{"id":22257,"date":"2015-09-04T00:56:04","date_gmt":"2015-09-03T16:56:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=22257"},"modified":"2023-06-06T15:12:35","modified_gmt":"2023-06-06T07:12:35","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%b8%e5%8f%b2%e6%b2%99%e9%be%8d%e3%80%91%e8%aa%b0%e6%98%af%e5%b0%bc%e5%ae%89%e5%be%b7%e5%a1%94%e4%ba%ba%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=22257","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u6c99\u9f8d\u3011\u8ab0\u662f\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\u5854\u4eba\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u25a0\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\u5854 (Neanderthal) \u662f\u500b\u5fb7\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u8aaa\u6587\u89e3\u5b57\u5256\u6790\u4e00\u756a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u767c\u73fe\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u5e0c\u81d8\u6587\u300c\u65b0\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u884d\u751f\u5b57\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5fb7\u6587\u5b57\u6839\u300c\u8c37\u300d\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5149\u662f\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u5b57\u7fa9\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\u5854\u4eba\u51fa\u571f\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f86\u63a2\u8a0e\u53e4\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u505a\u70ba\u4e00\u9580\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u6839\u672c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u79d1\u5b78\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u6703\u7684\u6df1\u539a\u8108\u7d61\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0ALBGP3ZtOs?list=PLil-R4o6jmGg5orDjrjsgF7AjaeAqVamP\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8b1b\u8005\uff5c<\/strong>\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u6b77\u53f2\u8a9e\u8a00\u7814\u7a76\u6240 \u738b\u9053\u9084\u7814\u7a76\u54e1<br \/>\n<strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u9ad8\u82f1\u54f2<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u985e\u662f\u7531\u733f\u6f14\u5316\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e8b\u5be6\u5df2\u6709\u9435\u8b49\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u61f7\u7591\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u59cb\u7956\u8ddf\u733f\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u591a\u5927\uff1f\u9996\u5148\u6211\u5011\u8981\u641e\u61c2\u5169\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u5b57\uff1a\u4eba\u733f (man ape) \u8ddf\u733f\u4eba (ape man) \u3002\u4eba\u733f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u733f\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5f88\u50cf\u4eba\uff0c\u7329\u7329\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4eba\u733f\uff1b\u733f\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4eba\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5f88\u50cf\u733f\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u59cb\u7956\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u733f\u4eba\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u733f\u6f14\u5316\u6210\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u733f\u6f14\u5316\u6210\u733f\u4eba\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u554f\u984c\u4f86\u4e86\uff1a\u90a3\u9ebc\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u59cb\u7956\u6703\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u5b50\uff1f\u5728\u53e4\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u6700\u521d\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u505a\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u59cb\u7956\u7684\u4eba\u733f\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u9577\u5f97\u4e0d\u50cf\u733f\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u300c\u4e0d\u50cf\u733f\u7684\u4eba\u733f\u300d\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u4e00\u4e9b\u77db\u76fe\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\u5854\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u53e4\u4eba\u985e\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u53e4\u4eba\u985e\u3002\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\u5854\u4eba\u7684\u5316\u77f3\u5728 1856 \u5e74\u51fa\u571f\uff0c\u9694\u5e74\u5c31\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5831\u544a\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6642\u9593\u9ede\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u662f\u5728\u300a\u7269\u7a2e\u6e90\u59cb\u300b\u51fa\u7248\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u610f\u898b\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u627f\u8a8d\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\u5854\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u53e4\u4eba\u985e\uff0c\u8ddf\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u767c\u8868\u7814\u7a76\u5831\u544a\u7684\u590f\u592b\u8c6a\u68ee (Hermann Schaaffhausen) \uff0c\u7576\u6642\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5728\u7576\u6642\u9707\u64bc\u4e86\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u53e4\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\u5854\u4eba\u5316\u77f3\u5728\u5f62\u614b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8207\u73fe\u4ee3\u6b50\u6d32\u4eba\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53e4\u4eba\u985e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\u5854\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\uff0c\u9019\u8868\u793a\u73fe\u4ee3\u6b50\u6d32\u4eba\u662f\u5165\u4fb5\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u3001\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\u5854\u4eba\u662f\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u4e16\u7684\u53e4\u4eba\u985e\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u65e9\u5728\u51b0\u6cb3\u6642\u671f\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u4eba\u985e\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u628a\u590f\u592b\u8c6a\u68ee\u767c\u8868\u7814\u7a76\u5831\u544a\u4e00\u4e8b\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u53e4\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u9019\u500b\u5b78\u9580\u7684\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u800c\u53e4\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u4e00\u8a00\u4ee5\u853d\u4e4b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u65b7\u4fee\u6b63\u300c\u5148\u5165\u4e4b\u898b\u300d\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5f97\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u518d\u56de\u982d\u4fee\u6b63\u539f\u5148\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u3002\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u6700\u5049\u5927\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u6ce2\u666e\u723e (Karl Popper) \u66fe\u7d93\u8aaa\u904e\u300c\u89c0\u5bdf\u5fc5\u6709\u53d6\u6368\u300d (Observation is always selective) \uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5ba2\u89c0\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\uff1b\u7531\u65bc\u79d1\u5b78\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u6709\u500b\u89c0\u5bdf\u505a\u70ba\u8d77\u9ede\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u9019\u500b\u8d77\u9ede\u53c8\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u975e\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u60f3\u7528\u79d1\u5b78\u53bb\u5426\u5b9a\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u7de3\u6728\u6c42\u9b5a\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7121\u795e\u8ad6\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u4e5f\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u6709\u795e\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u95dc\u65bc\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\u5854\u4eba\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u8207\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff0c\u5831\u7ae0\u96dc\u8a8c\u4e0a\u4e0d\u6642\u5c31\u6703\u6709\u4e00\u9663\u71b1\u6f6e\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u591a\u8667\u4e86\u53e4\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u7b97\u5f97\u4e0a\u662f\u71b1\u9580\u5b78\u554f\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\u5854\u4eba\u5316\u77f3\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u51fa\u571f\u7684\u5c0f\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u66f4\u6709\u555f\u767c\u6027\uff1a\u5fb7\u570b\u63a1\u77f3\u5834\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u5728\u7528\u70b8\u85e5\u63a1\u77f3\u6642\uff0c\u5728\u4e82\u77f3\u5806\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\u9aa8\u982d\u5316\u77f3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u718a\u9aa8\uff0c\u4f46\u9084\u662f\u901a\u77e5\u4e86\u7576\u5730\u4e00\u4f4d\u81ea\u7136\u5b78\u5bb6\u524d\u4f86\u52d8\u9a57\uff1b\u9019\u4f4d\u8eab\u517c\u91ab\u5e2b\u8207\u4e2d\u5b78\u6559\u5e2b\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u770b\u904e\u5316\u77f3\u5f8c\u5224\u5b9a\u662f\u4eba\u9aa8\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6d88\u606f\u99ac\u4e0a\u5c31\u5f15\u8d77\u6ce2\u6602\u5927\u5b78\u5169\u4f4d\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u6559\u6388\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6545\u4e8b\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\u4f86\u7a00\u9b06\u5e73\u5e38\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u8981\u7a0d\u5fae\u60f3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u63a1\u77f3\u5de5\u4eba\u80fd\u5920\u5f9e\u4e82\u77f3\u5806\u4e2d\u8fa8\u8a8d\u51fa\u5316\u77f3\uff0c\u9084\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u53bb\u627e\u500b\u81ea\u7136\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f86\u77a7\u77a7\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4f4d\u81ea\u7136\u5b78\u5bb6\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u8fa8\u8b58\u5316\u77f3\u662f\u4eba\u9aa8\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5831\u544a\u9084\u80fd\u7acb\u523b\u5f15\u8d77\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u6559\u6388\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3001\u6587\u5316\u8ddf\u77e5\u8b58\u8108\u7d61\uff0c\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u671d\u4e00\u5915\u5c31\u80fd\u8f15\u6613\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\u5854 (Neanderthal) <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6703,1750,3293,6443,1026],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22257"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=22257"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22257\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32104,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22257\/revisions\/32104"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=22257"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=22257"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=22257"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}