{"id":26654,"date":"2016-12-30T10:00:56","date_gmt":"2016-12-30T02:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=26654"},"modified":"2023-05-24T15:37:46","modified_gmt":"2023-05-24T07:37:46","slug":"%e5%b9%b3%e7%9a%84%e9%82%84%e6%98%af%e5%9c%93%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=26654","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5927\u5b87\u5b99\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\u301101 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of Smyrna, Cleomedes, Ptolemy)\u5728\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u8a0e\u8ad6\u904e\u300c\u5730\u5713\u8aaa\u300d\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u8b49\u64da\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u8010\u4eba\u5c0b\u5473\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e09\u4eba\u4e0d\u7d04\u800c\u540c\u90fd\u4ee5\u9060\u822a\u8239\u96bb\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5beb\u51fa\u5982\u4e0b\u9019\u4e9b\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1.\u822a\u884c\u5728\u5927\u6d77\u4e2d\u7684\u8239\u96bb\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u99db\u8fd1\u67d0\u5ea7\u5cf6\u5dbc\uff0c\u8239\u54e1\u4e00\u5b9a\u5148\u770b\u5230\u5cf6\u4e0a\u7684\u5c71\u5cf0\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6574\u5ea7\u5c71\u624d\u6703\u6162\u6162\u300c\u6d6e\u73fe\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2.\u822a\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8239\u9577\u5e38\u6703\u6d3e\u4e00\u540d\u6c34\u624b\u722c\u4e0a\u6845\u6746\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9644\u8fd1\u51fa\u73fe\u8239\u96bb\u6216\u9678\u5730\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u9019\u540d\u6c34\u624b\u6700\u5148\u767c\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3.\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7ad9\u5728\u6d77\u908a\u76ee\u9001\u8239\u96bb\u96e2\u53bb\uff0c\u6703\u89ba\u5f97\u90a3\u8258\u8239\u662f\u9010\u6f38\u6d88\u5931\u7684\uff1b\u7576\u8239\u8eab\u88ab\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u541e\u6c92\u6642\uff0c\u8239\u6845\u548c\u8239\u5e06\u4ecd\u820a\u4f9d\u7a00\u53ef\u898b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e2\u7136\u4e09\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u90fd\u7528\u4e86\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4ee3\u8868\u7576\u6642\u7684\u822a\u6d77\u6280\u8853\u76f8\u7576\u767c\u9054\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u65e9\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d\u516d\u767e\u5e74\uff0c\u8153\u5c3c\u57fa\u4eba(\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u6587\u660e\u5708\u4e2d\u6700\u6709\u822a\u6d77\u5929\u5206\u7684\u6c11\u65cf)\u5c31\u66fe\u7d93\u5275\u4e0b\u9806\u6642\u91dd\u74b0\u7e5e\u6574\u500b\u975e\u6d32\u7684\u9a5a\u4eba\u7d00\u9304\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u4e0d\u59a8\u60f3\u60f3\u770b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u591a\u9ebc\u5805\u56fa\u3001\u591a\u9ebc\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u8239\u96bb\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u9019\u9805\u58ef\u8209\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56de\u5230\u6b63\u984c\u3002\u5728\u300c\u5730\u5713\u8aaa\u300d\u7ad9\u7a69\u8173\u6b65\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5f88\u5feb\u6709\u4e86\u9577\u8db3\u7684\u9032\u5c55\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d\u4e09\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u57c3\u6c0f(Eratosthenes, 276?-195? BC)\u9019\u4f4d\u591a\u624d\u591a\u85dd\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u4ee5\u300c\u5730\u5713\u8aaa\u300d\u4f5c\u70ba\u6307\u5c0e\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u7528\u5de7\u5999\u7684\u9593\u63a5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6e2c\u91cf\u51fa\u4e86\u5730\u7403\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6b64\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u9593\u63a5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5927\u610f\u662f\u8aaa\u5982\u679c\u5169\u5730\u7d93\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u800c\u7def\u5ea6\u6709\u6bb5\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5929(\u4f8b\u5982\u590f\u81f3)\u7684\u6b63\u5348\uff0c\u5169\u5730\u4e0a\u7a7a\u7684\u592a\u967d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5c31\u6703\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u65e2\u7136\u5730\u7403\u662f\u5713\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7532\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u767c\u89ba\u592a\u967d\u5728\u982d\u9802\uff0c\u4e59\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u5c31\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u592a\u967d\u7a0d\u5fae\u504f\u659c\uff0c\u9019\u61c9\u8a72\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u50cf\u3002\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6839\u64da\u5169\u5730\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u592a\u967d\u89d2\u5ea6\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u63a8\u7b97\u51fa\u5730\u7403\u7684\u5468\u9577\u8207\u534a\u5f91\u3002\u5c31\u7576\u6642\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u57c3\u6c0f\u7684\u6e2c\u91cf\u7d50\u679c\u7b97\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u7cbe\u78ba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u57c3\u6c0f\u591a\u624d\u591a\u85dd\uff0c\u5c0d\u597d\u4e9b\u5b78\u8853\u9818\u57df\u90fd\u6709\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u300c\u5730\u7406\u5b78\u4e4b\u7236\u300d\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u4ed6\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u982d\u929c\u3002\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u4e0d\u50c5\u6e2c\u51fa\u5730\u7403\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u9084\u66fe\u7d93\u82b1\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u5fc3\u8840\uff0c\u5c07\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u6587\u660e\u5708\u6240\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u5927\u9678\u8207\u6d77\u6d0b\u901a\u901a\u7e6a\u6210\u5730\u5716\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u7684\u300c\u5730\u5713\u8aaa\u300d\u8ac7\u5230\u9019\u88e1\u7b97\u662f\u544a\u4e00\u6bb5\u843d\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u6211\u5011\u63db\u500b\u6642\u7a7a\uff0c\u62ff\u4e2d\u570b\u53e4\u4ee3\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u4f5c\u500b\u5c0d\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u570b\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u56fa\u7136\u767c\u9054\uff0c\u7d2f\u7a4d\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u8209\u4e16\u516c\u8a8d\u7684\u5049\u5927\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u504f\u504f\u5728\u300c\u5730\u5713\u8aaa\u300d\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u4ea4\u4e86\u767d\u5377\u3002\u96d6\u8aaa\u6709\u4eba\u4e3b\u5f35\u4e2d\u570b\u53e4\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u300c\u6e3e\u5929\u8aaa\u300d\u96b1\u542b\u4e86\u300c\u5730\u5713\u8aaa\u300d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u6050\u6015\u4e26\u975e\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u5c31\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u300c\u6e3e\u5929\u8aaa\u300d\u7684\u6b7b\u5c0d\u982d\u8b1b\u8d77\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u53e4\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5929\u5730\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u6709\u8457\u5169\u7a2e\u91dd\u92d2\u76f8\u5c0d\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u84cb\u5929\u8aaa\u300d\u8207\u300c\u6e3e\u5929\u8aaa\u300d\u3002\u524d\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u5929\u300d\u662f\u500b\u84cb\u5b50\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u534a\u500b\u7403\u9762\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u5929\u7403\u662f\u6e3e\u5713\u7684\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\u5169\u8005\u6c34\u706b\u4e0d\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u59a5\u5354\u9918\u5730\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u96d9\u65b9\u6700\u5927\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u5728\u65bc\u300c\u5730\u300d\u4e0b\u9762\u5230\u5e95\u9084\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u300c\u534a\u500b\u5929\u300d\uff0c\u81f3\u65bc\u300c\u5730\u300d\u7684\u5f62\u72c0\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u5247\u662f\u6709\u5fd7\u4e00\u540c\uff0c\u90fd\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u5e73\u9762(\u4f46\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u65b9\u5f62)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6771\u6f22\u6642\u671f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\u5f35\u8861(\u516c\u514378-139)\u96d6\u7136\u4e26\u975e\u300c\u6e3e\u5929\u8aaa\u300d\u7684\u5275\u59cb\u8005\uff0c\u537b\u662f\u9019\u500b\u5b78\u8aaa\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u5b78\u8005\u4ee5\u70ba\u5f35\u8861\u65e2\u7136\u767c\u660e\u4e86\u6e3e\u5929\u5100\uff0c\u9084\u66fe\u7d93\u7528\u96de\u86cb\u6bd4\u55bb\u5929\u5730\u7684\u7d50\u69cb(\u86cb\u6bbc\u5c0d\u61c9\u300c\u5929\u300d\uff0c\u86cb\u9ec3\u5c0d\u61c9\u300c\u5730\u300d)\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4ee3\u8868\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u5730\u7403\u662f\u5713\u7684\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u9019\u662f\u500b\u666e\u904d\u7684\u8aa4\u6703\uff0c\u9023\u674e\u7d04\u745f\u9019\u4f4d\u5927\u5e2b\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u514d\u4fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f35\u8861\u96d6\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u4e16\u51fa\u7684\u5929\u624d\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u4e00\u6d41\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u6d41\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u96e3\u514d\u4ecd\u6709\u5176\u7121\u6cd5\u6399\u812b\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u3002\u4ed6\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5f37\u8abf\u300c\u6e3e\u5929\u8aaa\u300d\u8207\u300c\u96de\u5b50\u6a21\u578b\u300d\uff0c\u7d14\u7cb9\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5c0d\u6297\u300c\u84cb\u5929\u8aaa\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u63d0\u5021\u300c\u5730\u5713\u8aaa\u300d\u3002\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u6700\u6709\u529b\u7684\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u9996\u63a8\u5f35\u8861\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u300a\u9748\u61b2\u300b\u9019\u7bc7\u300c\u79d1\u5b78\u8ad6\u6587\u300d\u4e2d\u6240\u5beb\u7684\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\uff1a\u300c\u5929\u9ad4\u65bc\u967d\uff0c\u6545\u5713\u4ee5\u52d5\uff1b\u5730\u9ad4\u65bc\u9670\uff0c\u6545\u5e73\u4ee5\u975c\u3002\u300d\u56e0\u6b64\u9000\u4e00\u842c\u6b65\u4f86\u8b1b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5f35\u8861\u771f\u7684\u8a8d\u70ba\u5927\u5730\u985e\u4f3c\u86cb\u9ec3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u662f\u6307\u6241\u6241\u7684\u8377\u5305\u86cb\u800c\u4e26\u975e\u5713\u5713\u7684\u6c34\u716e\u86cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u8a31\u6709\u4eba\u6703\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u660e\u660e\u8a18\u5f97\u6e3e\u5929\u5100\u4e2d\u592e\u6709\u500b\u5730\u7403\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u55ce\uff1f\u62b1\u6b49\uff0c\u4f60\u8aaa\u7684\u662f\u897f\u5f0f\u6e3e\u5929\u5100(\u6b63\u5f0f\u540d\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u6e3e\u5100\u300d\uff0c\u767c\u660e\u4eba\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u7684\u57c3\u6c0f)\u3002\u6b63\u7d71\u7684\u4e2d\u5f0f\u6e3e\u5929\u5100\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4e2d\u7a7a\u7684\uff0c\u7d55\u5c0d\u6c92\u6709\u300c\u5730\u5713\u300d\u7684\u6697\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_26655\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-26655\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-26655\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/\u5716\u4e00.jpg\" alt=\"\u6e3e\u5929\u5100(\u4f5c\u8005\u651d\u81ea\u570b\u7acb\u79d1\u5b78\u5de5\u85dd\u535a\u7269\u9928)\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-26655\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u6e3e\u5929\u5100(\u4f5c\u8005\u651d\u81ea\u570b\u7acb\u79d1\u5b78\u5de5\u85dd\u535a\u7269\u9928)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u7531\u65bc\u300c\u5730\u5713\u8aaa\u300d\u59cb\u7d42\u672a\u66fe\u5728\u4e2d\u571f\u751f\u6839\u767c\u82bd\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u53e4\u4ee3\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\u9084\u56e0\u6b64\u641e\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u70cf\u9f8d\u3002\u5927\u7d04\u5728\u897f\u6f22\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u6d3e\u5b78\u8005\u81ea\u8a8d\u70ba\u767c\u660e\u4e86\u6e2c\u91cf\u592a\u967d\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u547d\u540d\u70ba\u65e5\u9ad8\u8853\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u53ea\u8981\u4ed4\u7d30\u770b\u770b\u300a\u5468\u9ac0\u7b97\u7d93\u300b\u548c\u300a\u6dee\u5357\u5b50\u2027\u5929\u6587\u8a13\u300b\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u8a18\u8f09\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u4e0d\u96e3\u767c\u73fe\u65e5\u9ad8\u8853\u6240\u6e2c\u91cf\u7684\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u5730\u7403\u534a\u5f91\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u539f\u7406\u548c\u6642\u4ee3\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u57c3\u6c0f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u96f7\u540c\uff0c\u552f\u7368\u5c0d\u6e2c\u91cf\u7d50\u679c\u505a\u4e86\u932f\u8aa4\u89e3\u8b80(\u76f8\u95dc\u8a08\u7b97\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u4e09\u89d2\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u5c31\u4e0d\u8a73\u8ff0\u4e86)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\u89ba\u5f97\u5f88\u53ef\u60dc\u5462\uff1f\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u53ef\u60dc\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u65e5\u9ad8\u8853\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6578\u64da\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u57c3\u6c0f\u66f4\u7cbe\u6e96\uff01<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_26656\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-26656\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-26656\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/\u5716\u4e8c.jpg\" alt=\"\u57c3\u6c0f\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u89c0\u9ede vs.\u300c\u65e5\u9ad8\u8853\u300d\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u89c0\u9ede(\u4f5c\u8005\u7e6a)\" width=\"500\" height=\"331\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-26656\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u57c3\u6c0f\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u89c0\u9ede vs.\u300c\u65e5\u9ad8\u8853\u300d\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u89c0\u9ede(\u4f5c\u8005\u7e6a)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u679c\u807d\u5230\u300c\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u5e73\u7684\u300d\uff0c\u4f60\u6703\u7acb\u523b\u806f\u60f3\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f<br \/>\n\u6216\u8a31\u6709\u4eba\u6703\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u66a2\u92b7\u66f8\u7684\u66f8\u540d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5229\u7528\u300c\u4e16\u754c\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u62b9\u5e73\u300d\u9019\u500b\u8073\u52d5\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f86\u6bd4\u55bb\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u904e\u7a0b\u548c\u73fe\u8c61\u3002<br 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