{"id":22184,"date":"2015-10-08T00:39:55","date_gmt":"2015-10-07T16:39:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=22184"},"modified":"2018-08-01T16:20:58","modified_gmt":"2018-08-01T08:20:58","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%b9%bd%e7%b4%9b%e7%94%9f%e6%85%8b%e3%80%91%e5%8f%af%e6%84%9b%e7%9a%84%e5%a4%a7%e7%86%8a%e8%b2%93%e5%8b%95%e4%bd%9c%e6%85%a2%ef%bc%8c%e5%8e%9f%e4%be%86%e6%98%af%e5%9b%a0%e7%82%ba%e4%bb%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=22184","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7e7d\u7d1b\u751f\u614b\u3011\u53ef\u611b\u7684\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u52d5\u4f5c\u6162\uff0c\u539f\u4f86\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ee3\u8b1d\u6162"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1awiki\"
\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1awiki<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u8449\u7da0\u8212<\/p>\n

\u80d6\u80d6\u7684\u5927\u718a\u8c93\uff08Ailuropoda melanoleuca<\/em>\uff09\u6709\u8457\u9ed1\u767d\u5169\u8272\u7684\u6bdb\u5916\u5957\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u61a8\u614b\u53ef\u63ac\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\uff0c\u771f\u662f\u5341\u5206\u60f9\u4eba\u559c\u6b61\uff01\u7b46\u8005\u66fe\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u8056\u5730\u7259\u54e5\u65c5\u5c45\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u7576\u5730\u7684\u52d5\u7269\u5712\u6709\u5927\u718a\u8c93\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u6c23\u52d5\u7269\u3002\u6bcf\u5929\u53ea\u958b\u653e\u6578\u5c0f\u6642\u53c3\u89c0\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u5728\u5e7e\u5c0f\u6642\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u718a\u8c93\u9928\u4fbf\u5df2\u7d93\u5927\u6392\u9577\u9f8d\uff1b\u5e78\u597d\u7b46\u8005\u4e26\u975e\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u8ff7\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u6b21\u53bb\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u300c\u8def\u904e\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u662f\u718a\u79d1\u88e1\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u7d20\u98df\u8005\uff0c\u7260\u8207\u773e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u614b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7260\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u66fe\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u718a\u79d1\uff08Ursidae\uff09\u3001\u6d63\u718a\u79d1\uff08Procyonidae\uff09\u3001\u718a\u8c93\u79d1\uff08Ailuridae\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u624d\u88ab\u5283\u70ba\u718a\u79d1\u3001\u8c93\u718a\u5c6c\u3002\u5927\u718a\u8c9399%\u7684\u98df\u7269\u662f\u7af9\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u4ed61%\u5247\u662f\u8702\u871c\u3001\u86cb\u3001\u9b5a\u3001\u8543\u85af\u3001\u6a39\u8449\u3001\u67d1\u6a58\u985e\u4ee5\u53ca\u9999\u8549\u7b49\uff08\u53c31\uff09\u3002\u6839\u64da\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u5927\u7d04\u4e03\u767e\u842c\u5e74\u524d\u958b\u59cb\u5617\u8a66\u7af9\u5b50\u7684\u6ecb\u5473\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u4e00\u8a66\u6210\u4e3b\u9867\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5230\u4e86\u5169\u767e\u56db\u5341\u842c\u5230\u5169\u767e\u842c\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u7af9\u5b50\u7684\u9435\u7c89\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u5be6\u5728\u662f\u5403\u5f97\u4e5f\u592a\u591a\u4e86\u3002\u7260\u6bcf\u5929\u8981\u82b1\u5341\u56db\u500b\u5c0f\u6642\u5403\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u5403\u9032\u5341\u4e8c\u9ede\u4e94\u516c\u65a4\u7684\u98df\u7269\u3002\u5403\u90a3\u9ebc\u591a\uff0c\u600e\u9ebc\u4e0d\u6703\u80d6\u5462\uff1f\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5403\u9019\u9ebc\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u53ea\u80fd\u5f9e\u4e2d\u5f97\u523020%\u7684\u990a\u5206\uff08\u53c32\uff09\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u96e3\u602a\u8981\u5403\u90a3\u9ebc\u591a\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n

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\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u9084\u633a\u6158\u7684\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5df2\u7d93\u5543\u4e86\u5e7e\u767e\u842c\u5e74\u7684\u7af9\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7260\u6c92\u6709\u725b\u7684\u56db\u500b\u80c3\u3001\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u98df\u8349\u985e\u7684\u9577\u9577\u7684\u524d\u8178\uff08foregut\uff09\u6216\u5f8c\u8178\uff08hindgut\uff09\uff0c\u8b93\u7e96\u7dad\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6d88\u5316\u9053\u4e2d\u505c\u7559\u4e45\u4e00\u9ede\u597d\u8b93\u8178\u5167\u83cc\u9032\u884c\u767c\u9175\u4f5c\u7528\uff1b\u800c\u4e14\u7260\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u88fd\u9020\u6d88\u5316\u7e96\u7dad\u7d20\u7684\u9175\u7d20\uff08\u53c33\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u63d0\u5230\u8178\u5167\u83cc\uff0c\u5c31\u8b93\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u4e0d\u7531\u5f97\u60f3\uff1a\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\u7260\u7684\u8178\u5b50\u96d6\u7136\u77ed\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u7fa4\u300c\u5730\u8868\u6700\u4f73\u7d44\u5408\u300d\u7684\u8178\u5167\u83cc\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u9ede\u90fd\u4e0d\u7528\u64d4\u5fc3\u6d88\u5316\u554f\u984c\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

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\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u90fd\u6307\u5411\uff1a\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u5403\u5f97\u591a\u3001\u6d88\u5316\u5438\u6536\u5f97\u5c11\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u7b97\u4e00\u7b97\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5403\u90a3\u9ebc\u591a\uff0c\u4ee5\u7260\u7684\u9ad4\u578b\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u9084\u662f\u4e0d\u5920\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u600e\u9ebc\u6d3b\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u7d50\u5408\u4e86\u8607\u683c\u862d\u8207\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u4e00\u7fa4\u5b78\u8005\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u539f\u4f86\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u5438\u6536\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c11\u9084\u80fd\u6d3b\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff1a\u8207\u540c\u6a23\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u6bd4\u8f03\u5c0f\uff08\u53c34\uff09\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u90fd\u6d88\u8017\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\uff1a\u6700\u8017\u80fd\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u809d\u3001\u8166\u3001\u814e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5fc3\u81df\u3002\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u7684\u8166\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u540c\u6a23\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u768482.5%\uff0c\u809d\u5247\u53ea\u670962.8%\uff0c\u814e\u5247\u662f74.5%\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u7684\u975c\u606f\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7387\uff08resting metabolic rate\uff09\u4e5f\u4f4e\uff08\u6bd4\u51ac\u7720\u7684\u9ed1\u718a\u9084\u4f4e\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u9ebc\u4f4e\u7684\u975c\u606f\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7387\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\uff0c\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u5206\u6ccc\u7684\u7532\u72c0\u817a\u7d20\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u5c11\u3002T4<\/sub>\u53ea\u670946.9%\uff0cT3<\/sub>\u4e5f\u53ea\u670964%\u3002\u9019\u9ebc\u4f4e\u7684\u7532\u72c0\u817a\u7d20\u5206\u6ccc\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u9ad4\u5167\u8ca0\u8cac\u5408\u6210\u7532\u72c0\u817a\u7d20\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u7a31\u70baDUOX2\uff08dual oxidase 2\uff09\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u56e0\u70ba\u7a81\u8b8a\u800c\u5931\u53bb\u529f\u80fd\uff1b\u65bc\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u90fd\u8b8a\u6210\u300c\u7532\u72c0\u817a\u529f\u80fd\u4f4e\u4e0b\u300d\uff08hypothyroidism\uff09\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u7532\u72c0\u817a\u529f\u80fd\u4f4e\u4e0b\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u5708\u990a\u7684\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u53ea\u670933%\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5728\u6d3b\u52d5\uff1b\u91ce\u751f\u7684\u5927\u718a\u8c93\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8981\u627e\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u6642\u9593\u7a0d\u5fae\u9ad8\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u5927\u7d04\u662f49%\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u8d70\u52d5\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u6162\uff01\u627e\u98df\u7269\u6216\u5403\u6771\u897f\u6642\uff0c\u79fb\u52d5\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5927\u7d04\u662f\u6bcf\u5c0f\u664215.5\u516c\u5c3a\uff08\u5929\u554a...\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u627e\u98df\u7269\u7684\u6642\u5019\u5feb\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u662f\u6bcf\u5c0f\u664226.9\u516c\u5c3a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u8ddf\u540c\u6a23\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u53ea\u6709\u4ed6\u5011\u768437.7%\uff08\u5708\u990a\uff09\u621645%\uff08\u91ce\u751f\uff09\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u4f4e\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6d88\u8017\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u8ddf\u4e09\u8dbe\u6a39\u61f6\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u6bd4\u7121\u5c3e\u718a\u548c\u91dd\u9f34\u90fd\u4f4e\u5462\uff01<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u771f\u7684\u662f\u842c\u4e8b\u842c\u7269\u90fd\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u9053\u7406\u5728\uff01\u65e2\u7136\u7121\u6cd5\u5f9e\u98df\u7269\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u990a\u5206\uff0c\u5c31\u6f14\u5316\u51fa\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u990a\u5206\uff0c\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u56f0\u5883\uff1b\u60f3\u60f3\u771f\u7684\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u610f\u601d\u5462\uff01<\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\uff1a<\/strong>
\n1. Zhang J. et. al., 2010. Pseudogenization of the umami taste receptor gene Tas1r1 in the giant panda coincided with its dietary switch to bamboo. Mol. Biol. Evol. 27(12):2669-2673.
\n2. Zheng Y., Zhong Y. et. al., 2011. Why does the giant panda eat bamboo? A comparative analysis of appetite-reward-related genes among mammals. PLoS ONE. 6(7):e22602.doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0022602
\n3. Zhang Z. et. al., 2015. The bamboo-eating giant panda harbors a carnivore-like gut microbiota, with excessive seasonal variations. mBio. 6(3):e00022-15. doi:10.1128\/mBio.00022-15.
\n4. Wei F. et. al., 2015. Exceptionally low daily energy expenditure in the bamboo-eating giant panda. Science. 349(6244):171-174.<\/p>\n

--<\/strong><\/span>
\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u8449\u7da0\u8212\u3000\u6148\u6fdf\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7279\u7d04\u5beb\u624b\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\u5beb\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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