{"id":25219,"date":"2016-08-08T00:25:49","date_gmt":"2016-08-07T16:25:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=25219"},"modified":"2018-08-03T15:02:48","modified_gmt":"2018-08-03T07:02:48","slug":"%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e9%9c%8d%e7%88%be%e6%95%88%e6%87%89%ef%bc%88%e4%ba%8c%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a%e5%88%86%e6%95%b8%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e5%8c%96%e8%88%87-laughlin-%e6%b3%a2%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=25219","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7269\u7406\u4e16\u754c\u3011\u91cf\u5b50\u970d\u723e\u6548\u61c9\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u5206\u6578\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u8207 Laughlin \u6ce2\u51fd\u6578"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"figure
figure 1: \u5728\u6574\u6578\u970d\u723e\u6548\u61c9\u4e2d\u862d\u9053\u968e\u7684\u586b\u6eff\u72c0\u6cc1\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u9019\u500b\u5361\u901a\u4f86\u793a\u610f\u3002\u85cd\u8272\u8868\u793a\u6709\u4eba\u4f4f\u7684\u623f\u9593\uff0c\u7070\u767d\u8272\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u623f\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u5728\u7701\u7565\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u6642\uff0c\u4f9d\u820a\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u50cf\u70ba\u4f55\u96fb\u5b50\u5011\u5f62\u6210\u5747\u52fb\u6d41\u9ad4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6574\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u70ba\u4f55\u662f\u500b\u7d55\u7de3\u9ad4\uff08\u5f9e\u6240\u8b02\u6574\u500b\u584a\u6750\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff09\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u856d\u7dad\u7ff0<\/p>\n

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\"figure
figure 2: \u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u90e8\u5206\u586b\u6eff\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f9d\u820a\u6c92\u6709\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5247\u5de6\u53f3\u5169\u500b\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u7e3d\u80fd\u91cf\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6c92\u6709\u898f\u5247\u53bb\u6307\u5c0e\u9019\u4e9b\u96fb\u5b50\u8981\u600e\u9ebc\u5206\u4f48\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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\u4e0d\u904e\u7269\u7406\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b62\u6b65\u65bc\u8aaa\u8aaa\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u5728\u5169\u6bb5\u4e4b\u524d\u6211\u5011\u63d0\u51fa\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e00\u6bb5\u767c\u60f3\u51fa\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u5c31\u8a72\u52d5\u624b\u505a\u9ad2\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u505a\u8a08\u7b97\u53bb\u770b\u770b\u9019\u500b\u9ede\u5b50\u767c\u63ee\u5f97\u600e\u9ebc\u6a23\u4e86\u3002\u8981\u9032\u884c\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\u9700\u8981\u6709\u9019\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6ce2\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u591a\u500b\u96fb\u5b50\u4fb7\u9650\u5728\u6700\u4f4e\u862d\u9053\u968e\u7684\u6ce2\u51fd\u6578\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5176\u5be6\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u90fd\u4e0d\u7b97\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u89e3\u7b54\u3002R. Laughlin \u5728 1982 \u5e74\u9996\u5148\u89e3\u4e86 2 \u500b\u548c 3 \u500b\u96fb\u5b50\u859b\u4e01\u683c\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u4e4b\u5f8c\u5c07\u7d50\u679c\u63a8\u5ee3\u5230\u591a\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1[4]<\/a>\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u500b\u6240\u8b02 Laughlin \u6ce2\u51fd\u6578\uff08Laughlin wave function\uff09\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u5eab\u4f96\u554f\u984c\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6578\u503c\u65b9\u9762\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u6975\u5927\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5728\u96fb\u8166\u4e0a\u8207\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6ce2\u51fd\u6578\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e26\u770b\u5230\u80fd\u968e\u5dee\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u8c54\u7684\u662f Laughlin \u5229\u7528\u6578\u5b78\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u985e\u6bd4\uff0c\u5c07\u5229\u7528\u6b64\u6ce2\u51fd\u6578\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u8f49\u63db\u6210\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u96fb\u6f3f\uff08one-component plasma \uff09\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9593\u63a5\u8aaa\u660e\u9019\u500b\u6ce2\u51fd\u6578\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u6d41\u9ad4\u5177\u6709\u5747\u52fb\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u85c9\u6b64\u8ad6\u8b49\u5206\u6578\u91cf\u5b50\u970d\u723e\u6548\u61c9\u4e2d\u7684\u6e96\u7c92\u5b50\uff08quasi-particle\uff09\u5e36\u6709\u5206\u6578\u96fb\u8377\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8aaa 1\/3 \u6216 1\/5 \u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u96fb\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e36\u7d66\u4e86 Laughlin 1998 \u5e74\u7684\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\uff0c\u4f46\u9084\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u4ed6\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u91cb 2\/5\u30013\/7 \u9019\u4e9b\u5206\u6578\uff0c\u4e5f\u7559\u7d66\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u9ad8\u624b\u5927\u9cf4\u5927\u653e\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. B. Laughlin, Fractional Quantization<\/em>, Nobel lecture.<\/li>\n
  2. B. Laughlin, Quantized motion of three two-dimensional electrons in a strong magnetic field<\/em>, Phys. Rev. B 27<\/strong>, 3383 (1983).<\/li>\n
  3. B. Laughlin, Anomalous Quantum Hall Effect: An Incompressible Quantum Fluid with Fractionally Charged Excitations<\/em>, Phys. Rev. Lett. 50<\/strong>, 1395 (1983).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    [1]<\/a> \u5be6\u9a57\u4e0a\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u525b\u525b\u597d\u300c\u4f4f\u6eff\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5f37\u8abf\u6211\u6c92\u6709\u89e3\u91cb\u6240\u6709\u7269\u7406\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

    [2]<\/a> \u539f\u5247\u4e0a\u862d\u9053\u968e\u6307\u7684\u662f\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0a\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u8ddf\u6ce2\u51fd\u6578\u3001\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u5206\u4f48\u6c92\u6709\u7d55\u5c0d\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4f46\u525b\u597d\u5728\u9019\u500b\u862d\u9053\u554f\u984c\u88e1\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u6750\u6599\u5728\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\u88ab\u5340\u5206\u6210\u5f88\u591a\u500b\u5c0f\u623f\u9593\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u623f\u9593\u90fd\u6709\u5169\u500b\u865f\u78bc\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u6a13\u5c64\u6578\uff08\u862d\u9053\u968e\u6578\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u623f\u865f\uff08\u52d5\u91cf\u6216\u89d2\u52d5\u91cf\u91cf\u5b50\u6578\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

    [3]<\/a> \u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u6211\u5011\u89e3\u6790\u539f\u5b50\u4e5f\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u958b\u59cb\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9ad8\u4e2d\u5316\u5b78\u624d\u6703\u6709\u4e00\u5806\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0a\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u8ddf\u4f8b\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n

    [4]<\/a> \u767d\u8a71\u4e00\u9ede\u5c31\u662f\u731c\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u9019\u5728\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u592a\u5c11\u898b\u7684\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u9ad8\u624b\u624d\u731c\u5f97\u5230\u597d\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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