{"id":25778,"date":"2016-10-05T15:34:54","date_gmt":"2016-10-05T07:34:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=25778"},"modified":"2018-08-03T15:21:34","modified_gmt":"2018-08-03T07:21:34","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e9%bb%91%e7%8c%a9%e7%8c%a9%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e5%ad%b8%e3%80%8b%e5%b0%8e%e8%ae%80%ef%bc%9a%e3%80%8c%e6%9c%ac%e6%80%a7%e3%80%8d%e6%98%af%e8%a4%87%e6%95%b8%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=25778","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u300b\u5c0e\u8b80\uff1a\u300c\u672c\u6027\u300d\u662f\u8907\u6578\u7684"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-25779\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/\u7acb\u9ad4\u66f8\u5c01.png\" alt=\"%e7%ab%8b%e9%ab%94%e6%9b%b8%e5%b0%81\" width=\"240\" height=\"283\" 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Tulp, 1593-1674)\u3002\u66f4\u5de7\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u675c\u666e\u662f\u5728\u6d77\u7259\u7684\u7e3d\u7763\u52d5\u7269\u5712\u898b\u5230\u90a3\u96bb\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u7684\u3002\u52d5\u7269\u5712\u88e1\u4f86\u81ea\u6d77\u5916\u7684\u73cd\u79bd\u7570\u7378\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u662f\u7576\u5e74\u8377\u862d\u7684\u5546\u696d\u52e2\u529b\u3002\u675c\u666e\u544a\u8a34\u8b80\u8005\uff0c\u6771\u5357\u4e9e\u571f\u8457\u628a\u9019\u7a2e\u52d5\u7269\u53eb\u505aorang-outang\uff1b\u53ef\u662f\u4ed6\u898b\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u96bb\u4f86\u81ea\u975e\u6d32\u5b89\u54e5\u62c9\uff0d\u4f4d\u65bc\u4e2d\u975e\u525b\u679c\u6cb3\u4e4b\u5357\u3002\u7260\u662f\u96cc\u6027\uff0c\u675c\u666e\u537b\u8a8d\u70ba\u7260\u5c31\u662f\u53e4\u7f85\u99ac\u4eba\u8a18\u8f09\u7684\u68ee\u6797\u4e4b\u795e\u2500\u5f62\u9ad4\u534a\u4eba\u534a\u7378\uff0c\u6027\u60c5\u5247\u597d\u8272\u7e31\u617e\u3002\u6839\u64da\u675c\u666e\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u7260\u4e0d\u6b62\u5f62\u9ad4\uff0c\u9023\u884c\u70ba\u4e5f\u4eba\u6a21\u4eba\u6a23\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u675c\u666e\u7684\u5831\u5c0e\u5c6c\u65bc\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u8a8c\u300d\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u8b1b\u7a76\u7684\u662f\u4ee5\u89aa\u8eab\u898b\u805e\u5370\u8b49\u795e\u8a71\u3001\u53e4\u7c4d\u3001\u50b3\u8aaa\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u897f\u6b50\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u5c0d\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efd\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u767c\u8868\u65bc\u4e00\u516d\u4e5d\u4e5d\u5e74\u3002\u502b\u6566\u91ab\u5e2b\u6cf0\u68ee\u89e3\u5256\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u96bb\u4f86\u81ea\u5b89\u54e5\u62c9\u7684\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u7334\u5b50\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u8207\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5927\u65bc\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u8207\u7334\u5b50\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u662f\uff0c\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u662f\u4ecb\u65bc\u7334\u5b50\u8207\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7269\u7a2e\u3002\u90a3\u6642\u751f\u7269\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u6cf0\u68ee\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4f86\u81ea\u4e9e\u91cc\u65af\u591a\u5fb7\u3002\u4e9e\u91cc\u65af\u591a\u5fb7\u8a8d\u70ba\u751f\u7269\u4e16\u754c\u6709\u4e00\u968e\u5c64\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u4e00\u7d72\u4e0d\u82df\u3002\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u6b63\u597d\u586b\u88dc\u4e86\u7334\u5b50\u8207\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7a7a\u9699\u3002\u7528\u4e0d\u8457\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u60f3\u6cd5\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u795e\u5b78\u82e5\u5408\u7b26\u7bc0\uff0d\u4eba\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u751f\u7269\u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u8de8\u8d8a\u7684\u9d3b\u6e9d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u4e86\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u5206\u985e\u5b78\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u5c0d\u9019\u4e00\u5957\u5f62\u4e0a\u5b78\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u885d\u64ca\u3002\u6797\u5948\u5c07\u4eba\u985e\u3001\u7329\u7329\u3001\u7334\u5b50\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u8759\u8760\u4e00\u9f4a\u653e\u5165\u9748\u9577\u985e\uff0c\u800c\u7329\u7329\u8207\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u300c\u4eba\u5c6c\u300d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7269\u7a2e\uff0c\u60f9\u60f1\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u4e00\u6d41\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5b78\u8005\u3002\u6797\u5948\u7684\u7406\u7531\u662f\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u7269\u8cea\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u672c\u5206\u662f\u89c0\u5bdf\u3001\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u4ed6\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u4eba\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u9748\u9577\u985e\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u7570\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u9019\u500b\u79d1\u5b78\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u8b49\u660e\u4eba\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u52d5\u7269\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u4eba\u8207\u7329\u7329\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u8868\u73fe\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c6c\u9748\u7684\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u9818\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u751f\u7269\u6f14\u5316\u8ad6\u554f\u4e16\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3001\u7fd2\u6027\u6210\u70ba\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002\u4e00\u516b\u4e09\u516b\u5e74\uff0c\u9054\u723e\u6587\u5230\u502b\u6566\u52d5\u7269\u5712\u89c0\u5bdf\u7d05\u6bdb\u7329\u7329\uff0c\u9084\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u7d05\u6bdb\u7329\u7329\u77e5\u9053\u93e1\u5b50\u88e1\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5fb7\u74e6\u723e\u5f9e\u4e8b\u7684\u9019\u7a2e\u9748\u9577\u985e\u884c\u70ba\u5b78\uff0c\u9084\u8981\u518d\u7b49\u4e00\u500b\u591a\u4e16\u7d00\u624d\u8a95\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e00\u3001<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u73fe\u4ee3\u9748\u9577\u985e\u884c\u70ba\u5b78\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5ea7\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\uff0c\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u8c4e\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u8a71\u8aaa\u4e00\u4e5d\u56db\u516b\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u6606\u87f2\u5b78\u51fa\u8eab\u7684\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u5e2b\u4eca\u897f\u9326\u53f8(1902-1992)\u5e36\u8457\u5169\u540d\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u5230\u4e5d\u5dde\u6771\u5357\u5bae\u5d0e\u7e23\u7684\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u5cb8\u9644\u8fd1\u8abf\u67e5\u91ce\u99ac\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u4eca\u897f\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u4fb5\u83ef\u671f\u9593\u5230\u5167\u8499\u53e4\u8abf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\u975e\u6d32\u73fe\u5728\u6709\u4e94\u500b\u9577\u671f\u7684\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u7814\u7a76\u7ad9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5169\u500b\u662f\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b78\u9748\u9577\u985e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e8c\u3001<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u73fe\u4ee3\u9748\u9577\u985e\u884c\u70ba\u5b78\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5ea7\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\uff0c\u662f\u82f1\u570b\u4eba\u73cd\u53e4\u5fb7(Jane Goodall, 1934-)\u8c4e\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u4e5d\u516d\u25cb\u5e74\uff0c\u5979\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u6b72\uff0c\u9023\u5927\u5b78\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u4e0a\u904e\uff0c\u5c31\u6df1\u5165\u6771\u975e\u7684\u5ca1\u8c9d\u81ea\u7136\u4fdd\u7559\u5340\u8abf\u67e5\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\uff08\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u5766\u5c1a\u5c3c\u4e9e\u897f\u90e8\u908a\u754c\u8655\uff09\u3002\u7576\u521d\u6c92\u6709\u5e7e\u500b\u4eba\u5c0d\u5979\u62b1\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4eba\u6253\u8ced\u4e0d\u5230\u516d\u500b\u661f\u671f\u5979\u5c31\u6703\u6372\u92ea\u84cb\u8d70\u4eba\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5979\u6490\u4e0b\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u5230\u534a\u5e74\u5c31\u767c\u73fe\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u80fd\u5920\u88fd\u4f5c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u9084\u6703\u7375\u98df\u5176\u4ed6\u52d5\u7269\u3001\u5206\u4eab\u6210\u679c\u2500\u7576\u6642\u5927\u591a\u6578\u5b78\u8005\u90fd\u76f8\u4fe1\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u7368\u6709\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65bc\u662f\u528d\u6a4b\u5927\u5b78\u7279\u5225\u51c6\u8a31\u73cd\u53e4\u5fb7\u76f4\u63a5\u653b\u8b80\u52d5\u7269\u884c\u70ba\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\u3002\u5979\u4ee5\u89c0\u5bdf\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5b8c\u6210\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u4e00\u4e5d\u516d\u4e94\u5e74\u5f97\u5230\u5b78\u4f4d\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u9019\u6642\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u5c0d\u5979\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u9023\u5979\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u6307\u5c0e\u6559\u6388\u90fd\u4e0d\u6eff\u5979\u91cd\u611f\u6027\u3001\u4e0d\u5f88\u7406\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5979\u7d66\u6bcf\u96bb\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u90fd\u53d6\u4e86\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u53c8\u4ee5\u300c\u500b\u6027\u300d\u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u8a5e\u89e3\u91cb\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u300c\u79d1\u5b78\u5ba2\u89c0\u300d\u539f\u5247\u7684\u4f5c\u98a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u5f8c\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u73cd\u53e4\u5fb7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u627f\u8a8d\u5979\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u3002\u4e00\u4e5d\u516b\u516d\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u70ba\u5979\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300a\u5ca1\u8c9d\u7684\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u300b(<em>The 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Morris)\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300a\u8993\u98df\u8005\u3001\u8fb2\u6c11\u3001\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u300b\uff0c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4eba\u985e\u793e\u6703\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u7684\u5927\u6b77\u53f2\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5728\u72e9\u7375\u63a1\u96c6\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8fb2\u696d\u8208\u8d77\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3b\u6d41\u50f9\u503c\u662f\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f30\u8a08\u9019\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u5df2\u7d93\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u5169\u767e\u842c\u5e74\uff1b\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8166\u5b50\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6f14\u5316\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u9818\u8896\u4eba\u7269\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u8cea\u662f\u300c\u6368\u5f97\u300d\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u662f\u300c\u8cc7\u6e90\u91cd\u5206\u914d\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fb2\u696d\u8208\u8d77\u5f8c\uff0c\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u8b8a\u6210\u91cd\u968e\u5c64\uff0c\u8b1b\u7a76\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6709\u5225\uff0c\u4ee5\u7dad\u6301\u793e\u6703\u7a69\u5b9a\u3002\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u793e\u6703\u624d\u80fd\u9032\u884c\u8fb2\u8015\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8a08\u756b\u3001\u7d44\u7e54\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u5de5\u696d\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u91cd\u968e\u5e8f\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u4e0d\u5229\u65bc\u523a\u6fc0\u5275\u610f\u4e91\u4e91\u3002\u7e3d\u4e4b\uff0c\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u6f14\u8b8a\u7684\u5927\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u51f8\u986f\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u300c\u672c\u6027\u300d\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u907a\u50b3\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u6307\u4ee4\u78bc\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56db\u3001<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u8a0e\u8ad6\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u7d30\u7bc0\uff0d\u96c4\u6027\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u7d04\u675f\u3002\u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u52d5\u7269\u884c\u70ba\u5b78\u5bb6\u52de\u502b\u8332(Konrad Lorenz, 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