{"id":27023,"date":"2017-02-15T00:48:57","date_gmt":"2017-02-14T16:48:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=27023"},"modified":"2023-06-06T14:22:19","modified_gmt":"2023-06-06T06:22:19","slug":"%e7%a0%b4%e8%a7%a3%e9%9c%8d%e4%ba%82%e4%b9%8b%e8%ac%8e%ef%bc%9a%e5%8d%81%e4%b9%9d%e4%b8%96%e7%b4%80%e7%9a%84%e5%82%b3%e6%9f%93%e7%97%85%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=27023","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u6c99\u9f8d\u3011\u7834\u89e3\u970d\u4e82\u4e4b\u8b0e\uff1a\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\u7814\u7a76"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/F5oYCUQYbkI?list=PLil-R4o6jmGg5orDjrjsgF7AjaeAqVamP\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u25a0\u970d\u4e82\u81ea 1817 \u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u8cbf\u6613\u8def\u7dda\u50b3\u64ad\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4eba\u5fc3\u6050\u614c\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u52d5\u76ea\u3002\u4ee5\u970d\u4e82\u7814\u7a76\u7559\u540d\u9752\u53f2\u7684\u65af\u8afe\uff0c\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u986f\u793a\u75be\u75c5\u5730\u7406\u5b78\u8207\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b78\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u8207\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u5370\u8b49\u79d1\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u722d\u8b70\uff0c\u5f88\u96e3\u7d93\u904e\u4e00\u6b21\u7cbe\u5f69\u7684\u8ad6\u8b49\u5c31\u5875\u57c3\u843d\u5b9a\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7d93\u904e\u76f8\u7576\u904e\u7a0b\u8207\u5927\u91cf\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u9020\u5c31\u65b0\u7684\u5b78\u8aaa\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8b1b\u8005\uff5c<\/strong>\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u6b77\u53f2\u8a9e\u8a00\u7814\u7a76\u6240 \u674e\u5c1a\u4ec1\u7814\u7a76\u54e1<br \/>\n<strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u9ad8\u82f1\u54f2<\/p>\n<p>\u970d\u4e82 (cholera) \u7684\u540d\u7a31\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u53e4\u5178\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u6025\u6027\u8178\u80c3\u75c5 (cholera morbus) \uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u90fd\u6709\u4e0a\u5410\u4e0b\u7009\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u5169\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u75c5\u75c7\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u970d\u4e82\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u9020\u6210\u91cd\u5927\u75ab\u60c5\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u754c\u8a8d\u70ba\u970d\u4e82\u539f\u672c\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u98a8\u571f\u75c5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u6d3b\u52d5\u88ab\u5e36\u5230\u6b50\u6d32\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c07\u539f\u672c\u7684\u6025\u6027\u8178\u80c3\u75c5\u7a31\u70ba\u672c\u571f\u970d\u4e82 (cholera nostra) \uff0c\u628a\u9020\u6210\u75ab\u60c5\u7684\u65b0\u970d\u4e82\u7a31\u70ba\u4e9e\u6d32\u970d\u4e82 (Asiatic cholera) \u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5f8c\u4f86\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u6d3e\u5b78\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u970d\u4e82\u5f27\u83cc\u672c\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\uff0c\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u9020\u6210\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u67d0\u7a2e\u6bd2\u6027\u7279\u5225\u5f37\u7684\u83cc\u682a\uff0c\u5f9e\u5370\u5ea6\u88ab\u5e36\u5230\u6b50\u6d32\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u7576\u6642\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u754c\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u7a2e\u65b0\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\uff0c\u770b\u6cd5\u83ab\u8877\u4e00\u662f\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u970d\u4e82\u9020\u6210\u4e0a\u5410\u4e0b\u7009\uff0c\u662f\u8178\u9053\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u5247\u61f7\u7591\u970d\u4e82\u767c\u75c5\u81f4\u6b7b\u5982\u6b64\u5feb\u901f\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\u6bd2\u6216\u662f\u795e\u7d93\u75be\u75c5\uff1b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u75c5\u7406\u5b78\u770b\u6cd5\u4e5f\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7642\u6cd5\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u4e3b\u5f35\u70ba\u75c5\u4eba\u88dc\u5145\u6c34\u5206\u3001\u4fdd\u6301\u6eab\u6696\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u5247\u4e3b\u5f35\u63a1\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u653e\u8840\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u63a1\u7528\u542b\u6c5e\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u5927\u81bd\u7642\u6cd5\u3002\u6700\u8b93\u4eba\u6478\u4e0d\u8457\u982d\u7dd2\u7684\uff0c\u83ab\u904e\u65bc\u970d\u4e82\u7684\u50b3\u67d3\u9014\u5f91\uff1a\u82e5\u8aaa\u662f\u55ae\u4e00\u50b3\u67d3\u539f\u9020\u6210\u7684\u63a5\u89f8\u50b3\u67d3\uff0c\u96e3\u4ee5\u89e3\u91cb\u970d\u4e82\u6709\u6642\u6703\u300c\u8df3\u904e\u300d\u5e7e\u6236\u6216\u5e7e\u500b\u6751\u838a\u767c\u75c5\u7684\u50b3\u64ad\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1b\u4f46\u82e5\u8aaa\u662f\u591a\u91cd\u56e0\u7d20\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7634\u6c23\u50b3\u67d3\uff0c\u970d\u4e82\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u662f\u500b\u5916\u4f86\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\u8aaa\u4e0d\u901a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u78ba\u5b9a\u970d\u4e82\u50b3\u67d3\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u82f1\u570b\u5167\u79d1\u91ab\u5e2b\u65af\u8afe (John Snow) \u3002\u65e9\u5e74\u4ee5\u898b\u7fd2\u5b78\u5f92\u8eab\u4efd\u65c1\u807d\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u76f4\u5230 31 \u6b72\u624d\u6b63\u5f0f\u5728\u502b\u6566\u5927\u5b78\u53d6\u5f97\u91ab\u5e2b\u8cc7\u683c\u7684\u65af\u8afe\uff0c\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u8a08\u7b97\u9ebb\u9189\u85e5\u4e59\u919a\u7528\u91cf\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8a2d\u8a08\u51fa\u63a7\u5236\u5291\u91cf\u5100\u5668\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u5bb6\uff1b\u7dad\u591a\u8389\u4e9e\u5973\u738b\u5728 1853 \u751f\u7b2c\u516b\u80ce\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u70ba\u5973\u738b\u505a\u9ebb\u9189\u7121\u75db\u5206\u5a29\uff0c\u5f9e\u6b64\u5927\u773e\u6f38\u6f38\u80fd\u5920\u63a5\u53d7\u4f7f\u7528\u9ebb\u9189\u85e5\u3002\u65af\u8afe\u5728 1832 \u5e74\u65bc\u65b0\u5821\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u807d\u8ab2\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u66fe\u7d93\u6b77\u7d93\u4e00\u6b21\u970d\u4e82\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u5728 1849 \u5e74\u518d\u5ea6\u7206\u767c\u970d\u4e82\u75ab\u60c5\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u672c 32 \u9801\u7684\u300a\u970d\u4e82\u50b3\u905e\u65b9\u5f0f\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u5c0f\u518a\u5b50\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u970d\u4e82\u4e0d\u662f\u7634\u6c23\u6c59\u67d3\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u900f\u904e\u6c34\u6c59\u67d3\u50b3\u64ad\u3002\u9019\u672c\u5c0f\u518a\u5b50\u5728 1855 \u5e74\u518d\u7248\u6642\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u8607\u6d3b\u5340 (Soho) \u7684\u75ab\u60c5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d\u7576\u5730\u6b7b\u65bc\u970d\u4e82\u7684\u4e94\u767e\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u98f2\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u53e3\u6c34\u4e95\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u672c\u5c0f\u518a\u5b50\u7684\u518d\u7248\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u88dc\u5145\u4e86\u502b\u6566\u81ea\u4f86\u6c34\u7684\u4f9b\u7d66\u8abf\u67e5\u3002\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u8607\u6d3b\u5340\u75ab\u60c5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u9019\u90e8\u5206\u6bd4\u8f03\u6c92\u90a3\u9ebc\u51fa\u540d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u8a31\u66f4\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u65af\u8afe\u6bd4\u8f03\u5169\u5bb6\u6c34\u6e90\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u81ea\u4f86\u6c34\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5176\u7528\u6236\u7f79\u60a3\u970d\u4e82\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\uff0c\u78ba\u5be6\u6709\u986f\u8457\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u5340\u7684\u4f4f\u6236\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u81ea\u4f86\u6c34\u516c\u53f8\u4f9b\u61c9\u7684\u6c34\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u4fbf\u53ef\u6392\u9664\u970d\u4e82\u662f\u7531\u5340\u57df\u6027\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\u9020\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u6c34\u9019\u500b\u55ae\u4e00\u50b3\u67d3\u539f\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u63a7\u5236\u5be6\u9a57\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u65af\u8afe\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u505a\u5f97\u5be6\u5728\u662f\u6f02\u4eae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5283\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u5c31\u80fd\u7372\u5f97\u5b78\u754c\u4e00\u81f4\u8a8d\u53ef\u3002\u7576\u6642\u4e5f\u6709\u8457\u540d\u5b78\u8005\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u65af\u8afe\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65e2\u6c92\u6709\u8003\u616e\u5230\u6a23\u672c\u6bcd\u6578\u6bd4\u7387\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u8003\u91cf\u5e74\u9f61\u3001\u8077\u696d\u7b49\u5404\u9805\u8b8a\u6578\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\u65af\u8afe\u96d6\u7136\u6307\u51fa\u6c34\u662f\u9020\u6210\u50b3\u67d3\u7684\u55ae\u4e00\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u5177\u9ad4\u8aaa\u51fa\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u56e0\u5b50\u3002\u4e00\u76f4\u8981\u5230 1883 \u5e74\uff0c\u67ef\u970d (Robert Koch) \u5ba3\u5e03\u767c\u73fe\u970d\u4e82\u5f27\u83cc\uff0c\u65af\u8afe\u7576\u521d\u77e5\u5176\u7136\u800c\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u6240\u4ee5\u7136\u7684\u75c5\u539f\uff0c\u624d\u7d42\u65bc\u6c34\u843d\u77f3\u51fa\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u5283\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u975e\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u8e74\u53ef\u53ca\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u7d93\u904e\u53cd\u8986\u8ad6\u8b49\uff0c\u5f8c\u4eba\u88dc\u5145\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u843d\u5be6\u5b8c\u5099\u3002\u65af\u8afe\u7684\u970d\u4e82\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u5370\u8b49\u4e86\u9019\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u970d\u4e82\u81ea 1817 \u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u8cbf\u6613\u8def\u7dda\u50b3\u64ad\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4eba\u5fc3\u6050\u614c\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u52d5\u76ea\u3002\u4ee5\u970d\u4e82\u7814\u7a76\u7559\u540d\u9752\u53f2\u7684\u65af\u8afe\uff0c\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u986f\u793a\u75be\u75c5\u5730\u7406\u5b78\u8207\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b78\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u8207\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u5370\u8b49\u79d1\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u722d\u8b70\uff0c\u5f88\u96e3\u7d93\u904e\u4e00\u6b21\u7cbe\u5f69\u7684\u8ad6\u8b49\u5c31\u5875\u57c3\u843d\u5b9a\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7d93\u904e\u76f8\u7576\u904e\u7a0b\u8207\u5927\u91cf\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u9020\u5c31\u65b0\u7684\u5b78\u8aaa\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":27024,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6701,1750,3293,6693,6695,6443],"tags":[154,3186,3187,1480,1525],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/John-Snow1.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27023"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27023"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27023\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42273,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27023\/revisions\/42273"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/27024"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27023"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27023"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27023"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}