{"id":24634,"date":"2016-05-23T00:59:36","date_gmt":"2016-05-22T16:59:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=24634"},"modified":"2018-08-03T14:38:10","modified_gmt":"2018-08-03T06:38:10","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c%e3%80%91%e7%a9%b6%e7%ab%9f%e6%9c%89%e5%a4%9a%e3%80%8c%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e3%80%8d%ef%bc%9f%e7%b0%a1%e4%bb%8b%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e5%a4%b1%e8%ab%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=24634","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7269\u7406\u4e16\u754c\u3011\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u591a\u300c\u91cf\u5b50\u300d\uff1f\u7c21\u4ecb\u91cf\u5b50\u5931\u8ae7"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>\u25a0\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u500b\u6578\u5b57\u8aaa\u660e\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\u6709\u591a\u300c\u91cf\u5b50\u300d\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_24635\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-24635\" style=\"width: 470px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-24635\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/figure1.jpg\" alt=\"Photo credit: Mile Gu, the Quantum and Complexity Sciences Initiative, quantumcomplexity.org\" width=\"470\" height=\"265\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/figure1.jpg 485w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/figure1-300x168.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 470px) 100vw, 470px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-24635\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo credit: Mile Gu, the Quantum and Complexity Sciences Initiative, quantumcomplexity.org<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u856d\u7dad\u7ff0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u6388 Sidney Coleman \u66fe\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4eba\u5011\u6703\u89ba\u5f97\u91cf\u5b50\u73fe\u8c61\u5f88\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5927\u5bb6\u7e3d\u662f\u559c\u6b61\u7528\u53e4\u5178\u7269\u7406\u53bb\u601d\u8003\u91cf\u5b50\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u300d\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u597d\u50cf\u4e0d\u80fd\u602a\u7f6a\u5927\u5bb6\uff0c\u7562\u7adf Coleman \u4e5f\u66fe\u5728\u8ab2\u5802\u4e0a\u8aaa\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\u9ede\u5728\u65bc\uff1a\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u53e4\u5178\u7269\u7406\u4e2d\u5df2\u88ab\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u4f8b\u984c\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u6240\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7d71\u4f9d\u820a\u662f\u592a\u7a00\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7684\u4eba\u4f9d\u820a\u6703\u4e0b\u610f\u8b58\u5730\u5340\u5206\u300c\u91cf\u5b50\u300d\u8207\u300c\u53e4\u5178\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u7684\u78ba\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u592a\u300c\u53e4\u5178\u300d\u4e86\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u884d\u751f\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u500b\u6578\u5b57\u8aaa\u660e\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\u6709\u591a\u300c\u91cf\u5b50\u300d\u5462\uff1f<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u7a2e\u6578\u5b57\u60f3\u7576\u7136\u5f97\u5f9e\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u7368\u6709\u7684\u7279\u6027\u8a08\u7b97\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5ee3\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfe\u7e8f\uff08quantum entanglement\uff09\uff1a\u7cfe\u7e8f\u614b\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5047\u82e5\u6211\u5011\u6709\u5169\u500b\u96fb\u5b50\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5e36\u8457\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u5e36\u8457\u5411\u4e0b\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u539f\u7406\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u77e5\u9053\u8ab0\u81ea\u65cb\u5411\u4e0a\u6216\u81ea\u65cb\u5411\u4e0b\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u65cb\u5411\u4e0a\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u65cb\u5411\u4e0b\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6700\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u7684\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7cfe\u7e8f\u614b\u3002\u7cfe\u7e8f\u614b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8b93 A. Einstein \u3001B. Poldosky \u8207 N. Rosen \u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u6240\u8b02\u7684 EPR \u6096\u8ad6\u7684\u8ad6\u8b49\u3002\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8aaa\u662f\u7cfe\u7e8f\u5462\uff1f\u82e5\u6211\u5011\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u88fd\u9020\u51fa\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u5c0d\uff0c\u4f60\u597d\u50cf\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u89c0\u5bdf\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u9019\u5169\u500b\u96fb\u5b50\u662f\u653e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u9593\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5728\u5730\u7403\u7684\u5169\u7aef\u3002\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\uff0c\u7cfe\u7e8f\u73fe\u8c61\u4ea6\u88ab\u4f5c\u70ba\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5132\u5b58\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6191\u85c9\u5169\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u9593\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfe\u7e8f\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u300c\u91cf\u5b50\u7a0b\u5ea6\u300d\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u7cfe\u7e8f\u7684\u6e90\u982d\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u758a\u52a0\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u9084\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u554f\u984c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u8a08\u7b97\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u52d5\u91cf\u9019\u4e9b\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u50cf\u662f\u5728\u505a\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u7684\u77e9\u9663\u4e58\u6cd5\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u539f\u7406\uff08 uncertainty principle \uff09\uff0c\u6216\u6e2c\u4e0d\u6e96\u539f\u7406\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6027\u8cea\u662f\u8ddf\u4e0a\u9762\u758a\u52a0\u539f\u7406\u6c92\u6709\u6df5\u6e90\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u82e5\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u6e2c\u91cf\u300c\u91cf\u5b50\u7a0b\u5ea6\u300d\u7684\u91cf\u61c9\u8a72\u4e5f\u8981\u53cd\u6620\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u5c31\u9019\u500b\u689d\u4ef6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u300c\u7cfe\u7e8f\u300d\u7a0b\u5ea6\u597d\u50cf\u53c8\u6c92\u6709\u90a3\u9ebc\u5408\u9069\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 2000 \u5e74\u9644\u8fd1\uff0cHarold Ollivier, Wojciech H. Zurek\u8207L. Henderson and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vlatko_Vedral\" target=\"_blank\">Vlatko Vedral<\/a>\u5206\u5225\u7368\u7acb\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u91cf\u5b50\u5931\u8ae7\u300d\uff08quantum discord\uff09\u3002\u300c\u5931\u8ae7\u300d\u9019\u500b\u91cf\u7684\u9748\u611f\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u53e4\u5178\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7406\u8ad6\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u53eb\u505a\u300c\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u300d\uff08mutual information\uff09\u7684\u91cf\uff0c\u8ac7\u8ad6\u5169\u500b\u96a8\u6a5f\u8b8a\u6578 X \u8207 Y \uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8eab\u9ad8\u8ddf\u9ad4\u91cd\u7b49\uff09\u4e92\u76f8\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u6a5f\u7387\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b49\u5f0f\uff0c\u53e4\u5178\u4e0a\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u7b49\u50f9\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a08\u7b97\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7576\u4eba\u5011\u628a\u8a08\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u4ee3\u63db\u6210\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u7248\u672c\u6642\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u4e9b\u6578\u5b57\u63db\u6210\u4e86\u77e9\u9663\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5169\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u4e86\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u4fbf\u628a\u9019\u500b\u5dee\u503c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u5931\u8ae7\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u5dee\u503c\u5927\u5c0f\u6307\u51fa X \u8207 Y \u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u6027\u6709\u591a\u91cf\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6578\u5b78\u4e0a\u5df2\u7d93\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b49\u660e\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u7cfe\u7e8f\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u5fc5\u7136\u6709\u5931\u8ae7\uff0c\u4f46\u53cd\u4e4b\u4e0d\u7136\uff0c\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u89d2\u5ea6\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff1a\u5931\u8ae7\u7684\u78ba\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6bd4\u7cfe\u7e8f\u66f4\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u91cf\u5b50\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u6578\u5b57\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u554f\u984c\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6578\u5b57\u597d\u4e0d\u597d\u7b97\u5462\uff1f\u53c8\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u91cf\u5f97\u5230\u5931\u8ae7\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u907a\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5931\u8ae7\u8ddf\u7cfe\u7e8f\u91cf\u5f80\u5f80\u5f88\u96e3\u7b97\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cMIT \u7684 Seth Lloyd\u6559\u6388\u524d\u9663\u5b50\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u77ed\u6587\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u6c92\u6709\u91cf\u5b50\u5931\u8ae7\u7684\u8a71\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u5c0d\u5916\u4ea4\u63db\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u63a8\u5c0e\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u516c\u5f0f\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u6e2c\u91cf\u71b1\u6d41\uff08\u5373\u6bd4\u71b1\u8207\u6eab\u5ea6\u7b49\u7d44\u5408\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u7b97\u51fa\u5931\u8ae7\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\u7576\u6eab\u5ea6\u9ad8\u5230\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u5c31\u6703\u8da8\u5411\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u6a23\u5b50\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8a0e\u8ad6\u300c\u91cf\u5b50\u6027\u300d\u5230\u6700\u5f8c\u7adf\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u53e4\u5178\u5473\u5341\u8db3\u7684\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u4e5f\u5370\u8b49\u4e86\uff0c\u53e4\u5178\u8207\u91cf\u5b50\u5e38\u5e38\u53ea\u662f\u6211\u5011\u523b\u610f\u53bb\u5340\u5206\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong><br \/>\n[1] H. Ollivier and W. H. Zurek, Phys. Rev. Lett. <strong>88<\/strong>, 017901 (2001) .<br \/>\n[2] <a href=\"http:\/\/arxiv.org\/find\/quant-ph\/1\/au:+Lloyd_S\/0\/1\/0\/all\/0\/1\">Seth Lloyd<\/a> <em>et al<\/em>, <em>No Energy Transport without Discord<\/em>, arXiv: 1510.05035 (2015).<br \/>\n[3] M. Gu, <em>Quantum Discord and The Power of Knowing Quantum Mechanically<\/em> (2012)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>--<br \/>\n\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u856d\u7dad\u7ff0\uff0c\u81fa\u5927\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7562\u696d\u5f8c\u9003\u5230\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\uff0c\u5439\u98a8\u5439\u96ea\u4e4b\u9918\uff0c\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u8b80\u535a\u58eb\u73ed\u3002\u53ef\u60dc\u96e2\u958b\u81fa\u7063\u5f8c\u7121\u6d77\u53ef\u770b\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u6e56\u65c1\u63c0\u4e00\u65b9\u5824\u5cb8\uff0c\u507d\u88dd\u6210\u770b\u6d77\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7279\u7d04\u5beb\u624b\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\u5beb\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u500b\u6578\u5b57\u8aaa\u660e\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\u6709\u591a\u300c\u91cf<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":24635,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,39],"tags":[2571,2569,313,203,2568,2570],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/figure1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24634"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24634"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24634\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32545,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24634\/revisions\/32545"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/24635"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24634"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24634"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24634"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}