{"id":25406,"date":"2016-09-21T10:27:50","date_gmt":"2016-09-21T02:27:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=25406"},"modified":"2023-06-06T14:50:53","modified_gmt":"2023-06-06T06:50:53","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%b8%e5%8f%b2%e6%b2%99%e9%be%8d%e3%80%91%e6%ba%90%e8%87%aa%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e7%9a%84%e5%89%b5%e9%80%a0%e5%8a%9b-%e6%9c%89%e6%a9%9f%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%b8%e5%90%88%e6%88%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=25406","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u6c99\u9f8d\u3011\u6e90\u81ea\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5275\u9020\u529b\u2014\u2014\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u5408\u6210"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/C5Uff_RuLPI\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u25a0\u60f3\u8981\u7149\u51fa\u4e0d\u6b7b\u4ed9\u4e39\u7684\u7149\u4e39\u8853\u58eb\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u63d0\u7149\u51fa\u5177\u6709\u751f\u547d\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u7269\u8cea\u3002\u627f\u7e7c\u9019\u500b\u4f01\u76fc\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u900f\u904e\u79d1\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5408\u6210\u51fa\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u53e4\u4ee3\u4ed9\u4e39\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u8cea\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8b1b\u8005\uff5c<\/strong> \u570b\u7acb\u53f0\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb \u8521\u860a\u660e\u6559\u6388<br \/>\n<strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u9ad8\u82f1\u54f2<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u9019\u500b\u540d\u8a5e\uff0c\u59cb\u65bc 1806 \u5e74\uff1b\u5728\u9019\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u8cea\u5c31\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u52d5\u690d\u7269\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u80fd\u5920\u81ea\u884c\u8403\u53d6\u88fd\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u53ea\u6709\u9152\u7cbe\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u50cf\u662f\u87fb\u9178\u3001\u918b\u9178\u7b49\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u9178\uff0c\u8981\u7b49\u5230\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u628a\u5b83\u5011\u5206\u96e2\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u6280\u8853\u3002\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u7576\u6642\u6709\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u751f\u6a5f\u8ad6\u300d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ea\u6709\u751f\u547d\u7684\u795e\u8056\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u8cea\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u4e86\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u4e0a\u534a\u8449\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u7d1b\u7d1b\u767c\u73fe\u900f\u904e\u4eba\u5de5\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u88fd\u9020\u51fa\u8af8\u5982\u91a3\u985e\u3001\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u3001\u751f\u7269\u9e7c\u3001\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u7b49\u7b49\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u9996\u5148\u662f 1828 \u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u7dad\u52d2 (Friedrich W\u00f6hler) \u539f\u672c\u60f3\u5c07\u6c30\u9178\u9280\u8ddf\u6c2f\u5316\u92a8\u5408\u6210\u70ba\u6c30\u9178\u92a8\uff0c\u537b\u610f\u5916\u5408\u6210\u51fa\u5c3f\u7d20\uff1b\u63a5\u8457\u5728 1844 \u5e74\uff0c\u7dad\u52d2\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u79d1\u723e\u8c9d (Hermann Kolbe) \u4e5f\u900f\u904e\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u7528\u7121\u6a5f\u7269\u6210\u529f\u5408\u6210\u918b\u9178\u3002\u5728\u9019\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u6709\u6a5f\u5408\u6210\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u9032\u5c55\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u78ba\u7acb\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u5efa\u7acb\u7d50\u69cb\u7406\u8ad6\uff1b\u5230\u4e86 1860 \u5e74\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u91dd\u5c0d\u78b3\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u91cf\u53d6\u5f97\u5171\u8b58\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u5f97\u4ee5\u78ba\u7acb\uff0c\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u5f9e\u6b64\u4fbf\u84ec\u52c3\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u671f\u8207\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u63a5\u9023\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u91cd\u5927\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5c0d\u91a3\u985e\u8ddf\u560c\u5464\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5728 1902 \u5e74\u7372\u9812\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\u7684\u8cbb\u6b47\u723e (Hermann Emil Fischer) \uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u78ba\u5b9a\u5c3f\u9178\u8ddf\u5496\u5561\u56e0\u7b49\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u560c\u5464\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4ee5\u76f8\u7576\u7cbe\u5f69\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e86\u91a3\u985e\u5177\u6709\u93c8\u72c0\u7d50\u69cb\u3002 1905 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\u62dc\u723e (Adolf von Baeyer) \uff0c\u5247\u662f\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5408\u6210\u51fa\u975b\u85cd\u3001\u915a\u915e\u8ddf\u831c\u7d20\uff0c\u5c0d\u5316\u5b78\u5de5\u696d\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u662f\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u5408\u6210\u6cbb\u7642\u7279\u5b9a\u75be\u75c5\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u6280\u8853\u3002 1908 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u91ab\u5b78\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\u57c3\u723e\u5229\u5e0c (Paul Ehrlich) \uff0c\u4ee5\u67d3\u6599\u53ef\u4ee5\u9078\u64c7\u6027\u5730\u8207\u7279\u5b9a\u7d30\u83cc\u7d50\u5408\u7684\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u53f0\u76fc\u7d05\u8ddf\u7837\u51e1\u7d0d\u660e\u7b49\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u85e5\u7269\u3002\u5fb7\u570b\u7d30\u83cc\u5b78\u5bb6\u591a\u99ac\u514b (Gerhard Domagk) \u767c\u73fe\u4e00\u7a2e\u5076\u6c2e\u67d3\u6599\u767e\u6d6a\u591a\u606f (Prontosil) \uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6eb6\u8840\u6027\u93c8\u7403\u83cc\u6709\u5f88\u5f37\u7684\u6bba\u83cc\u529f\u6548\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u633d\u6551\u4e86\u8eab\u67d3\u7576\u6642\u7121\u85e5\u53ef\u6551\u7684\u93c8\u7403\u83cc\u6557\u8840\u75c5\u7684\u5973\u5152\u4e00\u547d\uff0c\u6578\u5e74\u5f8c\u4e5f\u70ba\u4ed6\u8d0f\u5f97\u4e86\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u3002\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u5408\u6210\u5230\u4e86\u7f8e\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f0d\u5fb7\u6c83\u5fb7 (Robert Burns Woodward) \u624b\u4e0a\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u4e00\u9580\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u7531\u4ed6\u9996\u5ea6\u5408\u6210\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u7dad\u4ed6\u547d B12 \uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u7d50\u69cb\u7c21\u76f4\u5c31\u662f\u500b\u83ef\u9e97\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u54c1\u3002 1990 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\u79d1\u91cc (Elias James Corey) \uff0c\u5247\u662f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u8b93\u4e0d\u50cf\u4f0d\u5fb7\u6c83\u5fb7\u90a3\u9ebc\u5929\u7e31\u82f1\u624d\u7684\u5f8c\u751f\u665a\u8f29\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5920\u900f\u904e\u7cfb\u7d71\u5316\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u5728\u5316\u5b78\u5408\u6210\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u9818\u57df\u88e1\u6709\u6240\u767c\u63ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u8a00\u4ee5\u853d\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u5c31\u5982\u540c 1981 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\u970d\u592b\u66fc (Roald Hoffmann) \u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u300c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4f4d\u65bc\u5316\u5b78\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u795e\u5947\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u5316\u5b78\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u65bc\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u53c8\u98fd\u542b\u4e86\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img 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