{"id":21083,"date":"2015-03-23T00:56:23","date_gmt":"2015-03-22T16:56:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=21083"},"modified":"2023-06-06T15:19:14","modified_gmt":"2023-06-06T07:19:14","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%b8%e5%8f%b2%e6%b2%99%e9%be%8d%e3%80%91%e9%8d%8a%e9%87%91%e8%a1%93%e7%9a%84%e5%89%8d%e4%b8%96%e4%bb%8a%e7%94%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=21083","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u6c99\u9f8d\u3011\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u7684\u524d\u4e16\u4eca\u751f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u25a0\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u79d1\u5b78\u55ce\uff1f\u9019\u8ddf\u4f60\u5c0d\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u9673\u7af9\u4ead\u6559\u6388\u5728\u9019\u6b21\u8b1b\u5ea7\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f9e\u8209\u4e16\u516c\u8a8d\u6700\u5049\u5927\u7684\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u58eb\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53bb\u63a2\u8a0e\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u79d1\u5b78\u5178\u7bc4\u300d\u9019\u6a94\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u660e\u78ba\u5730\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u7406\u51fa\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u8207\u5316\u5b78\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u8207\u5dee\u5225\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/7EKMQdA9R2k\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8b1b\u8005\uff5c<\/strong> \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb \u9673\u7af9\u4ead\u6559\u6388<br \/>\n<strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u9ad8\u82f1\u54f2<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0d\u65bc\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u58eb\uff0c\u5341\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u745e\u58eb\u4eba\u5e15\u62c9\u51f1\u723e\u8607\u58eb (Paracelsus) \u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u800c\u300c\u77e5\u8b58\u5c31\u662f\u7d93\u9a57\u300d (knowledge is experience) \u3002\u5e15\u62c9\u51f1\u723e\u8607\u58eb\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u672c\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u6bd4\u7f85\u99ac\u6642\u671f\u7559\u4e0b\u91ab\u5b78\u767e\u79d1\u5927\u5168\u7684\u5049\u5927\u91ab\u751f\u51f1\u723e\u8607\u58eb (Aulus Cornelius Celsus) \u66f4\u52a0\u5049\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u81ea\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u8d85\uff0e\u51f1\u723e\u8607\u58eb\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u591a\u4eba\u89ba\u5f97\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u500b\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u58eb\u3002\u4ed6\u5f9e\u5c0f\u5c31\u8ddf\u7236\u89aa\u5b78\u7fd2\u934a\u91d1\u8853\uff0c\u5927\u5b78\u7562\u696d\u4e4b\u5f8c\u4e5f\u85c9\u8457\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u5404\u8655\u884c\u8d70\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u8490\u96c6\u5404\u5730\u6c11\u9593\u7684\u934a\u91d1\u79d8\u5bc6\u3002\u4ed6\u4e26\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u5b78\u9662\u6d3e\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u66fe\u7d93\u8aaa\u904e\u300c\u5b78\u9662\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5c08\u9580\u88fd\u9020\u9a62\u5b50\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!--more-->\u771f\u6b63\u5960\u5b9a\u5e15\u62c9\u51f1\u723e\u8607\u58eb\u5728\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u4e0a\u7684\u5178\u7bc4\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u53cd\u5c0d\u81ea\u5e0c\u81d8\u6642\u671f\u7684\u84cb\u502b (Galen of Pergamon) \u50b3\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u4e9e\u91cc\u65af\u591a\u5fb7\u5b78\u6d3e\u7684\u7684\u56db\u9ad4\u6db2\u8aaa\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u628a\u91ab\u5b78\u8ddf\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u9996\u5275\u5316\u5b78\u85e5\u7406\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u4eca\u65e5\u91ab\u7642\u5316\u5b78\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f35\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e26\u975e\u934a\u51fa\u91d1\u9280\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u934a\u51fa\u6709\u76ca\u4eba\u9ad4\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u4f86\uff1b\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6771\u897f\u90fd\u6709\u6bd2\uff0c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5b83\u662f\u6bd2\u85e5\u9084\u662f\u89e3\u85e5\u7684\u5728\u65bc\u5291\u91cf\uff0c\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u627e\u51fa\u96b1\u85cf\u5728\u85e5\u7269\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u8207\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u5316\u5b78\u7642\u6cd5\u7576\u505a\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e26\u8acb\u8981\u7528\u7cbe\u6e96\u7684\u914d\u65b9\uff0c\u5584\u7528\u7926\u7269\u6cbb\u75c5\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u6df1\u6df1\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u5f8c\u4e16\u7684\u91ab\u7642\u5316\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u5ba2\u89c0\u5730\u8a55\u50f9\u5e15\u62c9\u51f1\u723e\u8607\u58eb\u9019\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u934a\u91d1\u570b\u5ea6\u7684\u5929\u624d\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5883\u754c\u59cb\u7d42\u767b\u4e0d\u4e0a\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u6bbf\u5802\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u5e15\u62c9\u51f1\u723e\u8607\u58eb\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u57fa\u790e\u662f\u7d93\u9a57\u8207\u5be6\u52d9\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u537b\u4f7f\u5f97\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u518d\u600e\u9ebc\u8f49\uff0c\u4e5f\u8f49\u4e0d\u9032\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5927\u9580\u3002\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u58eb\u5c0d\u65bc\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6e3e\u6c8c\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u5206\u8fa8\u7269\u7406\u8b8a\u5316\u8ddf\u5316\u5b78\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u5dee\u5225\uff1b\u4ed6\u5011\u53c8\u64fa\u812b\u4e0d\u4e86\u5c0d\u65bc\u934a\u51fa\u300c\u8ce2\u8005\u4e4b\u77f3\u300d\u7684\u57f7\u8457\uff0c\u72c2\u71b1\u5730\u63a2\u7d22\u7b87\u4e2d\u5967\u7955\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u59cb\u7d42\u8d70\u4e0d\u51fa\u9019\u500b\u7531\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u5b97\u6559\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u6e3e\u6c8c\u8ff7\u9663\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5316\u5b78\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u5247\u662f\u8981\u900f\u904e\u5be6\u9a57\u53bb\u9a57\u8b49\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5049\u5927\u7684\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u58eb\u5e03\u862d\u5fb7 (Hennig Brandt) \uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u900f\u904e\u5be6\u9a57\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f9e\u5c3f\u6db2\u4e2d\u5206\u96e2\u51fa\u767d\u78f7\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6ce2\u4ee5\u8033 (Robert Boyle) \u4ee5\u7c21\u55ae\u6709\u5e8f\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u91cd\u8907\u9032\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9032\u884c\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u78ba\u7acb\u4e86\u5be6\u9a57\u8981\u6709\u6e05\u695a\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u4ee5\u6aa2\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5178\u7bc4\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u62c9\u74e6\u7bc0 (Antoine Lavoisier) \u4ee5\u7cbe\u5bc6\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u70ba\u6839\u64da\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u8cea\u91cf\u5b88\u6046\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u5f9e\u6b64\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u812b\u96e2\u4e86\u5343\u9918\u5e74\u4f86\u7684\u865b\u6e3a\u5e7b\u5883\uff0c\u843d\u5be6\u5230\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u5b78\u7684\u9818\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u56de\u5230\u9019\u500b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u6700\u521d\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u79d1\u5b78\u55ce\uff1f\u4ee5\u8fd1\u4ee3\u897f\u65b9\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u4e09\u500b\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u73fe\u8c61\u3001\u61c9\u7528\u8207\u7406\u8ad6\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u58eb\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u900f\u904e\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u7d2f\u7a4d\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7d93\u5f97\u8d77\u9a57\u8b49\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u8ddf\u4f60\u7d93\u9a57\u5230\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5357\u8f45\u5317\u8f4d\u7684\u5169\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u6709\u900f\u904e\u4e0d\u65b7\u7684\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u4f86\u78ba\u5b9a\u73fe\u8c61\u3001\u61c9\u7528\u8ddf\u7406\u8ad6\u4e09\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u878d\u5408\u7121\u7919\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u6b63\u662f\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u4e2d\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u6d41\u8457\u934a\u91d1\u8853\u58eb\u7684\u8840\u6db2\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u50b3\u627f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8981\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8d85\u8d8a\u5e15\u62c9\u51f1\u723e\u8607\u58eb\u7684\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u518d\u600e\u9ebc\u5929\u8cc7\u8070\u7a4e\u7684\u4ed6\uff0c\u7d42\u5176\u4e00\u751f\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u9054\u5230\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a 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