{"id":24342,"date":"2016-05-06T00:28:55","date_gmt":"2016-05-05T16:28:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=24342"},"modified":"2022-10-11T13:23:09","modified_gmt":"2022-10-11T05:23:09","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%be%ae%e7%94%9f%e7%89%a9%e3%80%91%e8%83%bd%e5%88%86%e8%a7%a3%e5%a1%91%e8%86%a0%e7%9a%84%e7%b4%b0%e8%8f%8c%e6%89%be%e5%88%b0%e4%ba%86%ef%bc%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=24342","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u3011\u80fd\u5206\u89e3\u5851\u81a0\u7684\u7d30\u83cc\u627e\u5230\u4e86\uff01"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u25a0\u5728\u5806\u7a4d\u5982\u5c71\u3001\u6eff\u5751\u6eff\u8c37\u7684\u5851\u81a0\u5783\u573e\u88e1\uff0c\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\u6709\u751f\u547d\u80fd\u81ea\u5df1\u627e\u5230\u51fa\u8def\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"from
from http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/.\u3000Photo courtesy of Kohei Oda<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u99f1\u5b9b\u7433<\/p>\n

\u5851\u81a0\u5728\u6211\u5011\u751f\u6d3b\u88e1\u96a8\u8655\u53ef\u898b\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u88ab\u62ff\u4f86\u7576\u505a\u5305\u88dd\u7d20\u6750 \u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u300c\u5851\u81a0\u300d\u96d6\u9020\u5c31\u4e86\u4fbf\u5229\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5851\u81a0\u5ee2\u68c4\u7269\uff0c\u7d93\u5e74\u7d2f\u6708\u5f8c\u537b\u6210\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u982d\u75db\u7684\u9ebb\u7169\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u8cc7\u6e90\u56de\u6536\u6f38\u6f38\u6210\u70ba\u5927\u5bb6\u751f\u6d3b\u88e1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u4f46\u5851\u81a0\u985e\u7684\u56de\u6536\u7387\u7d93\u7c97\u4f30\u8a08\u4e5f\u53ea\u6709\u7d04\u4e00\u6210\u591a\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u591a\u7a2e\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u74b0\u5883\u751f\u7269\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u6750\u6599\u76f8\u7e7c\u554f\u4e16\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u65bc\u5df2\u88fd\u9020\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u5851\u81a0\u4ecd\u7136\u83ab\u53ef\u5948\u4f55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u5c0d\u82ef\u4e8c\u7532\u9178\u916f\uff08Polyethylene terephthalate\uff0cPET\uff09\u662f\u5f88\u5e38\u898b\u3001\u4e14\u88ab\u5ee3\u6cdb\u904b\u7528\u7684\u5851\u81a0\uff0c\u5e74\u7522\u91cf\u5927\u7d04\u662f\u4e94\u5343\u842c\u5678\u3002\u50cf\u662f\u64fa\u6eff\u4fbf\u5229\u5546\u5e97\u98f2\u6599\u6ac3\u7684\u5bf6\u7279\u74f6\uff0c\u90fd\u662fPET\u5851\u81a0\u88fd\u54c1\u3002PET\u8ddf\u5176\u4ed6\u7a2e\u805a\u916f\u985e\u5851\u81a0\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u7531\u55ae\u9ad4\u5169\u5169\u7d93\u916f\u9375\u805a\u5408\u800c\u6210\uff1b\u770b\u4f3c\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u5206\u89e3\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u916f\u9375\u537b\u662f\u96e3\u5982\u767b\u5929 \u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u7684\u6703\u81ea\u5df1\u627e\u5230\u51fa\u8def\u5462\uff1f\u65e5\u672c\u6176\u61c9\u5927\u5b78\u5bae\u672c\u61b2\u4e8c\u6559\u6388\u3001\u8207\u4eac\u90fd\u5de5\u85dd\u7e96\u7dad\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u5c0f\u7530\u8015\u5e73\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5728\u5bf6\u7279\u74f6\u56de\u6536\u5834\u7684\u5e95\u6ce5\u3001\u6fd5\u571f\u3001\u5ee2\u6c34\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5bcc\u542b\u8150\u6b96\u8cea\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u6c61\u6ce5\u88e1\uff0c\u63a1\u96c6\u4e86\u5169\u767e\u4e94\u5341\u500b\u6df7\u6709\u5bf6\u7279\u74f6\u6b98\u9ab8\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u6a23\u672c\u3002\u5bae\u672c\u8207\u5c0f\u7530\u6559\u6388\u628a\u9019\u4e9b\u74b0\u5883\u63a1\u6a23\u57f9\u990a\u5728PET\u5851\u81a0\u8584\u819c\u4e0a\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u770b\u770b\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528PET\u5851\u81a0\u4f86\u7576\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8981\u3001\u4e14\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u78b3\u6e90\uff0c\u55ae\u9760\u5206\u89e3PET\u5851\u81a0\u4f86\u7522\u751f\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u63a8\u52d5\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u4ee3\u8b1d\u3001\u5408\u6210\u53cd\u61c9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u7de8\u865f\u7b2c46\u865f\u7684\u63a1\u6a23\u6a23\u672c\uff0c\u679c\u771f\u8b93\u57f9\u990a\u7528\u7684PET\u5851\u81a0\u8584\u819c\u7522\u751f\u5f62\u614b\u4e0a\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\uff01\u521d\u6b65\u5206\u6790\u767c\u73fe\u7b2c46\u865f\u6aa2\u9ad4\u662f\u500b\u5c0f\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6709\u7d30\u83cc\u3001\u6709\u50cf\u9175\u6bcd\u83cc\u7684\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u539f\u751f\u751f\u7269\uff1b\u90a3\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u8ab0\u662f\u5e55\u5f8c\u7684\u9b54\u6cd5\u5e2b\u5462\uff1f\u5bae\u672c\u8207\u5c0f\u7530\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5718\u968a\u65bc\u662f\u5c07\u7b2c46\u865f\u63a1\u6a23\u6aa2\u9ad4\u7a00\u91cb\u518d\u7a00\u91cb\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5206\u5225\u57f9\u990a\u5728PET\u5851\u81a0\u8584\u819c\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u7d93\u904e\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7a00\u91cb\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7a2e\u5206\u6563\u958b\uff0c\u8b93\u55ae\u4e00PET\u5851\u81a0\u7684\u57f9\u990a\u8584\u819c\u4e0a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u3002\u7d93\u904e\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u6210\u529f\u5206\u96e2\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u89e3PET\u5851\u81a0\u7684\u7d30\u83cc\u83cc\u7a2e\uff01<\/p>\n

\u5bae\u672c\u8207\u5c0f\u7530\u6559\u6388\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7d30\u83cc\uff0c\u662f\u53e2\u6bdb\u55ae\u80de\u83cc\u79d1\u3001\u827e\u5fb7\u6602\u83cc\u5c6c\uff08Ideonella<\/em>\uff09\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684\u65b0\u83cc\u7a2e\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u583a\u5e02\uff08Sakai\uff09\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5c07\u9019\u682a\u300c\u611b\u5403\u300dPET\u5851\u81a0\u7684\u7d30\u83cc\u53eb\u505aIdeonella Sakaiensis<\/em>\u3002
\nI. Sakaiensis<\/em>\u83cc\u597d\u6c27\uff0c\u662f\u683c\u862d\u6c0f\u9670\u6027\u83cc\uff1b\u990a\u5728PET\u5851\u81a0\u8584\u819c\u4e0a\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u57f9\u990a\u6eab\u5ea630o<\/sup>C\u4e0b\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u516d\u500b\u79ae\u62dc\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0cI. Sakaiensis<\/em>\u5c31\u80fd\u5920\u5c07PET\u5851\u81a0\u8584\u819c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5206\u89e3\u5730\u4e7e\u4e7e\u6de8\u6de8\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5c07I. Sakaiensis<\/em>\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u5b9a\u5e8f\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u5b83\u5e36\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u8102\u80aa\u9176\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6b63\u662f\u5b83\u80fd\u5920\u5206\u89e3PET\u5851\u81a0\u7684\u95dc\u9375\uff01<\/p>\n

\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u6839\u64da\u5b9a\u5e8f\u7d50\u679c\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5c07\u9019\u500b\u8102\u80aa\u9176\u4ee5\u91cd\u7d44\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8868\u73fe\u3001\u5206\u96e2\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6e2c\u8a66\u6b64\u8102\u80aa\u9176\u5206\u89e3PET\u5851\u81a0\u8584\u819c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u679c\u7136\uff0cI. Sakaiensis<\/em>\u7684\u8102\u80aa\u9176\u91cd\u7d44\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u572830o<\/sup>C\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u6eab\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5c07PET\u5851\u81a0\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u4e2d\u9593\u7522\u7269MHET\uff08Mono(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalic acid\uff09\u7684\u55ae\u9ad4\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u6c7a\u5b9a\u628a\u9019\u500b\u8102\u80aa\u9176\u547d\u540d\u70ba\u300cPET\u6c34\u89e3\u9176\u300d\uff0c\u7c21\u5beb\u70baPETase\u3002\u800c\u628aPET\u5851\u81a0\u5206\u89e3\u6210MHET\u5c0dI. Sakaiensis<\/em>\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u597d\u8655\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5c0dI. Sakaiensis<\/em>\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0cPET\u5851\u81a0\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u592a\u9f90\u5927\u3002\u6bd4I. Sakaiensis<\/em>\u83cc\u9ad4\u9084\u8981\u9f90\u5927\u7684PET\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u8b93I. Sakaiensis<\/em>\u6c92\u6709\u8fa6\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u628aPET\u300c\u541e\u300d\u9032\u53bb\u3002\u4f46\u5728PET\u805a\u5408\u7269\u88abPET\u6c34\u89e3\u9176\u5206\u89e3\u70ba\u5206\u5b50\u6bd4\u8f03\u5c0f\u7684MHET\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0cI. Sakaiensis<\/em>\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5438\u6536MHET\u5230\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u3002MHET\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u7279\u6709\u7684MHET\u6c34\u89e3\u9176\uff08MHETase\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u89e3\u70ba\u4e59\u4e8c\u9187\uff08Ethylene glycol\uff09\u548c\u5c0d\u82ef\u4e8c\u7532\u9178\uff08Terephthalic acid\uff09\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5c31\u80fd\u5920\u7528\u505a\u83cc\u9ad4\u751f\u9577\u6240\u9700\u3002<\/p>\n

I. Sakaiensis<\/em>\u83cc\u5e36\u6709\u7684PET\u6c34\u89e3\u9176\uff0c\u5176\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u5e8f\u5217\u8ddf\u5728\u5783\u573e\u5806\u88e1\u5e38\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u55dc\u9ad8\u6eab\u653e\u5c04\u7dda\u83ccThermobifida Fusca<\/em>\u6240\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u6c34\u89e3\u9176\uff0c\u6709\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e94\u5341\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u3002\u800cT. Fusca<\/em>\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u6c34\u89e3\u9176\uff08TfH\uff09\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\u6709\u4e9b\u5fae\u6c34\u89e3PET\u5851\u81a0\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u628aPET\u6c34\u89e3\u9176\uff0c\u548cT. Fusca<\/em>\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u6c34\u89e3\u9176TfH\u6bd4\u4e00\u6bd4\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u9019\u5169\u500b\u9175\u7d20\u5c0d\u53d7\u8cea\u7684\u5c08\u4e00\u6027\u5927\u5927\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u800cPET\u6c34\u89e3\u9176\u5206\u89e3PET\u5851\u81a0\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u662fTfH\u7684\u56db\u767e\u500d\uff01<\/p>\n

\u96d6\u7136\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u4ee5I. Sakaiensis<\/em>\u9019\u500b\u65b0\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u7d30\u83cc\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u5df2\u7d93\u6eff\u5751\u6eff\u8c37\u7684\u5851\u81a0\u5783\u573e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9084\u662f\u592a\u904e\u7de9\u6162\u800c\u7121\u6fdf\u65bc\u4e8b\u3002\u4f46I. Sakaiensis<\/em>\u83cc\u6240\u8868\u73fe\u7684PET\u6c34\u89e3\u9176\u8ddfMHET\u6c34\u89e3\u9176\uff0c\u537b\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u624d\u80fd\u5c07PET\u5851\u81a0\u5206\u89e3\u9019\u500b\u8b93\u4eba\u6293\u7834\u982d\u7684\u554f\u984c\u88e1\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6700\u4f73\u89e3\u7b54\uff0c\u8b93\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u80fd\u597d\u597d\u5229\u7528\u9019\u500b\u5bf6\u8cb4\u53c8\u96e3\u5f97\u7684\u65b0\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u60f3\u60f3\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u6c7a\u5851\u81a0\u5783\u573e\u9019\u500b\u5927\u554f\u984c\uff01\u4f46\u5927\u5bb6\u4e5f\u5225\u5fd8\u4e86\uff0c\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u6e1b\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u5851\u81a0\u7522\u54c1\u5594\uff01<\/p>\n

\u539f\u59cb\u8ad6\u6587\uff1a<\/strong>Yoshida S, Hiraga K, Takehana T, Taniguchi I, Yamaji H, Maeda Y, Toyohara K, Miyamoto K, Kimura Y, Oda K. A bacterium that degrades and assimilates poly(ethylene terephthalate). Science. 2016 Mar 11;351(6278):1196-9. doi: 10.1126\/science.aad6359. PMID: 26965627<\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Bornscheuer UT. Feeding on plastic. Science. 2016 Mar 11;351(6278):1154-5. doi: 10.1126\/science.aaf2853. No abstract available. PMID: 26965614<\/li>\n
  2. Wigginton NS. Some bacteria think plastic is fantastic. Science. 11 Mar 2016: Vol. 351, Issue 6278, pp. 1162. DOI: 10.1126\/science.351.6278.1162-a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    --<\/span><\/strong>
    \u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u99f1\u5b9b\u7433\u3000\u7f8e\u570b\u8056\u8def\u6613\u83ef\u76db\u9813\u5927\u5b78\uff08Washington University in St. Louis\uff09\u514d\u75ab\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8bT\u7d30\u80de\u767c\u80b2\u8207\u6d3b\u5316\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u50b3\u5c0e\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

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