{"id":20726,"date":"2015-03-20T00:07:22","date_gmt":"2015-03-19T16:07:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=20726"},"modified":"2018-08-01T14:48:09","modified_gmt":"2018-08-01T06:48:09","slug":"%e3%80%90%e6%b5%b7%e6%b4%8b%e7%94%9f%e6%85%8b%e3%80%91%e9%af%a8%e8%b1%9a%e5%98%b4%e8%a3%a1%e7%9a%84%e5%a4%a7%e5%93%89%e5%95%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=20726","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u614b\u3011\u9be8\u8c5a\u5634\u88e1\u7684\u5927\u54c9\u554f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\u5716\u4e00\uff1a\u6cd5\u570b\u5df4\u9ece\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u8207\u6bd4\u8f03\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u535a\u7269\u9928(Galerie
\u5716\u4e00\uff1a\u6cd5\u570b\u5df4\u9ece\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u8207\u6bd4\u8f03\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u535a\u7269\u9928(Galerie de pal\u00e9ontologie et d'anatomie compar\u00e9e)\u4e00\u6a13\u4e3b\u5c55\u5ef3\u5167\u7684\u9be8\u8c5a\u9aa8\u9abc\u6a19\u672c\u5011\u3002\u756b\u9762\u6b63\u4e2d\u592e\u662f\u4e00\u96bb\u62b9\u9999\u9be8(\u53ea\u6709\u4e0b\u984e\u6709\u591a\u6578\u5c0d\u7259\u9f52)\uff0c\u62b9\u9999\u9be8\u5f8c\u65b9\u662f\u4e00\u96bb\u9b1a\u9be8(\u6c92\u6709\u7259\u9f52)\uff0c\u62b9\u9999\u9be8\u7684\u5de6\u65b9\u662f\u4e00\u96bb\u5599\u9be8(\u53ea\u6709\u4e0b\u984e\u524d\u7aef\u6709\u4e00\u5c0d\u7259\u9f52)\u3002\u62b9\u9999\u9be8\u53f3\u65b9\u662f\u6cd5\u570b\u8457\u540d\u6bd4\u8f03\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u5bb6Georges Cuvier\u7684\u96d5\u50cf\u3002\uff08\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7b46\u8005\u672c\u4eba\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u9673\u7469<\/p>\n

\u7b46\u8005\u5728\u5148\u524d\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff1c\u9c2d\u8c8c\u4e0d\u63da\uff0d\u9be8\u8c5a\u80f8\u9c2d\u7684\u7955\u5bc6<\/a>\uff1e\u88e1\uff0c\u63d0\u5230\u9be8\u8c5a\u6307\u7bc0\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u540c\u7a2e\u9084\u662f\u7570\u7a2e\u9593\u90fd\u6709\u8457\u660e\u986f\u7684\u8b8a\u7570\u6027\u3002\u8b80\u8005\u5011\u5982\u679c\u78b0\u5de7\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u4e00\u904a\u535a\u7269\u9928\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u56e0\u6b64\u7279\u5225\u6ce8\u610f\u9be8\u8c5a\u7684\u9aa8\u9abc\u6a19\u672c\u5462\uff1f\u5728\u89c0\u5bdf\u9be8\u8c5a\u80f8\u9c2d\u9aa8\u9abc\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u5bdf\u89ba\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7a2e\u985e\u9be8\u8c5a\u7684\u7259\u9f52\u6578\u76ee\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u4e5f\u6709\u8457\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u8b8a\u7570\u6027\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u518d\u770b\u5f97\u66f4\u4ed4\u7d30\u4e9b\uff0c\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u89ba\u5f97\u6d77\u8c5a\u7684\u7259\u9f52\u5f62\u72c0\uff0c\u548c\u6211\u5011\u4eba\u985e\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5c55\u5834\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u9678\u751f\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u6709\u9ede\u4e0d\u5927\u4e00\u6a23\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/strong>\u73fe\u751f\u9be8\u8c5a\u7684\u7259\u9f52\u7279\u8272
\n<\/strong>\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u80ce\u751f\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\uff0c\u90fd\u64c1\u6709\u9580\u9f52\u3001\u72ac\u9f52\u3001\u524d\u81fc\u9f52\u548c\u81fc\u9f52\u7b49\u56db\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u7259\u9f52\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u7570\u578b\u9f52\u300d(heterodonty)\u3002\u98df\u87fb\u7378\u548c\u9be8\u8c5a\u662f\u50c5\u6709\u7684\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u5177\u7570\u578b\u9f52\u7279\u5fb5\u7684\u80ce\u751f\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u985e\u7fa4\u3002\u98df\u87fb\u7378\u548c\u9be8\u8c5a\u985e\u7fa4\u88e1\u7684\u300c\u9b1a\u9be8\u300d(Mysticeti, \u50cf\u85cd\u9be8\u3001\u5927\u7fc5\u9be8\u4e00\u985e\u900f\u904e\u9be8\u9b1a\u677f\u6ffe\u98df\u7684\u9be8\u7a2e)\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7259\u9f52\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7576\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u578b\u7259\u9f52\u7684\u5340\u5225\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9be8\u8c5a\u985e\u7fa4\u88e1\u7684\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6709\u7259\u9f52\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u985e\u5b78\u4e0a\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u9f52\u9be8\u300d(Odontoceti)\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u5011(\u50cf\u662f\u62b9\u9999\u9be8\u3001\u864e\u9be8\u3001\u74f6\u9f3b\u6d77\u8c5a)\uff0c\u4e00\u6a23\u6c92\u6709\u7570\u578b\u9f52\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u3002\u5728\u9f52\u9be8\u5634\u88e1\u6240\u6709\u7259\u9f52\u5f62\u72c0\u90fd\u9577\u4e00\u6a23\u9019\u6b3e\u5f62\u614b\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u540c\u578b\u9f52\u300d(homodonty)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u80ce\u751f\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u88e1\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5404\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u7259\u9f52\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u6703\u56e0\u7269\u7a2e\u800c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ecd\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u985e\u7fa4\u90fd\u4fdd\u6709\u300c\u55ae\u5074\u4e09\u9846\u9580\u9f52\u3001\u4e00\u9846\u72ac\u9f52\u3001\u56db\u9846\u524d\u81fc\u9f52\u3001\u4e09\u9846\u81fc\u9f52\u300d\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u7259\u9f52\u5e8f\u5217\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u76f8\u540c\u985e\u7fa4\u5167\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u7259\u9f52\u6578\u76ee\u8b8a\u7570\u4e26\u4e0d\u5927\u3002\u6c92\u6709\u7259\u9f52\u7684\u98df\u87fb\u7378\u548c\u9b1a\u9be8\u5c31\u4e0d\u63d0\u4e86\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7a2e\u985e\u7684\u9f52\u9be8\u4e4b\u9593\u7259\u9f52\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u537b\u6709\u8457\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u6027\uff0d\u6709\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c11\u5230\u50cf\u67cf\u6c0f\u4e2d\u5599\u9be8\u4e00\u6a23\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5c0d\u9577\u5728\u4e0b\u984e\u7684\u7259\u9f52\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u5230\u50cf\u9577\u543b\u771f\u6d77\u8c5a\uff0c\u5149\u662f\u55ae\u5074\u7259\u5e8a\u5c31\u9577\u6eff\u9ad8\u905467\u9846\u7684\u5c16\u7259\u3002\u50cf\u771f\u6d77\u8c5a\u9019\u6a23\u7259\u9f52\u8d85\u591a\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u591a\u9f52\u300d(polydonty)\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u9be8\u8c5a\u7259\u9f52\u6578\u76ee\u4e5f\u548c\u80f8\u9c2d\u6307\u7bc0\u6578\u76ee\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7a2e\u985e\u4e5f\u6709\u67d0\u500b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u8b8a\u7570\u6027\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u96d6\u7136\u5716\u9451\u88e1\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u4ecb\u7d39\u745e\u6c0f\u6d77\u8c5a\u64c1\u6709\u4e8c\u5230\u4e03\u5c0d\u7684\u7259\u9f52\uff0c\u4f46\u751f\u606f\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u6d77\u57df\u540c\u7a2e\u6d77\u8c5a\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6578\u90fd\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u5230\u56db\u5c0d\u7259\u9f52\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u4e09\u7a2e\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u7259\u9f52\u6392\u5217\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002A\u70ba\u5c0f\u5bb6\u9f20(\u4e00\u9846\u9580\u9f52\u3001\u4e09\u9846\u81fc\u9f52)\uff0cB\u662f\u5bb6\u8c6c(\u4e09\u9846\u9580\u9f52\u3001\u4e00\u9846\u72ac\u9f52\u3001\u56db\u9846\u524d\u81fc\u9f52\u3001\u4e09\u9846\u81fc\u9f52\u3002\u5716\u70ba\u5e7c\u5e74\u500b\u9ad4\u6240\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e09\u9846\u81fc\u9f52\u5c1a\u672a\u5192\u51fa)\uff0cC\u662f\u71b1\u5e36\u6591\u6d77\u8c5a(\u55ae\u507434-48\u9846\u7259\u9f52)\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aArmfield
\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u4e09\u7a2e\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u7259\u9f52\u6392\u5217\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002A\u70ba\u5c0f\u5bb6\u9f20(\u4e00\u9846\u9580\u9f52\u3001\u4e09\u9846\u81fc\u9f52)\uff0cB\u662f\u5bb6\u8c6c(\u4e09\u9846\u9580\u9f52\u3001\u4e00\u9846\u72ac\u9f52\u3001\u56db\u9846\u524d\u81fc\u9f52\u3001\u4e09\u9846\u81fc\u9f52\u3002\u5716\u70ba\u5e7c\u5e74\u500b\u9ad4\u6240\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e09\u9846\u81fc\u9f52\u5c1a\u672a\u5192\u51fa)\uff0cC\u662f\u71b1\u5e36\u6591\u6d77\u8c5a(\u55ae\u507434-48\u9846\u7259\u9f52)\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aArmfield et al. 2013. PeerJ 1:e24.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u25cf<\/strong>\u53e4\u4ee3\u9be8\u8c5a\u7684\u7259\u9f52
\n<\/strong>\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u73fe\u4ee3\u9be8\u8c5a\u7684\u8001\u7956\u5b97\u7684\u53e4\u9be8\u985e\u7fa4(archaeocetes)\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u59cb\u65b0\u4e16(Eocene\uff0c\u8ddd\u4eca5580\u842c\u5e74\uff0d3390\u842c\u5e74\u524d)\u524d\u671f\u9678\u68f2\u7684\u5df4\u57fa\u9be8(pakicetids)\uff0c\u4e2d\u671f\u534a\u6c34\u751f\u7684\u539f\u9be8(protocetids)\u548c\u4e2d\u5f8c\u671f\u5b8c\u5168\u6c34\u751f\u7684\u9f8d\u738b\u9be8(basilosaurids)\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5728\u6f38\u65b0\u4e16(Oligocene\uff0c\u8ddd\u4eca3390\u842c\u5e74\uff0d2303\u842c\u5e74\u524d)\u524d\u671f\u6f14\u5316\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u9b1a\u9be8\u548c\u9f52\u9be8\u7684\u5148\u7956\uff0c\u90fd\u9084\u4fdd\u6709\u7570\u578b\u9f52\u7684\u7279\u8272\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u8d8a\u63a5\u8fd1\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\uff0c\u7570\u578b\u9f52\u5c31\u8d8a\u4e0d\u660e\u986f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u822c\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9be8\u8c5a\u7684\u98df\u6027\u548c\u7375\u98df\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5f71\u97ff\u5176\u7259\u9f52\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u900f\u904e\u5fae\u75d5\u5206\u6790(microwear analysis)\u7814\u7a76\u53e4\u9be8\u98df\u6027\uff0c\u63a8\u8ad6\u51fa\u59cb\u65b0\u4e16\u7684\u53e4\u9be8\uff0c\u4e00\u8def\u5f9e\u5728\u6c34\u5cb8\u908a\u6293\u5c0f\u9b5a\u5c0f\u87f9\u5c0f\u868c\u5403\uff0c\u5230\u6d89\u6c34\u5728\u8fd1\u5cb8\u6c34\u57df\u8993\u9b5a\u8766\u70ba\u98df\uff0c\u6f14\u5316\u5230\u5b8c\u5168\u6c34\u751f\u8ffd\u6355\u9b5a\u985e\u3001\u982d\u8db3\u985e(\u9b77\u9b5a\u3001\u70cf\u8cca\u3001\u7ae0\u9b5a\u4e00\u985e\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u52d5\u7269)\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6d77\u9ce5\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6c34\u751f\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u679c\u8179\u3002\u73fe\u4ee3\u9be8\u8c5a\u96d6\u7136\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u7570\u578b\u9f52\u7684\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u591a\u9f52\u73fe\u8c61(\u6709\u4e9b\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u9000\u5316\u7684\u73fe\u8c61)\u5fe0\u8aa0\u5730\u53cd\u61c9\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7a2e\u985e\u9be8\u8c5a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7279\u5316\u7684\u98df\u6027\u504f\u597d\u3002\u660e\u986f\u7684\u591a\u9f52\u7279\u8272\u591a\u898b\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u9760\u543b\u90e8\u54ac\u5b9a\u7375\u7269\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u662f\u4ee5\u9b5a\u985e\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6c34\u751f\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u70ba\u4e3b\u98df\u7684\u9be8\u7a2e(\u50cf\u864e\u9be8\u3001\u74f6\u9f3b\u6d77\u8c5a)\uff1b\u800c\u63a1\u7528\u5438\u98df\u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u98df\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8cf4\u7259\u9f52\u7684\u7a2e\u985e(\u50cf\u4ee5\u9b77\u9b5a\u7b49\u8edf\u9ad4\u52d5\u7269\u70ba\u4e3b\u98df\u7684\u5599\u9be8\u3001\u745e\u6c0f\u6d77\u8c5a)\uff0c\u7259\u9f52\u6578\u76ee\u5c31\u660e\u986f\u5c11\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e86 Indohyus <\/em>(\u4e00\u7a2e\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u59cb\u65b0\u4e16\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u77e5\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u9be8\u8c5a\u548c\u5076\u8e44\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u5171\u540c\u7956\u5148\u7684\u4e2d\u5c0f\u578b\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269)\u3001\u53e4\u9be8\u548c\u5076\u8e44\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u7259\u9f52\u78e8\u640d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u767c\u73feIndohyus<\/em>\u96d6\u7136\u4ee5\u690d\u7269\u70ba\u4e3b\u98df\uff0c\u6709\u8457\u548c\u539f\u59cb\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u7570\u578b\u9f52\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u651d\u98df\u54ac\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u537b\u548c\u53e4\u9be8\u6bd4\u8f03\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u9be8\u8c5a\u7684\u8001\u7956\u5b97\u5634\u5df4\u54ac\u5408\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u662f\u5148\u65bc\u98df\u6027\u548c\u7259\u9f52\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u70ba\u5176\u5f8c\u751f\u665a\u8f29\u958b\u62d3\u4e86\u5728\u6c34\u57df\u4e16\u754c\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7121\u9650\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u5716\u4e09\uff1a\u53e4\u9be8\u5316\u77f3\u6a19\u672c\u3002\u4e0a\u65b9\u70ba\u5df4\u57fa\u9be8\uff0c\u4e0b\u65b9\u70ba\u9f8d\u738b\u9be8\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aWikimedia
\u5716\u4e09\uff1a\u53e4\u9be8\u5316\u77f3\u6a19\u672c\u3002\u4e0a\u65b9\u70ba\u5df4\u57fa\u9be8\uff0c\u4e0b\u65b9\u70ba\u9f8d\u738b\u9be8\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aWikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u25cf<\/strong>\u9be8\u8c5a\u540c\u578b\u9f52\u548c\u591a\u9f52\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u767c\u80b2\u6a5f\u5236
\n<\/strong>\u904e\u53bb\u4ee5\u5c0f\u5bb6\u9f20\u70ba\u5be6\u9a57\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u9aa8\u5f62\u614b\u767c\u751f\u86cb\u767d(Bone morphogenic protein, Bmp4)\u5728\u80da\u80ce\u88e1\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u8207\u5426\uff0c\u548c\u5f62\u6210\u5713\u9310\u72c0\u9580\u9f52\u4ee5\u53ca\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u7259\u9f52\u6578\u91cf\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u800c\u7e96\u7dad\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u751f\u9577\u56e0\u5b50(Fibroblast growth factor, Fgf8)\u5247\u662f\u548c\u5f62\u6210\u591a\u7259\u5c16(multicuspid)\u7684\u81fc\u9f52\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e86Bmp4\u548cFgf8\u5728\u71b1\u5e36\u6591\u6d77\u8c5a\u548c\u8c6c\u80da\u80ce\u543b\u90e8\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u5728\u8c6c\u80da\u80ce\u88e1Bmp4\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u4e3b\u8981\u767c\u751f\u5728\u543b\u90e8\u524d\u7aef\u3001Fgf8\u5247\u662f\u5728\u543b\u90e8\u5f8c\u65b9\uff0c\u548c\u5c0f\u9f20\u548c\u9f29\u9f31\u7684\u7259\u9f52\u767c\u80b2\u904e\u7a0b\u76f8\u4f3c\uff1b\u4f46\u5728\u6d77\u8c5a\u80da\u80ce\u88e1Bmp4\u5728\u543b\u90e8\u524d\u5f8c\u90fd\u6709\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u800cFgf8\u53ea\u5728\u543b\u90e8\u5f8c\u6bb5\u8868\u73fe\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u63a8\u8ad6\uff0c\u9be8\u8c5a\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u64c1\u6709\u540c\u578b\u9f52\u548c\u591a\u9f52\u7684\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u6f14\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u50cfBmp4\u9019\u6a23\u5f71\u97ff\u7259\u9f52\u7684\u767c\u80b2\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u6a21\u5f0f\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u600e\u6a23\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u8b93\u5f71\u97ff\u7259\u9f52\u767c\u80b2\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u751f\u9577\u56e0\u5b50\u5728\u9be8\u8c5a\u8eab\u4e0a\u51fa\u73fe\u4e0d\u540c\u8868\u73fe\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u7121\u89e3\u7b54\u3002\u518d\u8aaa\uff0c\u9664\u4e86Bmp4\u548cFgf8\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u751f\u9577\u56e0\u5b50(growth factors, \u5982Egf, Tgfb1, Bmp2\u7b49)\u548c\u8f49\u9304\u56e0\u5b50(transcription factors, \u5982Msx1, Msx2, Pax9, Lef1\u7b49)\uff0c\u5728\u5c0f\u5bb6\u9f20\u7259\u9f52\u767c\u80b2\u88e1\u4e5f\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9be8\u8c5a\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4ecd\u7136\u672a\u77e5\u3002\u5c31\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u671f\u5f85\u5728\u4e0d\u4e45\u7684\u672a\u4f86\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5e6b\u5fd9\u89e3\u958b\u9be8\u8c5a\u5634\u88e1\u7684\u8b0e\u5718\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\uff1a<\/strong>
\n1.\u4e00\u5cf6\u5553\u4eba\u30022008\u3002\u9032\u5316\u3068\u9069\u5fdc\u3002\u6751\u5c71\u53f8\u7de8\u8457\u3002\u9be8\u985e\u5b66\u3002\u6771\u6d77\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u4f1a\u3002
\n2.Armfield BA, Zheng Z, Bajpai S, Vinyard C, Thewissen J. 2013. Development and evolution of the unique cetacean dentition. PeerJ 1:e24http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.24
\n<\/a>3.Fahlke JM, Bastl KA, Semprebon GM, Gingerich PD. 2013. Paleoecology of archaeocete whales throughout the Eocene: dietary adaptations revealed by microwear analysis. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 386:690\u2013701.
\n4.Jefferson TA, Webber MA, Pitman RL. 2010. Marine mammals in the world: a comprehensive guide to their identification. Academic Press. 592pp.
\n5.Loch C, Kieser JA, Fordyce RE. 2015. Enamel Ultrastructure in Fossil Cetaceans (Cetacea:Archaeoceti and Odontoceti). PLoS ONE 10(1):e0116557. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0116557
\n6.Plikus MV, Zeichner\u2010David M, Mayer J-A, Reyna J, Bringas P, Thewissen JGM, Snead ML, Chai Y, Chuong C-M. 2005. Morphoregulation of teeth: modulating the number, size, shape and differentiation by tuning Bmp activity. Evolution & Development 7: 440-457.
\n7.Thewissen JGM, Sensor JD, Clementz MT, Bajpai S. 2011. Evolution of dental wear and diet during the origin of whales. Paleobiology 37:655-669
\n8.The Natural History Collections of the University of Edinburgh http:\/\/www.nhc.ed.ac.uk\/index.php?page=1
\n<\/a>9.What, When, How: Dental Morphology (Cetacean), Evolution of (Marine Mammals)<\/a><\/p>\n

--<\/strong><\/span>
\n \u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u9673\u7469\u3000\u81fa\u5927\u751f\u614b\u8207\u6f14\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u78a9\u58eb\u3001\u73fe\u65bc\u82f1\u570b\u5fb7\u502b\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u751f\u7269\u91ab\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5c31\u8b80\u535a\u58eb\u73ed\u3001\u4ee5\u6d77\u6d0b\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u65cf\u7fa4\u907a\u50b3\u5b78\u70ba\u8ad6\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u984c\u3002\u73fe\u70ba\u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7279\u7d04\u5beb\u624b\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\u5beb\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u9673\u7469 \u7b46\u8005\u5728\u5148\u524d\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff1c\u9c2d\u8c8c\u4e0d\u63da<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":20787,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,26],"tags":[1683,1546,1684,189,1547,1681,1682],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/1264.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20726"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=20726"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20726\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32179,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20726\/revisions\/32179"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/20787"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=20726"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=20726"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=20726"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}