{"id":25191,"date":"2016-08-11T00:10:35","date_gmt":"2016-08-10T16:10:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=25191"},"modified":"2018-07-13T00:14:18","modified_gmt":"2018-07-12T16:14:18","slug":"%e3%80%90%e8%80%83%e5%8f%a4%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e3%80%91%e8%be%b2%e6%a5%ad%e5%8f%af%e8%83%bd%e8%b5%b7%e6%ba%90%e6%96%bc%e5%85%a9%e8%90%ac%e4%b8%89%e5%8d%83%e5%b9%b4%e5%89%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=25191","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u8003\u53e4\u7814\u7a76\u3011\u8fb2\u696d\u53ef\u80fd\u8d77\u6e90\u65bc\u5169\u842c\u4e09\u5343\u5e74\u524d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u25a0\u4eba\u985e\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6642\u5019\u958b\u59cb\u5b78\u6703\u7a2e\u7530\u7684\uff1f\u904e\u53bb\u8003\u53e4\u5b78\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u8aaa\u662f\u4e00\u842c\u5169\u5343\u5e74\u524d\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u52a0\u5229\u5229\u6d77\u6ff1\uff08Sea of Galilee\uff09\u7684\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u628a\u9019\u500b\u6642\u9593\u5f80\u524d\u63a8\u500b\u4e00\u842c\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Ohalo
Ohalo II\u5c55\u89bd\u7167\u3002\u00a9Hecht Museum<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u8449\u7da0\u8212<\/p>\n

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\u25cf\u300c\u99b4\u5316\u75c7\u5019\u7fa4\u300d\uff1f
\n<\/strong><\/span>\u5728\u907a\u8de1\u767c\u73fe\u690d\u7269\u7684\u7a2e\u5b50\/\u679c\u5be6\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u53e4\u4eba\u7684\u78ba\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u7a2e\u7530\uff0c\u9802\u591a\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ed6\u5011\u6703\u628a\u7a2e\u5b50\/\u679c\u5be6\u5e36\u56de\u5c45\u4f4f\u5730\u98df\u7528\u6216\u4fdd\u5b58\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5728\u907a\u8de1\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u7a2e\u5b50\/\u679c\u5be6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u578b\u614b\u8207\u91ce\u751f\u7a2e\u6709\u5225\uff0c\u9019\u7576\u7136\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u8457\uff0c\u4f4f\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u5011\u904e\u8457\u8fb2\u8015\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u99b4\u5316\u75c7\u5019\u7fa4\u300d\uff08domestication syndrome\uff09\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u6216\u6f5b\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u52d5\/\u690d\u7269\u5728\u88ab\u4eba\u985e\u99b4\u5316\u5f8c\uff0c\u578b\u614b\u6703\u7522\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\uff1a\u5982\u690d\u7269\u53ef\u98df\u7684\u90e8\u4f4d\uff08\u679c\u5be6\u3001\u8449\u7247\u6216\u6839\/\u584a\u8396\uff09\u8b8a\u5927\u3001\u52d5\u7269\u5247\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u9ad4\u578b\u8b8a\u5c0f\u4ee5\u9069\u61c9\u5708\u990a\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u614b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n<\/strong><\/span>\u662f\u7684\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u8fb2\u592b\u5011\u63d0\u5230\u96dc\u8349\u7121\u4e0d\u6068\u5f97\u7259\u7662\u7662\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u8fb2\u592b\u6b32\u9664\u4e4b\u800c\u5f8c\u5feb\u7684\u6709\u5bb3\u690d\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8fb2\u8015\u884c\u70ba\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ddf\u8fb2\u4f5c\u7269\u4e00\u8d77\u6f14\u5316\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u25cfOhalo II<\/strong>\u7684\u767c\u73fe
\n<\/strong><\/span>\u5728\u9019\u7bc7\u7814\u7a76\u88e1\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u5011\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4f4d\u65bc\u52a0\u5229\u5229\u6d77\u6ff1\u7684Ohalo II\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5340\u57df\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u88ab\u6c34\u6df9\u6c92\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u9023\u7e8c\u5e7e\u5e74\u7684\u4e7e\u65f1\u4f7f\u5f97\u6e56\u6c34\u5927\u5e45\u4e0b\u964d\u5f8c\uff0c\u624d\u57281989\u5e74\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\u3002\u6b77\u7d93\u516d\u500b\u5b63\u7bc0\u7684\u6316\u6398\uff081989-1991\uff0c1998-2001\uff09\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u5728\u7576\u5730\u627e\u5230\u516d\u9593\u5c0f\u5c4b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u56db\u9593\u975e\u5e38\u4ed4\u7d30\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u904e\u3002<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\"Illustration_Lolium_temulentum0\"\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u690d\u7269\u662f\u7530\u88e1\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u96dc\u8349\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6bd2\u9ea5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7d50\u679c\u524d\u7684\u578b\u614b\u8207\u5c0f\u9ea5\u6975\u70ba\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u5047\u9ea5\u300d\uff08false wheat\uff09\u3002\u8fb2\u592b\u5011\u5c0d\u5b83\u6df1\u60e1\u75db\u7d55\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7576\u5b83\u88abNeotyphodium<\/em>\u5c6c\u7684\u771f\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\u5f8c\uff0c\u679c\u5be6\u6703\u7522\u751f\u751f\u7269\u9e7c\uff08loline alkaloid\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8aa4\u98df\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e2d\u6bd2\uff0c\u56b4\u91cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u81f4\u547d\uff01\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u6536\u7a6b\u524d\u5fc5\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5225\u7559\u610f\u5c07\u5b83\u62d4\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\"\u91ce\u751f\u7a2e\u8207\u99b4\u5316\u7a2e\u7684\u7a57\u8ef8\u3002
\u91ce\u751f\u7a2e\u8207\u99b4\u5316\u7a2e\u7684\u7a57\u8ef8\u3002
\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aPlant Physiology and Development, 6th ed.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u5728\u99b4\u5316\u690d\u7269\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u5730\u9078\u64c7\u4e86\u4e0d\u6703\u843d\u679c\u7684\u7a81\u8b8a\u7a2e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u91ce\u751f\u7a2e\u79be\u672c\u79d1\u690d\u7269\uff0c\u5728\u679c\u5be6\u6210\u719f\u5f8c\u5c31\u6703\u81ea\u7136\u6389\u843d\u3002\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u7a57\u8ef8\u4e0a\u6709\u7531\u8584\u58c1\u7d30\u80de\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u96e2\u5c64\uff08abscission zone\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u679c\u5be6\u6210\u719f\u5f8c\u5c31\u6703\u81ea\u7136\u8870\u8001\u840e\u7e2e\uff0c\u8b93\u679c\u5be6\u6389\u843d\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u50b3\u64ad\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6703\u843d\u679c\u7684\u54c1\u7a2e\u4e0d\u5229\u65bc\u6536\u7a6b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u99b4\u5316\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u7559\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u624b\u4e2d\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u843d\u679c\u7684\u54c1\u7cfb\u3002\u4e0d\u6703\u843d\u679c\u7576\u7136\u5728\u6536\u7a6b\u5f8c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u628a\u7a2e\u5b50\u7531\u7a57\u8ef8\u4e0a\u300c\u6253\u300d\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u6703\u4f7f\u5f97\u7a57\u8ef8\u51fa\u73fe\u7c97\u7cd9\u7684\u65b7\u88c2\u75d5\u8de1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u8a8d\u5b9a\u662f\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5728\u907a\u5740\u627e\u5230\u7684\u8fb2\u4f5c\u7269\u6709\u5341\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u51fa\u73fe\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5c31\u627f\u8a8d\u9019\u4e9b\u690d\u7269\u5df2\u88ab\u99b4\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728Ohalo II\u627e\u5230\u7684\u5927\u9ea5\u8207\u4e8c\u7c92\u9ea5\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u7684\u78ba\u662f\u99b4\u5316\u7684\u54c1\u7cfb\u7121\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7d9c\u5408\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u5728\u7576\u5730\u5c0f\u5c4b\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u71e7\u77f3\u88fd\u6210\u7684\u942e\u5200\uff0c\u5728\u5728\u90fd\u986f\u793a\u4e86\uff0cOhalo II\u7684\u78ba\u6709\u8fb2\u696d\u884c\u70ba\uff1b\u800c\u99b4\u5316\u54c1\u7cfb\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c07\u8fb2\u696d\u8d77\u6e90\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5f80\u524d\u63a8\u4e86\u4e00\u842c\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\uff01<\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\uff1a<\/strong>
\n1. Snir A, Nadel D, Groman-Yaroslavski I, Melamed Y, Sternberg M, Bar-Yosef O, et al. (2015) The Origin of Cultivation and Proto-Weeds, Long Before Neolithic Farming. PLoS ONE 10(7): e0131422. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0131422
\n2. Plant Physiology and Development, Sixth Edition by Lincoln Taiz, Eduardo Zeiger, Ian M. M\u00f8ller, and Angus Murphy, published by Sinauer Associates<\/p>\n

\u00a0--<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u8449\u7da0\u8212\u3000\u6148\u6fdf\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7279\u7d04\u5beb\u624b\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\u5beb\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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