c1\u9435\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u78c1\u6975\u4f4d\u65bc\u5357\u5317\u6975\u9644\u8fd1\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e8b\u5be6\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4f55\u6642\u3001\u4f55\u5730\u3001\u4f55\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u767c\u73fe\u7684\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u5b8c\u6574\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u4eba\u6050\u6015\u4e0d\u591a\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u25cf\u4f0a\u8389\u838e\u767d\u5973\u738b\u7684\u5fa1\u91ab<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_27160\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27160\" style=\"width: 226px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27160\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/08-2.jpg\" width=\"226\" height=\"300\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27160\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5409\u4f2f\u7279\u50cf(\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u8a71\u8aaa\u516c\u51431600\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u683c\u862d\u5973\u738b\u4f0a\u8389\u838e\u767d\u4e00\u4e16(1533-1603)\u5df2\u81f3\u66ae\u5e74\uff0c\u56de\u9867\u9019\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u5979\u4e0d\u7981\u611f\u5230\u5fd7\u5f97\u610f\u6eff\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5973\u738b\u5728\u4f4d\u9577\u9054\u56db\u5341\u56db\u5e74\uff0c\u958b\u5275\u4e86\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u300c\u9ec3\u91d1\u6642\u4ee3\u300d\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u3001\u8ecd\u4e8b\u4e0a\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0a\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u4e0a\u3001\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u5f8c\u8d77\u4e4b\u79c0\u90fd\u6709\u7a7a\u524d\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u5b78\u4e0a\u4e5f\u4e26\u672a\u4ea4\u767d\u5377\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u300a\u8ad6\u78c1\u77f3\u300b\u9019\u672c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u96fb\u78c1\u5b78\u8457\u4f5c\u5728\u502b\u6566\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u5973\u738b\u5373\u5c07\u4efb\u547d\u7684\u5fa1\u91ab\u5409\u4f2f\u7279(William Gilbert, 1544-1603)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u7576\u6642\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u6163\u4f8b\uff0c\u300a\u8ad6\u78c1\u77f3\u300b\u5168\u66f8\u4ee5\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u5beb\u6210\uff0c\u66f8\u540d\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916(De Magnete)\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u500b\u66f8\u540d\u53ea\u662f\u7c21\u7a31\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u66f8\u540d\u662f\u300a\u8ad6\u78c1\u77f3\u8207\u78c1\u6027\u7269\u9ad4\uff0c\u517c\u8ad6\u5730\u7403\u9019\u500b\u5de8\u578b\u78c1\u77f3\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u5197\u9577\u7684\u66f8\u540d\u5f88\u6709\u5275\u610f\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u52fe\u8d77\u8b80\u8005\u7684\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\uff0c\u537b\u4e00\u9ede\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u900f\u9732\u300c\u5730\u7403\u662f\u5de8\u578b\u78c1\u77f3\u300d\u9019\u500b\u7d50\u8ad6\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u4f86\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u516c\u4f48\u7b54\u6848\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5148\u505a\u500b\u80cc\u666f\u56de\u9867\uff1a\u6b50\u6d32\u5f9e\u5341\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u8d77\u9032\u5165\u6d77\u6b0a\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u96d6\u7136\u8d77\u6b65\u7a0d\u665a\uff0c\u4f46\u7dca\u8ddf\u5728\u8461\u8404\u7259\u548c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5f8c\u9762\u6025\u8d77\u76f4\u8ffd\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5c0f\u89b7\u3002\u800c\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u822a\u6d77\u6d3b\u52d5\u76db\u884c\u7684\u6642\u7a7a\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u91ab\u751f\u51fa\u8eab\u7684\u5409\u4f2f\u7279\u5c0d\u5730\u78c1\u73fe\u8c61\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u611f\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u6f5b\u5fc3\u7814\u7a76\u5341\u8f09\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u8070\u660e\u7684\u4ed6\u4fbf\u6210\u70ba\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u4eba\u58eb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u25cf\u5283\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u6a21\u64ec\u5be6\u9a57<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u70ba\u4e86\u8b49\u660e\u300c\u5730\u7403\u662f\u5de8\u578b\u78c1\u77f3\u300d\u9019\u500b\u5927\u81bd\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u5409\u4f2f\u7279\u81ea\u5275\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5283\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7528\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u6a21\u64ec\u5be6\u9a57\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u7528\u78c1\u77f3\u88fd\u4f5c\u4e00\u500b\u5730\u7403\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5c07\u78c1\u6975\u8a02\u70ba\u5357\u5317\u6975\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5229\u7528\u7279\u88fd\u7684\u6307\u5357\u91dd\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6a21\u578b\u9644\u8fd1\u4f86\u56de\u904a\u8d70\uff0c\u4ed4\u7d30\u6e2c\u91cf\u5404\u9ede\u7684\u6578\u64da(\u6307\u5357\u91dd\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4ee5\u53ca\u300c\u78c1\u50be\u89d2\u300d)\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u9019\u500b\u6a21\u64ec\u5be6\u9a57\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6578\u64da\u548c\u7576\u6642\u822a\u6d77\u5bb6\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u6240\u505a\u7684\u6e2c\u91cf\u4e00\u4e00\u6bd4\u5c0d\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u5169\u8005\u76f8\u7576\u543b\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5409\u4f2f\u7279\u662f\u85c9\u8457\u6a21\u64ec\u5be6\u9a57\u914d\u5408\u5be6\u5730\u89c0\u6e2c\uff0c\u5c0e\u51fa\u9019\u500b\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81f3\u65bc\u300c\u78c1\u50be\u89d2\u300d\u70ba\u4f55\u662f\u9435\u8b49\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u7528\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8aaa\u660e\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u82e5\u5c07\u6307\u5357\u91dd\u6bd4\u55bb\u70ba\u5929\u5e73\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u4f4d\u65bc\u8d64\u9053\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u9019\u500b\u5929\u5e73\u4e00\u5b9a\u6b6a\u5411\u4e00\u908a\uff0c\u800c\u6b6a\u659c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5c31\u662f\u78c1\u50be\u89d2\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u7def\u5ea6\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u78c1\u5c71\u7406\u8ad6\u5b8c\u5168\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u91cb\u78c1\u50be\u89d2\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u5357\u5317\u6975\u5404\u653e\u4e00\u5ea7\u78c1\u5c71\u4e5f\u4e0d\u884c\u3002\u552f\u6709\u5c07\u6574\u500b\u5730\u7403\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u5927\u584a\u78c1\u77f3\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8b93\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u89c0\u6e2c\u7d50\u679c\u4e92\u76f8\u543b\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_27161\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27161\" style=\"width: 405px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-27161\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/08-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"405\" height=\"345\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27161\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u300a\u8ad6\u78c1\u77f3\u300b\u63d2\u5716\uff1a\u78c1\u50be\u89d2\u6a21\u64ec\u5be6\u9a57(\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aInternet Archive)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u81f3\u65bc\u6c88\u62ec\u66f8\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u78c1\u504f\u89d2\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u56e0\u662f\u78c1\u5357\u5317\u6975\u548c\u5730\u7406\u5357\u5317\u6975\u4e26\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5409\u4f2f\u7279\u96d6\u7136\u719f\u6089\u78c1\u504f\u89d2\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u537b\u932f\u5c07\u78c1\u5357\u5317\u6975\u7576\u4f5c\u5730\u7406\u5357\u5317\u6975\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5728\u66f8\u4e2d\u5c0d\u78c1\u504f\u89d2\u505a\u4e86\u932f\u8aa4\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u5c31\u4e0d\u591a\u505a\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u25cf\u4e0d\u53ea\u78c1\u5b78\u800c\u5df2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u8ad6\u78c1\u77f3\u300b\u5168\u66f8\u5171\u6709\u516d\u5377\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u78c1\u5b78\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u505a\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u63a2\u8a0e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8b1b\u8ff0\u300c\u975c\u96fb\u5b78\u300d\u7684\u7bc7\u5e45\u5c31\u4e0d\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u4eba\u5df2\u7d93\u767c\u73fe\u6469\u64e6\u751f(\u975c)\u96fb\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u2500\u2500\u88ab\u6bdb\u76ae\u6469\u64e6\u904e\u7684\u7425\u73c0\u5177\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u788e\u5c51\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u2500\u2500\u537b\u5f9e\u4f86\u6c92\u6709\u7d66\u5b83\u53d6\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u5fc5\u4e5f\u6b63\u540d\u4e4e\uff0c\u5409\u4f2f\u7279\u5f9e\u5e0c\u81d8\u6587\u7684\u7425\u73c0(elektron)\u5275\u9020\u4e86\u300c\u96fb\u300d\u7684\u62c9\u4e01\u6587(electricitas)\uff0c\u4e0d\u591a\u4e45\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u8f49\u6210\u4e86\u82f1\u6587(electricity)\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6b50\u6d32\u8a9e\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u6aa2\u9a57\u7269\u9ad4\u662f\u5426\u5e36\u6709\u975c\u96fb\uff0c\u5409\u4f2f\u7279\u767c\u660e\u4e86\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u9a57\u96fb\u5668\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u53ef\u7c21\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u96fb\u6a19\u300d\u7684\u5100\u5668\u4e26\u4e0d\u8d77\u773c\u537b\u76f8\u7576\u5be6\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_27162\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27162\" style=\"width: 260px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27162\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/08-4.png\" width=\"260\" height=\"111\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27162\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u300a\u8ad6\u78c1\u77f3\u300b\u63d2\u5716\uff1a\u96fb\u6a19(\u5716\u50cf\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aInternet Archive)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u5fc5\u9808\u5f37\u8abf\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u300a\u8ad6\u78c1\u77f3\u300b\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u78c1\u5b78\u4e0a\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u96fb\u5b78\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5409\u4f2f\u7279\u537b\u505a\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u4ee4\u4eba\u907a\u61be\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff1a\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u96fb\u300d\u8207\u300c\u78c1\u300d\u96d6\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u8655(\u4f8b\u5982\u90fd\u6709\u9694\u7a7a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u529b)\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u537b\u6709\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6df7\u70ba\u4e00\u8ac7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u65bc\u300a\u8ad6\u78c1\u77f3\u300b\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u6b0a\u5a01\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u534a\u4e16\u7d00\u5f8c\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u65b0\u8b49\u64da\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u6562\u65bc\u6311\u6230\u9019\u500b\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u8ad6\u65b7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u25cf\u6488\u904e\u754c\u7684\u7b2c\u516d\u5377<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u65bc\u5c0d\u78c1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u5409\u4f2f\u7279\u4e58\u52dd\u8ffd\u64ca\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u8ad6\u78c1\u77f3\u300b\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u5377\uff0c\u5c07\u5730\u78c1\u7406\u8ad6\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u9818\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u672c\u5377\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\uff0c\u4ed6\u8072\u7a31\u5730\u7403\u7684\u81ea\u8f49\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u5730\u78c1\u63a8\u52d5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u81ea\u8f49\u8ef8\u548c\u78c1\u5357\u5317\u6975\u300c\u525b\u597d\u300d\u91cd\u758a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>(\u50cf\u4e0d\u50cf\u628a\u5730\u7403\u770b\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5929\u6587\u7d1a\u7684\u99ac\u9054\uff1f)<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4eca\u8ab0\u90fd\u80fd\u4e00\u773c\u770b\u51fa\u9019\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u5927\u932f\u7279\u932f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u5c0d\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u4ee5\u53ca\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u7d55\u5c0d\u8d85\u51fa\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f71\u97ff\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u6fc0\u767c\u4e86\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\u514b\u535c\u52d2\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\uff0c\u5e7e\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u514b\u535c\u52d2\u4fbf\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u300c\u842c\u6709\u78c1\u529b\u300d\u5b78\u8aaa\uff0c\u7528\u78c1\u529b\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u884c\u661f\u7e5e\u65e5\u7684\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u9019\u6b63\u662f1609\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u65b0\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u300b\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f71\u97ff\u4e4b\u4e8c\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3b\u5c0e\u4e86\u5176\u5f8c\u534a\u500b\u591a\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u91cd\u529b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4e00\u516d\u516d\u96f6\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u7687\u5bb6\u5b78\u6703\u7684\u6210\u54e1(\u4ee5\u80e1\u514b\u70ba\u4ee3\u8868)\u5927\u81f4\u90fd\u9084\u76f8\u4fe1\u91cd\u529b\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u78c1\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f71\u97ff\u4e4b\u4e09\uff0c\u725b\u9813\u65bc\u4e00\u516d\u516b\u96f6\u5e74\u4ee3\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u842c\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u9aa8\u5b50\u88e1\u4e5f\u6709\u78c1\u529b\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u5927\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u8d85\u8ddd\u529b\u300d\u2500\u2500\u96d6\u7136\u96fb\u548c\u78c1\u90fd\u5c6c\u65bc\u8d85\u8ddd\u529b\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u9694\u7a7a\u7684\u5438\u529b\u6216\u65a5\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u6469\u64e6\u751f\u96fb\u53ea\u662f\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u628a\u6232\uff0c\u552f\u6709\u78c1\u529b\u80fd\u5920\u9054\u5230\u884c\u661f\u7d1a\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5f9e\u5409\u4f2f\u7279(\u7d93\u7531\u514b\u535c\u52d2\u4ee5\u53ca\u80e1\u514b)\u5230\u725b\u9813\uff0c\u5176\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u4e00\u689d\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8108\u7d61\uff0c\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u4e00\u8108\u76f8\u627f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u70ba\u904e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u82e5\u8acb\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u5bb6\u7968\u9078\u842c\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u7956\u5e2b\u723a\uff0c\u5409\u4f2f\u7279\u60f3\u5fc5\u80fd\u9ad8\u7968\u7576\u9078\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u25cf\u5929\u9ad8\u6559\u7687\u9060<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8eab\u70ba\u54e5\u767d\u5c3c\u7684\u5fe0\u5be6\u4fe1\u5f92\uff0c\u5409\u4f2f\u7279\u5728\u300a\u8ad6\u78c1\u77f3\u300b\u7684\u7b2c\u516d\u5377\u8a73\u7d30\u95e1\u8ff0\u4e86\u5730\u7403\u81ea\u8f49\u7684\u81ea\u5bb6\u7406\u8ad6(\u516c\u8f49\u90e8\u5206\u7531\u65bc\u8b49\u64da\u4e0d\u8db3\u800c\u6709\u6240\u4fdd\u7559)\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u5341\u8db3\u7684\u706b\u529b\u5c0d\u300c\u5730\u975c\u8aaa\u300d\u9032\u884c\u6beb\u4e0d\u7559\u60c5\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8acb\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u51fa\u7248\u65bc\u516c\u51431600\u5e74\uff0c\u8ddd\u96e2\u5e03\u9b6f\u8afe\u88ab\u6d3b\u6d3b\u71d2\u6b7b\u9802\u591a\u5e7e\u500b\u6708\u3002\u800c\u5728\u5341\u516d\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u9084\u56e0\u70ba\u4e3b\u5f35\u5730\u7403\u4e26\u975e\u975c\u6b62\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u8feb\u5bb3\uff0c\u81f3\u6b7b\u672a\u80fd\u7372\u5f97\u5e73\u53cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u843d\u5dee\u5be6\u5728\u592a\u5927\u4e86\uff01\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5409\u4f2f\u7279\u4e0d\u5fc5\u9867\u616e\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u5ef7\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u64d4\u5fc3\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5b97\u6559\u5be9\u5224\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u8a31\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u82f1\u570b\u8ddd\u96e2\u7f85\u99ac\u592a\u9060\uff0c\u6559\u5ef7\u7684\u52e2\u529b\u97ad\u9577\u83ab\u53ca\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u78c1\u529b\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u8ddd\u96e2\u8870\u6e1b\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7b54\u6848\u53ea\u80fd\u52c9\u5f37\u53ca\u683c\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u62ff\u9ad8\u5206\uff0c\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5f9e\u4f0a\u8389\u838e\u767d\u4e00\u4e16\u8ac7\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c31\u5728\u5973\u738b\u51fa\u751f\u90a3\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u7236\u4ea8\u5229\u516b\u4e16\u4ee5\u570b\u738b\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u5ef7\u516c\u958b\u6c7a\u88c2\u3002\u7528\u6b77\u53f2\u540d\u8a5e\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ea8\u5229\u516b\u4e16\u642d\u4e0a\u300c\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u300d\u7684\u4fbf\u8eca\uff0c\u81ea\u7acb\u9580\u6236\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u300c\u82f1\u570b\u570b\u6559\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u6240\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u65b0\u8208\u6559\u6d3e\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u6578\u82f1\u570b\u570b\u6559\u5c0d\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u6700\u958b\u660e\u3002\u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u99ac\u4e01\u2027\u8def\u5fb7\u958b\u5275\u7684\u300c\u8def\u5fb7\u5b97\u300d\u5c31\u6bd4\u8f03\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e00\u9ede(\u6240\u4ee5\u514b\u535c\u52d2\u4e5f\u53d7\u904e\u4e00\u9ede\u8feb\u5bb3\uff0c\u4f46\u6bd4\u8d77\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u53c8\u5e78\u904b\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u518d\u8a73\u8ff0\u5427)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u5f8c\u4f86\u82f1\u570b\u570b\u5167\u7684\u820a\u6559\u52e2\u529b\u518d\u5ea6\u62ac\u982d\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u65bc\u4f0a\u8389\u838e\u767d\u4e00\u4e16\u662f\u5805\u8c9e\u7684\u65b0\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u5728\u5979\u767b\u57fa\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u820a\u6559\u52e2\u529b\u5f88\u5feb\u4fbf\u5f0f\u5fae\uff0c\u65b0\u6559\u5f9e\u6b64\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u53d6\u5f97\u4e3b\u5c0e\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u5409\u4f2f\u7279\u6216\u662f\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u5f8c\u7684\u80e1\u514b\u3001\u725b\u9813\u8207\u54c8\u96f7\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u6beb\u7121\u9867\u5fcc\u5730\u63a2\u8a0e\u592a\u967d\u7cfb\u7684\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u5ef7\u5c0d\u82f1\u570b\u6beb\u7121\u7d04\u675f\u529b\u2500\u2500\u6b63\u5982\u540c\u78c1\u9435\u53ea\u80fd\u5438\u5f15\u78c1\u6027\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u91d1\u9280\u9285\u932b\u5247\u7121\u80fd\u70ba\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6307\u5357\u91dd\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\u56db\u5927\u767c\u660e\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4f46\u4e2d\u570b\u5b78\u8005\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e26\u4e0d\u95dc\u5fc3\u5b83\u70ba\u4f55\u6703\u6307\u5357\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300a\u5922\u6eaa\u7b46\u8ac7\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u6c88\u62ec(1031-1095)\u96d6\u7136\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u597d\u5e7e\u7a2e\u6307\u5357\u91dd\u7684\u88fd\u4f5c\u6cd5\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u63d0\u5230\u300c\u78c1\u504f\u89d2\u300d(\u7136\u5e38\u5fae\u504f\u6771\uff0c\u4e0d\u5168\u5357\u4e5f)\uff0c\u537b\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u63a2\u8a0e\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3002<br \/>\n\u53cd\u5012\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5f88\u65e9\u4fbf\u51fa\u73fe\u9817\u5177\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5317\u6975\u9644\u8fd1\u6709\u4e00\u5ea7\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u78c1\u5c71\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5730\u5716\u5927\u5e2b\u9ea5\u5361\u6258(Gerardus Mercator, 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