{"id":21702,"date":"2015-07-09T00:59:21","date_gmt":"2015-07-08T16:59:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=21702"},"modified":"2018-08-01T15:55:32","modified_gmt":"2018-08-01T07:55:32","slug":"%e3%80%90%e6%a4%8d%e7%89%a9%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e3%80%91%e5%9c%a8%e5%ae%b6%e5%90%88%e6%88%90%e9%b4%a8%e7%89%87%e5%8f%af%e8%83%bd%e5%97%8e%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=21702","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u690d\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u3011\u5728\u5bb6\u5408\u6210\u9d09\u7247\u53ef\u80fd\u55ce\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\u9d09\u7247\u7f4c\u7c9f\u7684\u82b1\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1awiki\"
\u9d09\u7247\u7f4c\u7c9f\u7684\u82b1\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1awiki<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u8449\u7da0\u8212<\/p>\n

\u9d09\u7247(opium)\u662f\u9d09\u7247\u7f4c\u7c9f(Papaver somniferum<\/em>)\u84b4\u679c\u7684\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u4e7e\u71e5\u5f8c\u7684\u6210\u54c1\uff0c\u7531\u6216\u7c89\u7d05\u3001\u6216\u767d\u7684\u7f4c\u7c9f\u82b1\uff0c\u82b1\u74e3\u843d\u76e1\u5f8c\u84b4\u679c\u5f62\u6210\uff1b\u5de5\u4eba\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u9ec3\u660f\u63a1\u6536\uff08\u53c31\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u5200\u5b50\u5272\u7834\u84b4\u679c\u3002\u84b4\u679c\u7684\u4e73\u767d\u8272\u6c41\u6db2\u5728\u591c\u665a\u6ef2\u51fa\u3001\u51dd\u7d50\uff0c\u56e0\u6c27\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\u8f49\u70ba\u8910\u8272\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u5c0f\u5fc3\u7684\u525d\u4e0b\u8910\u8272\u4e7e\u71e5\u7684\u7247\u72c0\u7269\uff0c\u66ec\u4e7e\u6216\u9670\u4e7e\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9d09\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9d09\u7247\u662f\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u88e1\u9762\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\u662f\u55ce\u5561(morphine)\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u9084\u6709\u53ef\u5f85\u56e0(codeine)\u8207\u8482\u5df4\u56e0(thebaine)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u55ce\u5561\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff081803-1805\u5e74\u9593\uff09\u7531\u8cfd\u7279\u5167\u723e(Friedrich Sert\u00fcrner)\u5206\u96e2\u51fa\u4f86\uff1b\u57281827\u5e74\u7531\u9ed8\u514b(Merck)\u5c07\u5b83\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u3002\u55ce\u5561\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u91ab\u7642\u4e0a\u9019\u985e\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u53ea\u6709\u9d09\u7247\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5bb9\u6613\u647b\u6df7\u3001\u9020\u5047\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5728\u6cbb\u7642\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\uff1b\u73fe\u5728\u6709\u4e86\u7d14\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u91ab\u751f\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u5291\u91cf\u4e0a\u8b8a\u5f97\u5bb9\u6613\u8a31\u591a\u3002\u7b49\u52301853\u5e74\u4f0d\u5fb7(Alexander Wood)\u767c\u660e\u76ae\u4e0b\u6ce8\u5c04\u55ce\u5561\u5f8c\uff0c\u55ce\u5561\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u8207\u7bc4\u570d\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u5ee3\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u55ce\u5561\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1awiki\"
\u55ce\u5561\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1awiki<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u5f9e\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u5230\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u5408\u6210\u6280\u8853\u7684\u9032\u6b65\u5df2\u7d93\u4f7f\u8a31\u591a\u5929\u7136\u5316\u5408\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u4e2d\u5408\u6210\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u9d09\u7247\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u55ce\u5561\u4e5f\u597d\u3001\u53ef\u5f85\u56e0\u3001\u8482\u5df4\u56e0\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u90fd\u8981\u4f9d\u8cf4\u9d09\u7247\u7f4c\u7c9f\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u751f\u7522\u3002\u96e3\u9053\u5408\u6210\u5b83\u5011\uff0c\u771f\u7684\u662f\u90a3\u9ebc\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5176\u5be6\u57281952\u5e74\uff0c\u55ce\u5561\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u5408\u6210\u4fbf\u5df2\u7d93\u7531Marshall D. Gates, Jr.\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u8981\u5408\u6210\u55ce\u5561\uff0c\u7e3d\u5171\u9700\u898131\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\uff0c\u7e3d\u7522\u91cf\u5927\u7d04\u53ea\u67090.06%\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u57281980\u5e74\uff0c\u7531Kenner C. Rice\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u70ba\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u53ea\u7528\u4e8614\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\u5c31\u5408\u6210\u4e86\u55ce\u5561\uff0c\u7e3d\u7522\u91cf\u9054\u523030%\uff08\u53c32\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f8c\u4f86\u4e5f\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u60f3\u8981\u6539\u9032\u88fd\u7a0b\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662fGates\u3001Rice\u6216\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\uff0c\u90fd\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u65b9\u6cd5\u7531\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u958b\u59cb\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u4e2d\u5408\u6210\u55ce\u5561\u7684\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u6bd4\u7a2e\u690d\u7f4c\u7c9f\u5f8c\u63d0\u53d6\u8981\u9ad8\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\u9019\u4e9b\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u653e\u68c4\u7f4c\u7c9f\u7684\u7a2e\u690d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e2\u7136\u5316\u5b78\u5408\u6210\u9019\u689d\u8def\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u5927\u901a\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u5c31\u958b\u59cb\u60f3\u5229\u7528\u55ae\u7d30\u80de\u751f\u7269\uff08\u7d30\u83cc\u3001\u9175\u6bcd\u83cc\uff09\u4e86\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u5c0d\u7f4c\u7c9f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u690d\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u916a\u6c28\u9178(tyrosine)\u5148\u5408\u6210\u591a\u5df4\u80fa(dopamine)\u82074-HPAA\uff0c\u518d\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5408\u6210(S<\/em>)-Norcoclaurine\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u5f80\u4e0b\u5408\u6210\uff08S<\/em>)-reticuline\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u7522\u751f\u8482\u5df4\u56e0\u3001\u53ef\u5f85\u56e0\u8207\u55ce\u5561\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82e5\u8981\u4f7f\u7d30\u83cc\/\u9175\u6bcd\u83cc\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u5408\u6210\u55ce\u5561\u7b49\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u9700\u8981\u628a\u9019\u6574\u689d\u8def\u5f91\u4e0a\u7684\u9175\u7d20\u90fd\u4e00\u4e00\u9078\u6b96\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u653e\u9032\u9175\u6bcd\u83cc\u6216\u7d30\u83cc\u4e2d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u690d\u7269\u662f\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5e38\u5e38\u6703\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u4fee\u98fe\uff08modification\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u5728\u9ad8\u57fa\u6c0f\u9ad4\u4e2d\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4fee\u98fe\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u5728\u539f\u6838\u751f\u7269\uff08\u7d30\u83cc\uff09\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7d93\u5e38\u5982\u9644\u95d5\u5982\uff01\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u904e\u53bb\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u5df2\u7d93\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u5927\u8178\u687f\u83cc\u4ee5\u7518\u6cb9(glycerol)\u88fd\u9020\u51fa\u4e2d\u9593\u7522\u7269(R,S<\/em>)-Norlaudanosoline\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5927\u5bb6\u9084\u662f\u628a\u773c\u5149\u653e\u5411\u9175\u6bcd\u83cc\uff08S. cerevisiae<\/em>\uff0c\u5564\u9152\u9175\u6bcd\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u52a0\u62ff\u5927Concordia\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u99ac\u4e01\u6559\u6388(Vincent J. J. Martin)\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u9019\u500b\u984c\u76ee\u4e0a\u947d\u7814\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u4e45\u30022014\u5e74\u4ed6\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u7531(R,S<\/em>)-Norlaudanosoline\u5230\u4e2d\u6e38\u7684dihydrosanguinarine\u7684\u5408\u6210\uff1b\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u4e5f\u5728\u53bb\u5e74\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u7531\u4e2d\u6e38\u5230\u55ce\u5561\u5728\u9175\u6bcd\u83cc\u4e2d\u7684\u5408\u6210\u3002\u4eca\u5e74\uff0c\u99ac\u4e01\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5718\u968a\u518d\u63a5\u518d\u53b2\uff0c\u5c07\u7531(R,S<\/em>)-Norlaudanosoline\u5230\u4e2d\u6e38\u7684\uff08S<\/em>)-reticuline\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9175\u7d20\u653e\u5230\u9175\u6bcd\u83cc\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e26\u9806\u5229\u7522\u751f\u7522\u7269\uff1a\uff08S<\/em>)-reticuline\uff08\u53c33\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5230\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u8981\u7528\u9175\u6bcd\u83cc\u5408\u6210\u55ce\u5561\u3001\u53ef\u5f85\u56e0\u3001\u8482\u5df4\u56e0\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u53ea\u5dee\u81e8\u9580\u4e00\u8173\u4e86\u3002\u90a3\u4e00\u8173\u5462\uff1f\u539f\u4f86\uff0c\u7531\uff08S<\/em>)-reticuline\u5230\uff08R<\/em>)-reticuline\u9084\u9700\u8981\u4e09\u500b\u9175\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e09\u500b\u9175\u7d20\u76ee\u524d\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u9078\u6b96\u51fa\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u65e6\u9078\u6b96\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u4e26\u6210\u529f\u5728\u9175\u6bcd\u83cc\u4e2d\u8868\u73fe\u5f8c\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u672a\u4f86\u8981\u5408\u6210\u55ce\u5561\u7b49\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7a2e\u690d\u7f4c\u7c9f\uff1b\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u62ff\u51fa\u9175\u6bcd\u83cc\uff0c\u57f9\u990a\u82e5\u5e72\u6642\u9593\u5f8c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n

\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u6a5f\u95dc\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u64d4\u5fc3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u672a\u4f86\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u7d66\u9019\u4e9b\u83cc\u682a\u52a0\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fa8\u8b58\u7684\u907a\u50b3\u6a19\u8a18\uff0c\u842c\u4e00\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u6d41\u51fa\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u8ab0\u641e\u9b3c\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u4e5f\u6703\u8b93\u9019\u4e9b\u9175\u6bcd\u83cc\u7f3a\u5c11\u5408\u6210\u67d0\u7a2e\u7279\u5225\u7684\u990a\u5206\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u96e2\u958b\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u4fbf\u7121\u6cd5\u5b58\u6d3b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4ee4\u4eba\u653e\u5fc3\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n

\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u5728\u7530\u88e1\u7a2e\u7f4c\u7c9f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u5371\u96aa\uff0c\u5728\u6fb3\u6d32\u7684\u5854\u65af\u99ac\u5c3c\u4e9e\u5cf6\u4e0a\u7684\u85e5\u7528\u7f4c\u7c9f\u7530\uff0c\u5c31\u5e38\u5e38\u6709\u4e0a\u766e\u5230\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u62d4\u7684\u5c0f\u888b\u9f20(wallaby)\u95d6\u9032\u7530\u88e1\u904e\u766e\u5462\uff01\uff08\u53c34\uff09<\/p>\n

\"\u9d09\u7247\u7f4c\u7c9f\u7684\u84b4\u679c\u8207\u4e73\u6c41\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1awiki\"
\u9d09\u7247\u7f4c\u7c9f\u7684\u84b4\u679c\u8207\u4e73\u6c41\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1awiki<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\uff1a<\/strong>
\n1. Toby Musgrave and Will Musgrave. 2008. \u690d\u7269\u5e1d\u570b\uff1a\u4e03\u5927\u7d93\u6fdf\u7da0\u5bf6\u77f3\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u6b0a\u529b\u53f2\u3002\u5e8f\u66f2\u6587\u5316\u3002
\n2. Wikipedia.\u00a0Total synthesis of morphine and related alkaloids<\/a>.
\n3.Elena Fossati, Lauren Narcross, Andrew Ekins, Jean-Pierre Falgueyret, Vincent J. J. Martin. 2015.\u00a0Synthesis of Morphinan Alkaloids in\u00a0Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/em><\/a>. PLOS One. DOI: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0124459.
\n4. Barbara Natterson-Horowitz and Kathryn Bowers. 2013. \u5171\u75c5\u6642\u4ee3\uff1a\u91ab\u5e2b\u3001\u7378\u91ab\u5e2b\u3001\u751f\u614b\u5b78\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u5408\u529b\u5c0d\u6297\u65b0\u4e16\u4ee3\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u96e3\u984c\u3002\u81c9\u8b5c\u51fa\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n

--<\/strong><\/span>
\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u8449\u7da0\u8212\u3000\u6148\u6fdf\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7279\u7d04\u5beb\u624b\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\u5beb\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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