{"id":24677,"date":"2016-05-25T00:50:31","date_gmt":"2016-05-24T16:50:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=24677"},"modified":"2018-08-03T14:37:53","modified_gmt":"2018-08-03T06:37:53","slug":"%e3%80%90%e6%8e%a2%e7%b4%a215-5%e3%80%91%e8%9e%a2%e7%81%ab%e8%9f%b2%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b8%e5%ad%b8%e7%bf%92%e9%a1%8c%ef%bc%9a%e5%90%8c%e6%ad%a5%e7%8f%be%e8%b1%a1%e7%9a%84%e9%81%8e%e5%8e%bb%e3%80%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=24677","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u63a2\u7d2215-5\u3011\u87a2\u706b\u87f2\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u7fd2\u984c\uff1a\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u904e\u53bb\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u3001\u672a\u4f86"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_24682\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-24682\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-24682\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/15-5-icools@flickr.com_.jpg\" alt=\"icools@flickr.com\" width=\"650\" height=\"435\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/15-5-icools@flickr.com_.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/15-5-icools@flickr.com_-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/15-5-icools@flickr.com_-800x535.jpg 800w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/15-5-icools@flickr.com_-600x401.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-24682\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a9icools@flickr.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u8b1b\u5e2b\uff5c<\/strong>\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u5b78\u61c9\u7528\u6578\u5b78\u7cfb \u838a\u91cd\u6559\u6388<strong><br \/>\n\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u6c88\u541b\u5b9c<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">\u25cf\u300c\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u300d\u6709\u591a\u71b1\u9580\uff1f\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong>\u5728Google Search\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u5b57 \u201cthe\u201d \u53ef\u4ee5\u898b\u5230 <span class='MathJax_Preview'><img src='https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/latex\/cache\/tex_c7e4ba6c185268a56f762b2cbfd8b53e.gif' style='vertical-align: middle; border: none; padding-bottom:2px;' class='tex' alt=\"\" \/><\/span><script type='math\/tex'><\/script> \u6578\u91cf\u7d1a\u500b\u689d\u76ee\uff1bsynchronization \uff08\u540c\u6b65\uff09\u9019\u500b\u5b57\uff0c\u7adf\u7136\u4e5f\u6709 <span class='MathJax_Preview'><img src='https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/latex\/cache\/tex_c390b1a9323958af38345db5d5b64fb1.gif' style='vertical-align: middle; border: none; padding-bottom:2px;' class='tex' alt=\"\" \/><\/span><script type='math\/tex'><\/script> \u689d\uff0c\u548c quantum mechanics\uff08\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\uff09\u53ca\u77e5\u540d\u7403\u661fStephen Curry \u4f4d\u5217\u540c\u7b49\u7d1a\uff1b\u751a\u81f3 general relativity\uff08\u5ee3\u7fa9\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\uff09\u548c Jeremy Lin\uff08\u6797\u66f8\u8c6a\uff09\u90fd\u5f97\u7518\u62dc\u4e0b\u98a8\u3002\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u6b64\u773e\u6240\u77da\u76ee\uff0c\u4e0d\u96e3\u60f3\u50cf\u5b83\u662f\u8de8\u9818\u57df\u3001\u8de8\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u3002\u8209\u51e1\u6578\u5b78\u3001\u7269\u7406\u3001\u5316\u5b78\u3001\u751f\u7269\u3001\u5929\u6587\u7b49\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u5de5\u7a0b\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5b78\uff0c\u90fd\u5c11\u4e0d\u4e86\u5b83\u53c3\u4e00\u8173\uff1b\u5c3a\u5ea6\u66f4\u662f\u6a6b\u8de8\u5948\u7c73\u5230\u5929\u9ad4\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u901a\u5403\u3002 \u201cPervasive, ubiquitous, and omnipresent.\u201d \u6070\u53ef\u70ba\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u4e0b\u8a3b\u8173\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\uff0c\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u5beb\u4e0b\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u81ea\u4e5f\u4f54\u6709\u4e00\u5e2d\u4e4b\u5730\u30022000\u5e74\u5b8c\u5de5\u958b\u653e\u7684\u502b\u6566\u5343\u79a7\u6a4b\uff08Millenium Bridge\uff09\uff0c\u6155\u540d\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u4eba\u6f6e\u773e\u591a\uff1b\u5176\u6c34\u5e73\u983b\u7387\u8207\u53c3\u89c0\u4eba\u6f6e\u884c\u8d70\u983b\u7387\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff\u3001\u52a0\u6210\uff0c\u6240\u5c0e\u81f4\u5287\u70c8\u6416\u6643\u4f7f\u5b83\u88ab\u8feb\u95dc\u9589\u3002\u5927\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u6bd4\u5982\u592a\u967d\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5c0f\u884c\u661f\u5e36\u7684\u91cd\u529b\u540c\u6b65\u2014\u2014\u5c0d\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\u4f3c\u4e4e\u9059\u4e0d\u53ef\u53ca\uff0c\u4f46\u4e2d\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u60f3\u5fc5\u8033\u719f\u80fd\u8a73\uff1a\u87a2\u706b\u87f2\u3001\u9418\u64fa\u3001\u9ce5\u3001\u87cb\u87c0\u3001\u96fb\u529b\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5973\u751f\u5ba4\u53cb\u7d93\u671f\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u50cf\u662f\u5fc3\u808c\u7bc0\u5f8b\u7d30\u80de\uff08pacemaker cells, p-cells\uff09\u3001\u8166\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u3001\u751f\u7406\u7bc0\u5f8b\u7d30\u80de\uff08circadian cells\uff09\u3001\u96fb\u5b50\uff0c\u53c8\u628a\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u64f4\u5c55\u5230\u4e86\u7d30\u5fae\u8655\u3002\u8166\u90e8\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u8a8d\u77e5\u8a18\u61b6\uff0c\u8207\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u90fd\u812b\u4e0d\u4e86\u5e72\u4fc2\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u8a18\u61b6\u65b0\u4e8b\u7269\u6642\uff0c\u7279\u5b9a\u8166\u5340\u6703\u6210\u540c\u6b65\u72c0\u614b\uff1b\u82e5\u662f\u81ea\u89ba\u5065\u5fd8\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u602a\u7f6a\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u5931\u8abf\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u5343\u4e16\u754c\u7531\u5404\u7a2e\u751f\u7269\u548c\u7121\u751f\u7269\u6240\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u5169\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u5747\u672a\u7f3a\u5e2d\u3002\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u5b58\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u300c\u632f\u76ea\u5668\uff08oscillators\uff09\u300d\uff0c\u8209\u51e1\u4e00\u96bb\u8774\u8776\u3001\u4e00\u500b\u7bc0\u5f8b\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a31\u4f5c\u4e00\u300c\u632f\u76ea\u5668\u300d\u3002\u770b\u4f3c\u5f7c\u6b64\u70ba\u7368\u7acb\u500b\u9ad4\uff0c\u4f46\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u5b58\u5728\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u8b93\u5b83\u5011\u5f97\u4ee5\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u8ac7\u3002\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u9054\u5230\u548c\u8ae7\u3001\u540c\u5fc3\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u4e86\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\uff0c\u65e9\u5728\u5169\u5343\u5e74\u524d\uff08400 B.C.\uff09\u5c31\u6709\u8ddf\u96a8\u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5927\u5927\u5e1d\u5357\u5f81\u5317\u8a0e\u7684\u90e8\u5c6c Adrosthenes \u8a18\u8f09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u4e0a\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u7d00\u9304\uff0c\u5247\u8981\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u897f\u51431665\u5e74\u7684\u60e0\u66f4\u65af\u3002\u7576\u6642\u7684\u8a08\u6642\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u53ef\u4ee5\u6162\u4e0a15\u5206\u9418\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u505a\u7684\u64fa\u9418\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5e7e\u767e\u500d\u7684\u8a08\u6642\u7cbe\u6e96\u5ea6\u3002\u6642\u503c\u822a\u6d77\u6642\u4ee3\u4e4b\u59cb\uff0c\u672c\u4f86\u4eba\u5011\u671f\u5f85\u4ee5\u6e96\u78ba\u7684\u8a08\u6642\u5668\u5354\u52a9\u7d93\u5ea6\u5283\u5206\uff0c\u53ef\u60dc\u6700\u5f8c\u5728\u98a8\u6d6a\u985b\u7c38\u4e2d\uff0c\u64fa\u9418\u672a\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52d9\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u60e0\u66f4\u65af\u4f11\u606f\u6642\u770b\u898b\u639b\u5728\u7246\u4e0a\u7684\u5169\u64fa\u9418\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u76f8\u4f4d\u76f8\u5dee180\u5ea6\uff08\u65b9\u5411\u76f8\u53cd\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\uff09\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u64fa\u52d5\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u4e0d\u8ad6\u60e0\u66f4\u65af\u5982\u4f55\u5be6\u9a57\u3001\u64a5\u4e82\u64fa\u9418\u3001\u6539\u8b8a\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u639b\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u9762\u7246\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u90fd\u80fd\u56de\u5230\u540c\u6b65\u3002\u4ed6\u5c07\u6b64\u4e8b\u65bc\u66f8\u4fe1\u4e2d\u8207\u7236\u89aa\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u300c\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u300d\u4e5f\u56e0\u800c\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u4e0a\u7559\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">\u25cf\u87a2\u706b\u87f2\u7684\u555f\u793a<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>\u751f\u7269\u754c\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u7576\u5c6c\u87a2\u706b\u87f2\u6210\u540d\u6700\u65e9\u30021915~1935\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u300c\u79d1\u5b78\uff08Science\uff09\u300d\u671f\u520a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5171\u670921\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\u4ee5\u6b64\u70ba\u4e3b\u984c\u3002\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u5de7\u5408\u3001\u662f\u74b0\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u87f2\u7fa4\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u300c\u9818\u5c0e\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u773e\u300c\u87f2\u300d\u552f\u7260\u662f\u5f9e\uff1f\u76f4\u52301960\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u6f38\u8da8\u6210\u719f\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e00\u87a2\u706b\u87f2\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u5167\u5728\u7684\u983b\u7387\u3001\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9031\u671f\u8207\u5faa\u74b0\uff1b\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u96bb\u87a2\u706b\u87f2\u4e5f\u90fd\u6703\u6839\u64da\u5925\u4f34\u7684\u983b\u7387\u505a\u8abf\u6574\u3002\u4f46\u5c0d\u65bc\u96c4\u87f2\u540c\u6b65\u767c\u5149\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u6c42\u5076\u3001\u7af6\u722d\u3001\u5408\u4f5c\u7b49\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u773e\u8aaa\u7d1b\u7d1c\u3002\u9019\u500b\u8a71\u984c\u7d05\u6975\u4e00\u6642\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u66fe\u906d\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u773e\u8b70\u9662\u8b70\u54e1\u6279\u8a55\uff1a\u300c\u82b1\u7d0d\u7a05\u4eba\u7684\u9322\u7814\u7a76\u87a2\u706b\u87f2\u767c\u5149\uff0c\u7c21\u76f4\u6d6a\u8cbb\u516c\u5e11\uff01\u300d\u8ab0\u77e5\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u9019\u770b\u4f3c\u7121\u7528\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u537b\u795e\u5947\u5730\u6709\u4e86\u61c9\u7528\u4e4b\u8655\u2014\u2014\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff08routers\uff09\u7684\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u4f7f\u8cc7\u8a0a\u50b3\u64ad\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u963b\u7919\uff1b\u7531\u87a2\u706b\u87f2\u8eab\u4e0a\u7fd2\u5f97\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u53ef\u63d0\u4f9b\u555f\u793a\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u6578\u5b78\u4e0a\uff0c\u300c\u7121\u7528\u4e4b\u7528\u300d\u5f80\u5f80\u6beb\u4e0d\u7559\u60c5\u7684\u300c\u6253\u81c9\u300d\u77ed\u8996\u8fd1\u5229\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7bc4\u7587\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc3\u81df\u7684\u7bc0\u5f8b\u7d30\u80de\uff08pacemaker cells, p-cells\uff09\u540c\u6a23\u5f15\u9818\u597d\u4e00\u9663\u5b50\u7684\u98a8\u9a37\u3002\u64c1\u6709\u6578\u5b78\u53ca\u751f\u7406\u91ab\u5b78\u96d9\u5b78\u4f4d\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b78\u9662\u58eb Charles Peskin\uff0c\u4ee5\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6558\u8ff0p-cells \u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5167\u5728\u6642\u9418\u53ca\u8207\u5468\u906d\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u6a5f\u5236\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u7d30\u80de\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u96fb\u58d3\u53ca\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u8de8\u8d8a\u95be\u503c\uff0c\u65cb\u5373\u77ac\u9593\u91cb\u653e\u80fd\u91cf\u5f8c\u6b78\u96f6\u3002\u800c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u300c\u5404\u73a9\u5404\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u77ac\u9593\u4e92\u52d5\u300d\u2014\u2014\u552f\u6709\u67d0\u4e9b\u7d30\u80de\u9054\u5230\u9580\u6abb\u653e\u96fb\u6642\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u9593\u624d\u7522\u751f\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u5f0f\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684T<sub>i <\/sub>\u8868\u793a\u8de8\u8d8a\u9580\u6abb\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0cw<sub>ij <\/sub>\u5247\u662f\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7d30\u80de\u3001\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u7d30\u80de\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-24678\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/15-5-1.png\" alt=\"15-5-1\" width=\"500\" height=\"158\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/15-5-1.png 778w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/15-5-1-300x94.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u770b\u4f3c\u5341\u5206\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u537b\u56e0\u70ba\u51fd\u6578\u4e0d\u9023\u7e8c\u800c\u8655\u7406\u4e0d\u6613\u3002\u65bc\u662fPeskin \u731c\u6e2c\uff1a\u4e00\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684p-cells \u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff08identical oscillators\uff09\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u5f7c\u6b64\u6709\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff08non-identical oscillators\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u8ad6\u54ea\u4e00\u7a2e\uff0c\u7686\u53ef\u4ee5\u9054\u5230\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u540c\u6b65\uff1b\u4e5f\u5206\u5225\u57281990\u5e74\u7531 Mirollo &amp; Strogatz \u30012008\u5e74\u7531\u838a\u91cd\u6559\u6388\u53ca\u5176\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u89e3\u984c\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u66f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5728\u5730\u9707\u7684\u6a21\u64ec\uff0c\u5c07\u677f\u584a\u7b49\u540c p-cells\u3001\u58d3\u529b\u985e\u6bd4\u96fb\u58d3\uff1b\u8d85\u904e\u80fd\u91cf\u95be\u503c\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e00\u677f\u584a\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u6703\u5f15\u767c\u53e6\u4e00\u677f\u584a\u7684\u97ff\u61c9\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\u5927\u5730\u9707\u5f8c\u7684\u9918\u9707\u4e0d\u65b7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63d0\u5230\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6f0f\u8ac7\u52e4\u596e\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6 Norbert Wiener \u7684\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u4e00\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u6e96\u5099\u642c\u5bb6\uff0c\u59bb\u5b50\u6df1\u8af3\u4ed6\u7684\u6027\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5c07\u65b0\u5bb6\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5beb\u5728\u7d19\u4e0a\u5099\u5fd8\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5230\u4e86\u4e0b\u73ed\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u90a3\u5f35\u5b57\u689d\u65e9\u5c31\u6210\u4e86 Wiener \u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u7d19\u3002\u4ed6\u5230\u4e86\u820a\u5bb6\u624d\u731b\u7136\u60f3\u8d77\u9019\u4e8b\uff0c\u6025\u5fd9\u6293\u4e86\u8def\u908a\u7684\u5c0f\u5973\u5b69\uff0c\u554f\uff1a\u300c\u4f60\u77e5\u9053 Wiener \u5148\u751f\u4e00\u5bb6\u7684\u65b0\u5730\u5740\u55ce\uff1f\u300d\u4e0d\u60f3\u5c0f\u5973\u5b69\u7b54\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u554a\uff0c\u7238\u7238\u3002\u300d\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f4d\u5ee2\u5be2\u5fd8\u98df\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c0d\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u6709\u89c0\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff1b\u4ed6\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u8655\u7406\u5de8\u91cf\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\u3001\u6307\u51fa\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ee5\u03b1\u6ce2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7559\u540d\u3002\u4ed6\u4e26\u63d0\u51fa\u5728\u4e00\u6027\u8cea\u7684\u5206\u4f48\u4e0a\uff0c\u300c\u4e2d\u9593\u300d\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u662f\u6700\u70ba\u5f37\u5927\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c07\u9010\u6b65\u7d2f\u7a4d\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u6642\u503c\u5b78\u751fArt Winfree \u521d\u5165\u5927\u5b78\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c07Wiener \u6b64\u4e00\u60f3\u6cd5\u5316\u70ba\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8207\u4f4d\u7f6e\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u300c\u53eb\u8207\u807d\u300d\u7684\u51fd\u6578\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e00\u9805\u5927\u65bc\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9805\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u300c\u53eb\u300d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9805\u589e\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u5247\u300c\u53eb\u300d\u5b83\u6e1b\u901f\u3002\u6b64\u6a21\u578b\u56e0\u70ba\u904e\u65bc\u8907\u96dc\u4e14\u975e\u7dda\u6027\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4ef0\u8cf4\u96fb\u8166\u5e6b\u5fd9\u904b\u7b97\u4e86\u3002Winfree \u4e26\u5728\u601d\u8003\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u540c\u6b65\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u9054\u6210\uff0c\u8207\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u300c\u5747\u52fb\u5ea6\u300d\u76f8\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-24679\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/15-5-2.png\" alt=\"15-5-2\" width=\"517\" height=\"407\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/15-5-2.png 517w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/15-5-2-300x236.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 517px) 100vw, 517px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Winfree \u56fa\u7136\u5929\u624d\u7121\u6bd4\uff0c\u5176\u6a21\u578b\u4ecd\u5acc\u7e41\u8907\uff1bYokishi Kuramoto \u5247\u77ef\u6b63\u4e86\u6b64\u4e00\u7f3a\u9ede\u3002\u4ed6\u5c07 Winfree \u7684\u53eb\u807d\u51fd\u6578\u6539\u6210\u300c\u770b\u300d\u7684\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u6539\u70ba\u8207\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7121\u95dc\uff0c\u4e26\u589e\u52a0\u5c0d\u7a31\u6027\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u770b\u300d\uff0c\u6307\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u632f\u76ea\u5668\u8a08\u7b97\u8207\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u52a0\u4ee5\u5e73\u5747\u5f8c\u4f5c\u70ba\u77ef\u6b63\u4e4b\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u77ef\u6b63\u96a8\u6642\u9032\u884c\u8457\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u632f\u76ea\u5668\u4e5f\u90fd\u53c3\u8207\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u7d93\u904e\u9019\u500b\u5de7\u5999\u8f49\u63db\uff0c\u7406\u8ad6\u5206\u6790\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\uff0cWiener \u8207Winfree \u4e9f\u6b32\u89c0\u5bdf\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u4e5f\u5f97\u4ee5\u5c55\u73fe\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c1973\u5e74\u7684\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5f97\u4e3bBrian Josephson \u89c0\u5bdf\u300c\u91cf\u5b50\u540c\u6b65\u300d\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff1a\u5c07\u4e0a\u5146\u500b\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u5eab\u67cf\u5076\uff08Cooper pair\uff09\u96fb\u5b50\u901a\u904e\u7d55\u7de3\u9023\u63a5\u677f\u800c\u7522\u751f\u8d85\u5c0e\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5c3a\u5ea6\u76f8\u5dee\u751a\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u8207\u9418\u64fa\u7684\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u537b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7c21\u55ae\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u6578\u5b78\u5728\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u4e0a\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u81f3\u6b64\u5df2\u7121\u5eb8\u7f6e\u7591\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u9769\u547d\u5c1a\u672a\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u540c\u6b65\u4ecd\u9700\u52aa\u529b<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n\u81f3\u65bc\u7576\u7d05\u8a71\u984c\u300c\u6df7\u6c8c\u300d\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u53ef\u540c\u6b65\uff1f\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6Pecora \u4ee5\u6b64\u70ba\u58ef\u5fd7\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u300c\u4ee5\u6df7\u6c8c\u5236\u6df7\u6c8c\u300d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7d42\u65bc\u6210\u529f\u3002Satake \u8207 Iwasa \u300c\u68ee\u6797\u8207\u958b\u82b1\u7684\u6a39\u300d\u66f4\u8ac7\u5230\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u6df7\u6c8c\u8207\u540c\u6b65\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4e00\u68f5\u6a39\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u751f\u7406\u6642\u9418\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5373\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u9031\u671f\u3001\u4ea6\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u70ba\u6df7\u6c8c\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u96e2\u6563\u578b\u7684\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u7576\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e0d\u9023\u7e8c\u7684\u55ae\u4e00\u6642\u9593\u9ede\uff1b\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u5247\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e0d\u5e73\u6ed1\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u6578\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u96e3\u984c\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u88ab\u666e\u7f85\u5927\u773e\u8a6c\u75c5\u812b\u96e2\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u4f46\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u8fd1\u5e74\u5df2\u7136\u8d85\u812b\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u4e4b\u7f8e\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u6a02\u8da3\uff0c\u5728\u8af8\u591a\u9818\u57df\u7686\u6709\u4f73\u7e3e\u2014\u2014\u5e38\u898b\u7684GPS\u3001\u96f7\u5c04\u3001\u91ab\u7642\u4e0a\u4ee4\u4eba\u982d\u75bc\u7684\u7672\u7647\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6a5f\u7ffc\u7684\u88c2\u7e2b\u8207\u5730\u5e95\u7684\u77f3\u6cb9\u3002\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u4e5f\u63a8\u51fa\u53ef\u52a0\u5bc6\u901a\u8a0a\u8a0a\u865f\u7684\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u88fd\u9020\u51fa\u597d\u7528\u7684\u6df7\u6c8c\uff0c\u4e26\u901a\u904e\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u4e82\u6578\u6aa2\u9a57\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u773e\u591a\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u9f4a\u5fc3\u5354\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u8207\u6a21\u64ec\u582a\u7a31\u5927\u6709\u9032\u5c55\u3002\u5927\u696d\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u55ce\uff1f\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u6578\u5b78\u4e0a\u53ef\u8b49\u660e\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u5c1a\u672a\u7d93\u904e\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u6839\u672c\u554f\u984c\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u53ef\u5426\u8df3\u812b\u81ea\u7136\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u8d70\u5165\u793e\u6703\uff1f\u8003\u91cf\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u932f\u7d9c\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u53c8\u662f\u6f2b\u6f2b\u9577\u8def\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">--<br \/>\n\u672c\u6587\u6574\u7406\u81ea\uff1a105\/5\/14\u00a0<\/strong><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7531\u838a\u91cd\u6559\u6388\u5728\u81fa\u5927\u601d\u4eae\u9928\u570b\u969b\u6703\u8b70\u5ef3\u6240\u4e3b\u8b1b\u4e4b\u300c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=RCNU_ebEx8k\" target=\"_blank\">\u540c\u6b65\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u61c9\u7528<\/a>\u300d\u6f14\u8b1b\u5167\u5bb9\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8b1b\u5e2b\uff5c\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u5b78\u61c9\u7528\u6578\u5b78\u7cfb \u838a\u91cd\u6559\u6388 \u64b0\u6587<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":24682,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,2413],"tags":[2585,2587,2586,2414,2474,2421,1244],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/15-5-icools@flickr.com_.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24677"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24677"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24677\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32542,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24677\/revisions\/32542"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/24682"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24677"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24677"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24677"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}