{"id":25403,"date":"2016-09-15T00:22:37","date_gmt":"2016-09-14T16:22:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=25403"},"modified":"2023-06-06T14:51:45","modified_gmt":"2023-06-06T06:51:45","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%b8%e5%8f%b2%e6%b2%99%e9%be%8d%e3%80%91%e5%ba%8f%e8%a8%80%e2%94%80%e4%ba%ba%e9%a1%9e%e5%89%b5%e9%80%a0%e7%89%a9%e8%b3%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=25403","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u6c99\u9f8d\u3011\u5e8f\u8a00\u2014\u2014\u4eba\u985e\u5275\u9020\u7269\u8cea"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/xQ5ee2cIJ78\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u25a0\u8fd1\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b78\u4ee5\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u8ddf\u63a7\u5236\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u63a8\u52d5\u79d1\u5b78\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e3b\u5bb0\u4e86\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u6587\u660e\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5c0d\u65bc\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u8981\u5f80\u8907\u96dc\u9084\u662f\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u8d70\uff0c\u59cb\u7d42\u662f\u56f0\u64fe\u8457\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u54c9\u554f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u5408\u6210\u7269\u8cea\u5df2\u7d93\u5145\u65a5\u6211\u5011\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4eca\u5929\u4ea6\u7136\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8b1b\u8005\uff5c<\/strong> \u570b\u7acb\u53f0\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb \u9673\u7af9\u4ead\u6559\u6388<br \/>\n<strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u9ad8\u82f1\u54f2<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u5148\u5177\u9ad4\u63d0\u51fa\u6211\u5011\u8eab\u8655\u5728\u5206\u5b50\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u7b97\u662f\u4e9e\u4f5b\u52a0\u53a5 (Amedeo Avogadro) \u8ddf\u5361\u5c3c\u672d\u8afe (Stanislao Cannizzaro) \u9019\u5169\u4f4d\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u4e9e\u4f5b\u52a0\u53a5\u5728 1811 \u5e74\u767c\u8868\u5206\u5b50\u8ad6\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u7684\u6c23\u9ad4\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u5b9a\u6578\u76ee\u7684\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u800c\u6210\u7684\u5206\u5b50\uff1b\u5361\u5c3c\u672d\u8afe\u5247\u5728 1860 \u5e74\uff0c\u5c07\u9053\u8033\u541e\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u8ad6\u8ddf\u4e9e\u4f5b\u52a0\u53a5\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u8ad6\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5fb7\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u7dad\u52d2 (Friedrich W\u00f6hler) \u5728 1828 \u5e74\u5408\u6210\u5c3f\u7d20\uff0c\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5c07\u7121\u6a5f\u7269\u5316\u5408\u6210\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u7684\u5275\u8209\u3002\u7136\u800c\u96d6\u7136\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u5408\u6210\u7684\u662f\u5c3f\u7d20\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u7b87\u4e2d\u6a5f\u5236\u537b\u611f\u5230\u76f8\u7576\u4e0d\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5206\u5b50\u7531\u7c21\u55ae\u8b8a\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u5408\u6210\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u8207\u7576\u6642\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u5316\u7d04\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u80cc\u9053\u800c\u99b3\u3002\u5316\u5b78\u9451\u5b9a\u8207\u5206\u6790\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\uff0c\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u8cbb\u4e86\u76f8\u7576\u5927\u7684\u529f\u592b\uff0c\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u78ba\u7acb\u4e0b\u4f86\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u5316\u5b78\u5408\u6210\u7684\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u662f\u5230\u4e86\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u624d\u6f38\u8da8\u6210\u719f\u3002\u6cd5\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u683c\u6797\u7d0d (Victor Grignard) \u5728 1912 \u5e74\uff0c\u7528\u9382\u91d1\u5c6c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5169\u500b\u6709\u6a5f\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u78b3\u9375\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u5206\u5b50\uff1b\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6642\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\u6700\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u5408\u6210\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u90fd\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u9019\u500b\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u683c\u6797\u7d0d\u53cd\u61c9\u300d\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u7dca\u63a5\u8457\u5728 1913 \u5e74\uff0c\u745e\u58eb\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u7dad\u723e\u7d0d (Alfred Werner) \u4e5f\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u7121\u6a5f\u5408\u6210\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u5fb7\u570b\u7d30\u83cc\u5b78\u5bb6\u591a\u99ac\u514b (Gerhard Domagk) \u5408\u6210\u78fa\u80fa\u5291\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8607\u683c\u862d\u85e5\u5b78\u5bb6\u5f17\u840a\u660e (Alexander Fleming) \u5408\u6210\u76e4\u5c3c\u897f\u6797\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u5316\u5b78\u5408\u6210\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5316\u5b78\u5408\u6210\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u5230\u4e86 1940 \u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u671f\uff0c\u7531\u7f8e\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f0d\u5fb7\u6c83\u5fb7 (Robert Burns Woodward) \u96c6\u5176\u5927\u6210\uff0c\u4ed6\u6210\u529f\u5730\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u5408\u6210\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u88fd\u9020\u51fa\u594e\u5be7\u3001\u81bd\u56fa\u9187\u3001\u53ef\u9ad4\u677e\u7b49\u7b49\u8a31\u591a\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5929\u7136\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u958b\u5275\u4e86\u6709\u6a5f\u5408\u6210\u7684\u65b0\u7d00\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f71\u97ff\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u6d3b\u751a\u9245\u7684\u5851\u81a0\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u5728 1950 \u8ddf 1960 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u7531\u5fb7\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u9f4a\u683c\u52d2 (Karl Zigler) \u8207\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u7d0d\u5854 (Giulio Natta) \u7814\u767c\u51fa\u5408\u6210\u6280\u8853\u3002\u7136\u800c\u50cf\u662f DNA \u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u9ad8\u529f\u80fd\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u4ecd\u7136\u7121\u6cd5\u4ee5\u4eba\u5de5\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u9019\u5c07\u662f\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u6311\u6230\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u8fd1\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b78\u4ee5\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u8ddf\u63a7\u5236\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6701,1750,32,1023,3293,6443],"tags":[2808,450,2249,2018,2295,1559,2276],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25403"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=25403"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25403\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42300,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25403\/revisions\/42300"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=25403"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=25403"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=25403"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}