{"id":21302,"date":"2015-05-26T00:13:26","date_gmt":"2015-05-25T16:13:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=21302"},"modified":"2018-08-01T15:41:07","modified_gmt":"2018-08-01T07:41:07","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%89%a9%e7%a8%ae%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e3%80%91%e6%84%88%e6%8c%ab%e6%84%88%e5%8b%87%e7%9a%84%e5%b1%b1%e5%9c%b0%e5%a4%a7%e7%8c%a9%e7%8c%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=21302","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7269\u7a2e\u7814\u7a76\u3011\u6108\u632b\u6108\u52c7\u7684\u5c71\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>\u25a0\u7576\u4e00\u7a2e\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u6578\u91cf\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u5c11\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u8fd1\u89aa\u7e41\u6b96\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f8c\u4ee3\u7684\u907a\u50b3\u54c1\u8cea\u8b8a\u5dee\uff0c\u8b93\u6574\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\u5931\u53bb\u7af6\u722d\u529b\u800c\u6ec5\u4ea1\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u975e\u6d32\u5c71\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u537b\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u90a3\u9ebc\u7cdf\u7cd5\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_21304\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21304\" style=\"width: 450px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/russavia.png\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-21304\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/russavia-300x216.png\" alt=\"Photo creit: russavia, CC BY-SA 2.0\" width=\"450\" height=\"325\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/russavia-300x216.png 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/russavia.png 554w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-21304\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo creit: russavia, CC BY-SA 2.0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u9ec3\u8c9e\u7965<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u6d32\u525b\u679c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u570b\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5c71\u5730\u7329\u7329\u5b64\u5152Kaboko\u5728\u76dc\u7375\u8005\u624b\u4e2d\u88ab\u7372\u6551\u6642\u53ea\u6709\u56db\u6b72\uff0c\u7260\u56e0\u70ba\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u50b7\u52e2\u88ab\u8feb\u622a\u80a2\u800c\u5931\u53bb\u4e00\u652f\u624b\u81c2\uff0c\u7260\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5728\u7576\u5730\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u7368\u81c2\u300d\u30022012\u5e74\uff0c\u7260\u5728\u5927\u7329\u7329\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u5f85\u5230\u4e5d\u6b72\u5c31\u56e0\u75c5\u904e\u901d\uff0c\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u751f\u5152\u80b2\u5973\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u7260\u7684\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u53e6\u5916\u516d\u96bb\u5c71\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329\u7684\uff0c\u7d66\u4e86\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u6a5f\u6703\u7814\u7a76\u9019\u4e9b\u7015\u5371\u7684\u52d5\u7269\uff0c\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u9003\u904e\u4e00\u52ab\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u7329\u7329\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\uff0d\uff0d\u897f\u90e8\u5927\u7329\u7329(<em>Gorilla gorilla<\/em>)\u548c\u6771\u90e8\u5927\u7329\u7329(<em>Gorilla beringei<\/em>)\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u7684\u68f2\u5730\u4f4d\u65bc\u4e2d\u975e\u7684\u71b1\u5e36\u96e8\u6797\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u7684\u68f2\u5730\u4f4d\u65bc\u525b\u679c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u570b\u6771\u90e8\u3001\u70cf\u5e72\u9054\u3001\u76e7\u5b89\u9054\uff0c\u53c8\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u500b\u4e9e\u7a2e\uff1a\u6771\u90e8\u4f4e\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329(<em>G. b. graueri<\/em>)\u4e3b\u8981\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u525b\u679c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u570b\u4f4e\u5730\u7684\u71b1\u5e36\u96e8\u6797\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u6771\u90e8\u5c71\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329(<em>G. b. beringei)<\/em>\u4e3b\u8981\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u525b\u679c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u570b\u3001\u70cf\u5e72\u9054\u548c\u76e7\u5b89\u9054\u4ea4\u754c\u7684\u7dad\u9b6f\u52a0\u5c71\u8108\u548c\u5e03\u6eab\u8fea\u5c71\u8108\u4e2d\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u4e861981\u5e74\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u68f2\u5730\u7834\u58de\u548c\u76dc\u7375\uff0c\u5c71\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u5269\u4e0b\u5927\u6982\u53ea\u6709250\u96bb\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u5927\u6982\u4e5f\u53ea\u6709480\u96bb\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u6c92\u6709\u5c71\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329\u88ab\u4eba\u985e\u98fc\u990a\uff0c\u904e\u53bb\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u50c5\u80fd\u5920\u5f9e\u91ce\u5916\u63a1\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u6bdb\u9aee\u548c\u7cde\u4fbf\u8403\u53d6DNA\u7684\u9032\u884c\u907a\u50b3\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u90a3\u4e9bDNA\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u597d\u5230\u80fd\u5920\u7528\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\u5c71\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329\u7684\u907a\u50b3\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8fd1\u89aa\u7e41\u6b96\u3002\u9019\u6703\u4f7f\u5f97\u5169\u500b\u5c0d\u5076\u57fa\u56e0\u4e0a\u7684\u81f4\u547d\u6216\u81f4\u75c5\u96b1\u6027\u7a81\u8b8a\u914d\u5728\u4e00\u584a\uff0c\u8b93\u5f8c\u4ee3\u6c92\u6709\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u53ef\u7528\u800c\u6b7b\u6389\u6216\u9ad4\u5f31\u591a\u75c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u82f1\u570b\u6851\u683c\u7814\u7a76\u9662(Sanger Institute)\u7684Chris Tyler-Smith\u548c\u528d\u6a4b\u5927\u5b78\u7684Aylwyn Scally\u7b49\u4eba\u56e0\u70ba\u6a5f\u6703\u96e3\u9022\u52a0\u4e0a\u570b\u969b\u6cd5\u898f\u7684\u56b4\u82db\uff0c\u7b49\u4e86\u516d\u5e74\u624d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7a00\u5c11\u7684\u5c71\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329\u8840\u6db2\u6a23\u672c\uff0c\u4f86\u8403\u53d6\u54c1\u8cea\u66f4\u4f73\u7684DNA\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u6234\u7dad\u65af\u5206\u6821\u7684\u7378\u91abMichael Cranfield\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u6cbb\u7642\u53d7\u50b7\u7684\u5c71\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329\u6642\u53d6\u5f97\u8840\u6db2\u6a23\u672c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5f9e\u525b\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\u8eab\u4e0a\u53d6\u5f97\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Kaboko\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5e78\u904b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u5b9a\u5e8f\u7684\u50f9\u683c\u5728\u9019\u5e7e\u5e74\u9593\u5927\u5e45\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u8f15\u9b06\u5730\u70ba\u66f4\u591a\u500b\u9ad4\u5b9a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u6578\u91cf\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u897f\u90e8\u5927\u7329\u7329\u7684\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u5c31\u88ab\u5b9a\u5e8f\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4e03\u96bb\u5c71\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u70ba\u516d\u96bb\u6771\u90e8\u4f4e\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u5b9a\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u8207\u897f\u90e8\u5927\u7329\u7329\u4f5c\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u80fd\u5920\u5229\u7528\u65cf\u7fa4\u907a\u50b3\u5b78\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a8\u4f30\u9019\u4e9b\u5927\u7329\u7329\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u6578\u91cf\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u539f\u4f86\u5c71\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u6578\u65e9\u5230\u5341\u842c\u5e74\u524d\u56e0\u70ba\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u5c31\u5927\u5e45\u4e0b\u964d\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7260\u5011\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u6578\u91cf\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u5169\u842c\u5e74\u9593\u5c31\u66fe\u6389\u5230\u53ea\u5269\u5e7e\u767e\u96bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u5b9a\u5e8f\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u80fd\u5920\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u4f55\u7260\u5011\u7684\u907a\u50b3\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u6975\u4f4e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u500b\u9ad4\u6709\u5927\u6982\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u67d3\u8272\u9ad4\u5340\u57df\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6a21\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u3002\u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u897f\u90e8\u5927\u7329\u7329\u53ea\u670914\uff05\u7684\u67d3\u8272\u9ad4\u5340\u57df\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u9019\u9ebc\u4f4e\u7684\u907a\u50b3\u591a\u6a23\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u64d4\u6182\u7260\u5011\u662f\u5426\u6703\u9ad4\u5f31\u591a\u75c5\u6216\u8005\u5c0d\u74b0\u5883\u8b8a\u5316\u654f\u611f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u5011\u540c\u6642\u9084\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5c71\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329\u5e36\u6709\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u7834\u58de\u6027\u7a81\u8b8a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u904e\u53bb\u65cf\u7fa4\u4e0b\u964d\u7522\u751f\u7684\u74f6\u9838\u6548\u61c9\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u628a\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u7a81\u8b8a\u6383\u9664\u5f97\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u80fd\u5b58\u6d3b\u4e0b\u7684\u7956\u5148\u5c31\u5e36\u6709\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u81f4\u547d\u7a81\u8b8a\uff0c\u9019\u8b93\u73fe\u5728\u8fd1\u89aa\u7e41\u6b96\u7522\u751f\u7684\u60e1\u679c\u5728\u5c71\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329\u65cf\u7fa4\u4e2d\u76f8\u5c0d\u8f03\u8f15\u5fae<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u5920\u52a0\u5f37\u4fdd\u80b2\u800c\u518d\u7d66\u9019\u4e9b\u5c71\u5730\u5927\u7329\u7329\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u7260\u5011\u7684\u547d\u904b\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u6703\u592a\u4ee4\u4eba\u60b2\u89c0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u539f\u5b78\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\uff1a<\/strong>Xue, Y. et al. Mountain gorilla genomes reveal the impact of long-term population decline and inbreeding. Science 348, 242\u2013245 (2015).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong><br \/>\n1. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. \"<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2015\/04\/150409143031.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mountain gorillas: Lots of deleterious genetic variation disappeared from population thanks to inbreeding.<\/a>\" ScienceDaily. 9 April 2015.<br \/>\n2. Boer Deng. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/mountain-gorillas-stuck-in-genetic-bottleneck-1.17277\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mountain gorillas stuck in genetic bottleneck. <\/a>NATURE | NEWS. 9 April 2015.<br \/>\n3. Bob Holmes. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newscientist.com\/article\/dn27316-extreme-inbreeding-is-no-big-deal-for-mountain-gorillas.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Extreme inbreeding is no big deal for mountain gorillas.<\/a> New Scientist.com. 09 April 2015.<br \/>\n4. Elizabeth Pennisi. <a href=\"http:\/\/news.sciencemag.org\/biology\/2015\/04\/mountain-gorilla-genome-provides-hope-animal-s-future\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mountain gorilla genome provides hope for animal\u2019s future.<\/a> News in Science. 9 April 2015.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>--<\/strong><\/span><br style=\"color: #000000;\" \/><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u9ec3\u8c9e\u7965 \u73fe\u65bc\u53f0\u7063\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u64d4\u4efb\u535a\u58eb\u5f8c\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u9ce5\u985e\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u907a\u50b3\u5b78\u3001\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u5b78\u53ca\u6f14\u5316\u767c\u80b2 \u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7279\u7d04\u5beb\u624b\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\u5beb\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/line.me\/R\/ti\/p\/%40fcx6182w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/scdn.line-apps.com\/n\/line_add_friends\/btn\/zh-Hant.png\" alt=\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\" width=\"212\" height=\"36\" border=\"0\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u7576\u4e00\u7a2e\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u6578\u91cf\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u5c11\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u56e0\u70ba<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":21304,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,26,1025],"tags":[129,1809,1464,1808,1590],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/russavia.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21302"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21302"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21302\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32224,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21302\/revisions\/32224"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/21304"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21302"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21302"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21302"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}