{"id":21616,"date":"2015-05-27T00:48:58","date_gmt":"2015-05-26T16:48:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=21616"},"modified":"2023-06-06T15:16:48","modified_gmt":"2023-06-06T07:16:48","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%b8%e5%8f%b2%e6%b2%99%e9%be%8d%e3%80%91%e5%be%9e%e9%81%94%e7%88%be%e6%96%87%e5%88%b0%e6%8b%89%e9%a6%ac%e5%85%8b%ef%bc%9a%e5%a4%aa%e9%99%bd%e5%ba%95%e4%b8%8b%e7%9c%9f%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=21616","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u6c99\u9f8d\u3011\u5f9e\u9054\u723e\u6587\u5230\u62c9\u99ac\u514b\uff1a\u592a\u967d\u5e95\u4e0b\u771f\u7684\u6c92\u6709\u65b0\u9bae\u4e8b\u55ce\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u25a0\u300c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u4e0d\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5b78\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u96c6\u90f5\u3002\u300d\u8457\u540d\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u62c9\u585e\u798f\u7684\u540d\u8a00\uff0c\u78ba\u5be6\u53cd\u61c9\u51fa\u79d1\u5b78\u7d93\u5e38\u6703\u9577\u6642\u9593\u6c92\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u9032\u5c55\u7684\u8655\u5883\uff0c\u800c\u8a31\u591a\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u88e1\u7684\u300c\u79d1\u5b78\u300d\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u3002\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u85c9\u52a9\u7269\u7406\u5b78\uff0c\u9054\u5230\u5283\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u8207\u9032\u5c55\u5462\uff1f\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u7a81\u7834\u8207\u9032\u5c55\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5c31\u9019\u9ebc\u7121\u61c8\u53ef\u64ca\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/mrDPeUOOMjI\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8b1b\u8005\uff5c<\/strong>\u9577\u5e9a\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u91ab\u7cfb \u5468\u6210\u529f\u6559\u6388<br \/>\n<strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u9ad8\u82f1\u54f2<\/p>\n<p>\u9054\u723e\u6587\u7684\u300a\u7269\u7a2e\u6e90\u59cb\u300b\uff0c\u6beb\u7121\u7591\u554f\u662f\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u53f2\u4e0a\u5283\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u3002\u4ed6\u5341\u5206\u5f37\u8abf\u500b\u9ad4\u8b8a\u7570\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u500b\u9ad4\u8b8a\u7570\u7d93\u904e\u907a\u50b3\u8207\u5929\u64c7\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5c0d\u65bc\u751f\u7269\u70ba\u4f55\u6703\u7522\u751f\u500b\u9ad4\u8b8a\u7570\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u66f8\u4e2d\u5012\u662f\u5f88\u8001\u5be6\u5730\u627f\u8a8d\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u8981\u5230\u6e6f\u746a\u65af\uff0e\u676d\u7279\uff0e\u6469\u6839 (Thomas Hunt Morgan) \u7528\u679c\u8805\u7814\u7a76\u907a\u50b3\u7a81\u8b8a\uff0c\u624d\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e86\u751f\u7269\u7522\u751f\u500b\u9ad4\u8b8a\u7570\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u3002\u9019\u4e2d\u9593\u5c07\u8fd1\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u9054\u723e\u6587\u8ddf\u62c9\u99ac\u514b\u5176\u5be6\u90fd\u63a5\u53d7\u751f\u7269\u6703\u7522\u751f\u8b8a\u7570\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u5dee\u5225\u5728\u65bc\u62c9\u99ac\u514b\u8a8d\u70ba\u8b8a\u7570\u662f\u751f\u7269\u5728\u906d\u9047\u74b0\u5883\u6311\u6230\u4e0b\u56e0\u61c9\u800c\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u9054\u723e\u6587\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u7a81\u8b8a\u5728\u5929\u64c7\u904e\u7a0b\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u554f\u984c\u662f\u6211\u5011\u8981\u600e\u9ebc\u6a23\u900f\u904e\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u4ed6\u5011\u8ab0\u624d\u662f\u5c0d\u7684\uff1f\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u7531\u99ac\u514b\u65af\u00b7\u5fb7\u723e\u5e03\u5442\u514b (Max Ludwig Henning Delbr\u00fcck) \u89e3\u6c7a\uff0c\u4ed6\u8207\u85a9\u723e\u74e6\u591a\u00b7\u76e7\u745e\u4e9e (Salvador Luria) \u5171\u540c\u8a2d\u8a08\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u6ce2\u52d5\u8a66\u9a57 (fluctuation test) \uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u7d30\u83cc\u5c0d\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u62b5\u6297\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u96a8\u6a5f\u7a81\u8b8a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9069\u61c9\u4e0a\u7684\u8b8a\u7570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5fb7\u723e\u5e03\u5442\u514b\u80fd\u5920\u505a\u51fa\u9019\u500b\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u51fa\u65bc\u5076\u7136\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u601d\u8003\u751f\u7269\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u9084\u641e\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u57fa\u56e0\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6771\u897f\u7d44\u6210\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u7528\u4f3d\u99ac\u5c04\u7dda\u7167\u5c04\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u57fa\u56e0\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u7531\u5e7e\u5343\u500b\u539f\u5b50\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u3002\u9019\u500b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u4ee4\u859b\u4e01\u683c\u5927\u70ba\u8b9a\u8cde\uff0c\u4e26\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5728\u6578\u5e74\u5f8c\u5beb\u4e0b\u5f71\u97ff\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u751a\u9245\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u300b (What is Life?) \uff1b\u65e5\u5f8c\u514b\u91cc\u514b\u8ddf\u6c83\u68ee\u767c\u73fe DNA \u7684\u96d9\u87ba\u65cb\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u9019\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u555f\u767c\u751a\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u8a8d\u70ba\u65e2\u7136\u5fb7\u723e\u5e03\u5442\u514b\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u6210\u529f\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u9054\u723e\u6587\u8ddf\u62c9\u99ac\u514b\u5c0d\u65bc\u751f\u7269\u7522\u751f\u500b\u9ad4\u8b8a\u7570\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u898b\u89e3\uff0c\u5f9e\u6b64\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u5b9a\u8ad6\u3002\u6709\u4f4d\u540d\u53eb\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u51f1\u6069\u65af (John Cairns) \u7684\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5728\u5fb7\u723e\u5e03\u5442\u514b\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u75c5\u6bd2\u99ac\u4e0a\u5c31\u628a\u6c92\u6709\u9069\u61c9\u529b\u7684\u7d30\u83cc\u6bba\u6b7b\u4e86\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u7d66\u7d30\u83cc\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u6642\u9593\u9069\u61c9\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u907a\u50b3\u7d66\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u8b8a\u7570\uff1b\u4ed6\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e86\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u542b\u6709\u534a\u4e73\u7cd6\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u8b93\u7d30\u83cc\u4e0d\u6703\u99ac\u4e0a\u5c31\u88ab\u75c5\u6bd2\u6bba\u6b7b\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53cd\u800c\u8b49\u5be6\u4e86\u62c9\u99ac\u514b\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u8ad6\u6587\u7576\u6642\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u55a7\u9a30\u4e00\u6642\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5341\u5e74\u5f8c\u624d\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\u8b8a\u7570\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u96a8\u6a5f\u7522\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u51f1\u6069\u65af\u6240\u505a\u770b\u4f3c\u652f\u6301\u62c9\u99ac\u514b\u8ad6\u9ede\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u7d30\u83cc\u5728\u60e1\u52a3\u7684\u751f\u9577\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u81ea\u5df1\u7522\u751f\u7a81\u8b8a\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u9054\u723e\u6587\u7d42\u7a76\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u52dd\u5229\uff0c\u592a\u967d\u5e95\u4e0b\u7576\u771f\u6c92\u6709\u65b0\u9bae\u4e8b\u55ce\uff1f\u5c31\u5728\u53bb\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u7bc7\u767c\u8868\u65bc\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u300b\u671f\u520a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\u7d66\u8001\u9f20\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u4f7f\u7260\u5011\u990a\u6210\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u7adf\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u907a\u50b3\uff0c\u7559\u50b3\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u51fa\u73fe\u907a\u50b3\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u770b\u4f86\u518d\u600e\u9ebc\u6a23\u5927\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u8457\u6bcb\u5eb8\u8b70\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u6709\u671d\u4e00\u65e5\u9084\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u906d\u5230\u6311\u6230\u751a\u81f3\u985b\u8986\uff0c\u592a\u967d\u5e95\u4e0b\u6c38\u9060\u6703\u6709\u65b0\u9bae\u4e8b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a 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