{"id":20988,"date":"2015-04-09T00:32:18","date_gmt":"2015-04-08T16:32:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=20988"},"modified":"2018-08-01T15:37:30","modified_gmt":"2018-08-01T07:37:30","slug":"%e3%80%90%e6%a4%8d%e7%89%a9%e7%99%be%e7%a7%91%e3%80%91%e5%b0%8f%e9%ba%a5%e4%bd%95%e6%99%82%e5%82%b3%e5%85%a5%e8%8b%b1%e5%9c%8b%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=20988","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u690d\u7269\u767e\u79d1\u3011\u5c0f\u9ea5\u4f55\u6642\u50b3\u5165\u82f1\u570b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\u4e00\u7c92\u9ea5\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a"Triticum
\u4e00\u7c92\u9ea5\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\"Triticum monococcum0\".
Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u8449\u7da0\u8212<\/p>\n

\u5c0f\u9ea5(Triticum sp.<\/em> )\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8fb2\u4f5c\u7269\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5169\u7a2e\u4eba\u985e\u8015\u4f5c\u6b77\u53f2\u6700\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u8fb2\u4f5c\u7269\u4e4b\u4e00(\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u5927\u9ea5)\u3002\u5c0f\u9ea5\u5927\u7d04\u5728\u8ddd\u4eca\u4e00\u842c\u5230\u4e00\u842c\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u8207\u5927\u9ea5\u4e00\u540c\u5728\u80a5\u6c83\u6708\u5f4e(Fertile Crescent)\u99b4\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u6240\u99b4\u5316\u7684\u5c0f\u9ea5\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u770b\u5230\u7684\u5c0f\u9ea5\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u88ab\u4eba\u985e\u5927\u91cf\u7a2e\u690d\u7684\u5c0f\u9ea5\u7a31\u70ba\u9eb5\u5305\u5c0f\u9ea5(wheat\uff0cT. aestivum<\/em>)\uff0c\u7e3d\u5171\u670942\u689d\u67d3\u8272\u9ad4\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9eb5\u5305\u5c0f\u9ea5\u5728\u5927\u7d0420\u842c\u5e74\u524d\u4fbf\u5df2\u7d93\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u80a5\u6c83\u6708\u5f4e\u7684\u5c0f\u9ea5\u662f\u4e00\u7c92\u9ea5(einkorn\uff0cT. urartu<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>\u6216\u662f\u00a0<\/em>T. monococcum<\/em>)\u8207\u4e8c\u7c92\u9ea5(emmer\uff0cT. dicoccum<\/em>)\u3002\u9eb5\u5305\u5c0f\u9ea5\u7684\u6297\u5bd2\u6027\u6bd4\u4e00\u7c92\u9ea5\u3001\u4e8c\u7c92\u9ea5\u90fd\u597d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u63a5\u89f8\u5230\u9eb5\u5305\u5c0f\u9ea5\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e00\u7c92\u9ea5\u8207\u4e8c\u7c92\u9ea5\u4fbf\u9010\u6f38\u5f0f\u5fae\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c0f\u9ea5\u5728\u80a5\u6c83\u6708\u5f4e\u99b4\u5316\u5f8c\uff0c\u4fbf\u96a8\u8457\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u8173\u6b65\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u50b3\u64ad\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5c0f\u9ea5\u5927\u7d04\u5728\u516b\u5343\u4e94\u767e\u5e74\u524d\u50b3\u5230\u5e0c\u81d8\uff0c\u516b\u5343\u5e74\u524d\u50b3\u5230\u57c3\u53ca\uff0c\u518d\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u5230\u5fb7\u570b\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c0f\u9ea5\u7d42\u65bc\u5728\u4e94\u3001\u516d\u5343\u5e74\u524d\u5230\u82f1\u570b\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5230\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u6642\u9593\u9ede\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u6709\u4e9b\u722d\u8b70\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u8003\u53e4\u5b78\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba\u6c92\u6709\u90a3\u9ebc\u665a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u5e7e\u4efd\u8b49\u64da\u8aaa\u5e7e\u5206\u8a71\u624d\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u5927\u5bb6\u52aa\u529b\u627e\u8b49\u64da\u7f77\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u5357\u90e8\u7684Bouldnor Cliff\u7684\u6d77\u5e8a(\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8acb\u898b\u4e0b\u5716)\u4e0a\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5c0f\u9ea5\u50b3\u5165\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5927\u7d04\u8981\u6bd4\u539f\u5148\u60f3\u7684\u5f80\u524d\u63a8\u5169\u5343\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Bouldnor
Bouldnor Cliff\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08A\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u767c\u6398\u7684\u5730\u9ede\uff08B\uff09\u3002
\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aScience<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9019\u500b\u9ede\u6703\u88ab\u9078\u4e0a\u5462\uff1f\u539f\u4f86\uff0c\u904e\u53bb\u5728\u8003\u53e4\u4e0a\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u5df2\u7d93\u8b93\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u5e36\u7684\u5148\u6c11\u5011\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e0d\u5217\u985b\u672c\u5cf6(mainland Britain)\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u5011\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u6280\u80fd\u4e0a\u8981\u5148\u9032\u5f97\u591a\uff1b\u800c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u986f\u7136\u662f\u5411\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u5148\u6c11\u5b78\u7fd2\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u6696\uff0c\u51b0\u6cb3\u6d88\u878d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6d77\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u6607\u5f8c\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u5e36\u6f38\u6f38\u8b8a\u5f97\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u5c45\u4f4f\uff1b\u65bc\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u96e2\u958b\u4e86\u5bb6\u5712\uff0c\u5411\u8457\u9ad8\u5730\u51fa\u767c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u5148\u63a2\u6e2c\u9019\u4e00\u5e36\u7684\u6d77\u5e8a\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d\u6c92\u6709\u88ab\u64fe\u52d5\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u4fbf\u958b\u59cb\u947d\u53d6\u6d77\u5e8a\u6c88\u7a4d\u7269\u7684\u6a23\u672c(\u947d\u53d6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u898b\u4e0a\u5716C)\uff0c\u5206\u6bb5\u6aa2\u6e2c\u3001\u5206\u6790DNA\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u9996\u5148\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5728\u6d77\u6c34\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u628a\u9019\u4e00\u5e36\u6df9\u6c92\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u6a39\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u6a61\u6a39\u3001\u767d\u694a\u3001\u860b\u679c\u6a39\u3001\u5c71\u6bdb\u6af8(beech)\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6c88\u7a4d\u7269\u4e2d\u9084\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u79be\u672c\u79d1(Poaceae)\u690d\u7269\u3002\u7531\u5e8f\u5217\u4f86\u5206\u6790\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u79be\u672c\u79d1\u690d\u7269\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u5217\u985b\u5cf6\u4e0a\u539f\u751f\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\uff0c\u5982\u8cf4\u8349(Leymus<\/em>)\u3001\u51b0\u8349(Agropyron<\/em>)\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u6c88\u7a4d\u7269\u4e2d\u7684DNA\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u8207\u9ea5\u5c6c(Triticum<\/em>)\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5b8c\u5168\u543b\u5408\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e00\u7c92\u9ea5\uff01<\/p>\n

\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u985e\u7684\u53e4\u4ee3\u6a23\u672c\u7684DNA\u5206\u6790\u8981\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u5fc3\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u770b\u300c\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\u5854\u4eba\uff1a\u627e\u5c0b\u5931\u843d\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7d44<\/a>\u300d\u9019\u672c\u66f8\uff0c\u800c\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u5c0f\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6aa2\u6e2c\u904e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u8a66\u5291\uff0c\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u9ea5\u5c6c\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u6c61\u67d3\uff1b\u800c\u4e14\u9032\u884c\u6240\u6709\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\uff0c\u904e\u53bb\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u5206\u6790\u904e\u9ea5\u5c6c\u7684\u690d\u7269\u7684DNA\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u78ba\u5b9a\u5728\u6d77\u5e8a\u6c88\u7a4d\u7269\u88e1\u9762\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u9ea5\u5c6c(\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e00\u7c92\u9ea5)\u7684DNA\u662f\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6c61\u67d3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u6a23\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u9084\u6e2c\u5230\u72d7\u3001\u72fc\u3001\u725b\u3001\u9e7f\u3001\u677e\u96de(grouse)\u8207\u9f67\u9f52\u985e\u7684DNA\uff1b\u9019\u4e9bDNA\u4e5f\u543b\u5408\u4e2d\u77f3\u5668\u6642\u4ee3(Mesolithic)\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u7576\u5730\u7684\u6d77\u5e8a\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u6aa2\u6e2c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5176\u5e74\u4ee3\u5927\u7d04\u662f\u516b\u5343\u5e74\u524d\u5de6\u53f3\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u82e5\u6aa2\u6e2c\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u9ea5\u5c6cDNA\u7684\u78ba\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u9019\u4e00\u5e36\u7684\u6d77\u5e8a\u6c88\u7a4d\u7269\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5c0f\u9ea5(\u4e00\u7c92\u9ea5)\u50b3\u5165\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u8981\u6bd4\u539f\u5148\u8a2d\u60f3\u7684\u5f80\u524d\u63a8\u5169\u5343\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u7a7a\u7684\u82f1\u570b\u5148\u6c11\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u771f\u7684\u5b78\u6703\u7a2e\u5c0f\u9ea5\u7684\u6280\u8853\u4e86\u5462\uff1f\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u53ea\u662f\u7d93\u7531\u4ee5\u7269\u6613\u7269\uff0c\u5f9e\u6b50\u6d32\u5927\u9678\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5c0f\u9ea5\u7684\u7a2e\u5b50\u4f86\u98df\u7528\uff1f\u7531\u65bc\u7576\u5730\u7684\u6d77\u5e8a\u6c88\u7a4d\u7269\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u8b49\u64da\u53ef\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u8fb2\u696d\u7684\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6392\u9664\u5f8c\u9762\u9019\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\uff1b\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u5730\u5340\u8015\u7a2e\u3002\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5e7e\u7bc7\u570b\u5916\u7684\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u7d04\u800c\u540c\u7684\u628a\u300c\u9060\u53e4\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u5546\u696d\u884c\u70ba\u300d\u7576\u4f5c\u6a19\u984c(\u79d1\u5b78\u4eba<\/a>\u3001\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u6642\u5831<\/a>)\uff0c\u5012\u662fNature News<\/a>\u8207Science Now<\/a>\u76f8\u5c0d\u5c31\u4fdd\u5b88\u591a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\uff1a<\/strong>
\nOliver Smith. 2015.\u00a0Sedimentary DNA from a submerged site reveals wheat in the British Isles 8000 years ago<\/a>. Science. 347\uff086225\uff09\uff1a998-1001<\/p>\n

--<\/strong><\/span>
\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u8449\u7da0\u8212\u3000\u6148\u6fdf\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7279\u7d04\u5beb\u624b\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\u5beb\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u8449\u7da0\u8212 \u5c0f\u9ea5(Triticum s<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":20989,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,26],"tags":[1719,619,1717,1716,1243,1718],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Triticum_monococcum0.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20988"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=20988"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20988\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32216,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20988\/revisions\/32216"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/20989"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=20988"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=20988"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=20988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}