{"id":20434,"date":"2015-02-04T00:57:59","date_gmt":"2015-02-03T16:57:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=20434"},"modified":"2018-08-01T14:44:32","modified_gmt":"2018-08-01T06:44:32","slug":"%e3%80%90%e6%b5%b7%e6%b4%8b%e7%94%9f%e6%85%8b%e3%80%91%e9%b0%ad%e8%b2%8c%e4%b8%8d%e6%8f%9a%ef%bc%9a%e6%b5%b7%e8%b1%9a%e8%83%b8%e9%b0%ad%e7%9a%84%e7%a5%95%e5%af%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=20434","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u614b\u3011\u9c2d\u8c8c\u4e0d\u63da\uff1a\u6d77\u8c5a\u80f8\u9c2d\u7684\u7955\u5bc6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u25a0\u4e00\u96bb\u624b\u6709\u4e94\u6839\u624b\u6307\u3001\u6bcf\u6839\u624b\u6307\u6709\u5169\u5230\u4e09\u500b\u6307\u7bc0\uff0d\u9019\u662f\u9664\u4e86\u6709\u8e44\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u4ee5\u5916\u3001\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u5171\u901a\u7684\u5f62\u614b\u7279\u8272\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u5728\u6f14\u5316\u89aa\u7de3\u4e0a\u548c\u5076\u8e44\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u76f8\u7576\u89aa\u8fd1\u7684\u9be8\u9b5a\u548c\u6d77\u8c5a\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u6241\u5e73\u7684\u80f8\u9c2d\u88e1\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e5f\u85cf\u8457\u624b\u6307\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u624b\u6307\u7684\u9aa8\u982d\u5011\u53c8\u662f\u600e\u6a23\u6392\u5217\u7684\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u5716\u4e00\uff1a1963\u5e74\u590f\u5929\u4e0a\u6620\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u559c\u5287\u5f37\u7247\u300c\u6d77\u8c5a\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u300d\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u6d77\u5831\u3002\u5f71\u7247\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u540d\u300cflipper\u300d\u610f\u70ba\u6d77\u8c5a\u7684\u80f8\u9c2d\uff0c\u5728\u96fb\u5f71\u88e1\u5247\u662f\u4e3b\u89d2\u6d77\u8c5a\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\uff08\u5716\u7247\u53d6\u81ea\u65bc\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff09\"<\/a>
\u5716\u4e00\uff1a1963\u5e74\u590f\u5929\u4e0a\u6620\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u559c\u5287\u5f37\u7247\u300c\u6d77\u8c5a\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u300d\u7684\u96fb\u5f71\u6d77\u5831\u3002\u5f71\u7247\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u540d\u300cflipper\u300d\u610f\u70ba\u6d77\u8c5a\u7684\u80f8\u9c2d\uff0c\u5728\u96fb\u5f71\u88e1\u5247\u662f\u4e3b\u89d2\u6d77\u8c5a\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\uff08\u5716\u7247\u53d6\u81ea\u65bc\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u9673\u7469<\/p>\n

\u9be8\u8c5a\u7684\u524d\u80a2(forelimb; 'flipper')\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u88e1\u7fd2\u6163\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u80f8\u9c2d\u300d\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u5916\u5f62\u770b\u4f86\u548c\u9b5a\u7684\u80f8\u9c2d(pectoral fin)\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u50cf\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0d\u5373\u4fbf\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u300c\u80f8\u9c2d\u300d\u5728\u89e3\u5256\u69cb\u9020\u4e0a\u5927\u76f8\u9015\u5ead\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u9be8\u8c5a\u80f8\u9c2d\u88e1\u7684\u9aa8\u9abc\u6392\u5217\u9806\u5e8f\uff0c\u548c\u7d55\u5927\u591a\u6578\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u592a\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u5225\uff1a\u6700\u9760\u8fd1\u8ec0\u5e79\u7684\u80a9\u80db\u9aa8\u5411\u4e0b\u63a5\u8457\u80b1\u9aa8\uff0c\u518d\u4f86\u662f\u5408\u4f75\u7a31\u70ba\u524d\u81c2\u9aa8\u7684\u9952\u9aa8\u548c\u5c3a\u9aa8\uff0c\u518d\u63a5\u4e0a\u8155\u9aa8\u3001\u638c\u9aa8\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u662f\u5f62\u6210\u624b\u6307\u6307\u7bc0\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6307\u9aa8\u3002\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u9be8\u8c5a\u7684\u80b1\u9aa8\u548c\u524d\u81c2\u9aa8\u5728\u6bd4\u4f8b\u77ed\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u7e2e\u77ed\u7684\u4e0a\u80a2\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u9be8\u8c5a\u5728\u9069\u61c9\u6c34\u57df\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u8eab\u9ad4\u5916\u578b\u66f4\u52a0\u6d41\u7dda\u578b\u7684\u5929\u64c7\u7d50\u679c\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eba\u7684\u624b\uff0c\u7334\u5b50\u7684\u624b\uff0c\u8c93\u72d7\u7684\u8173\u638c\uff0c\u5f9e\u5916\u578b\u4e0a\u5c31\u770b\u5f97\u51fa\u4f86\u6709\u4e94\u96bb\u624b\u6307\u6216\u8173\u8dbe\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u62c7\u6307\u662f\u5169\u7bc0\u6307\u9aa8\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u624b\u6307\u6216\u8173\u8dbe\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u4e09\u7bc0\u6307\u9aa8\u7d44\u6210\u3002\u6709\u8e44\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e1f\u5931\u4e86\u4e00\u5230\u56db\u96bb\u4e0d\u7b49\u7684\u8173\u8dbe\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6307\u7bc0\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7dad\u6301\u4e09\u7bc0\u6307\u9aa8\u7684\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u4e3b\u6d41\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u516d\u7a2e\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u524d\u80a2\u9aa8\u9abc\u6392\u5217\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u7531\u5de6\u800c\u53f3\u4f9d\u5e8f\u70ba\u7d05\u6bdb\u7329\u7329\u3001\u72d7\u3001\u8c6c\u3001\u725b\u3001\u8c98\u3001\u99ac\u3002\u5f8c\u9762\u56db\u7a2e\u7686\u70ba\u6709\u8e44\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u3002\u540c\u984f\u8272\u8868\u793a\u70ba\u540c\u985e\u578b\u7684\u9aa8\u9abc\u3002\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcdA-G,
\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u516d\u7a2e\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u524d\u80a2\u9aa8\u9abc\u6392\u5217\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u7531\u5de6\u800c\u53f3\u4f9d\u5e8f\u70ba\u7d05\u6bdb\u7329\u7329\u3001\u72d7\u3001\u8c6c\u3001\u725b\u3001\u8c98\u3001\u99ac\u3002\u5f8c\u9762\u56db\u7a2e\u7686\u70ba\u6709\u8e44\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u3002\u540c\u984f\u8272\u8868\u793a\u70ba\u540c\u985e\u578b\u7684\u9aa8\u9abc\u3002\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcdA-G, Cc\u548cP\u70ba\u8155\u9aa8(carpals)\uff0cM\u70ba\u638c\u9aa8(metacarpals)\uff0cR\u70ba\u6a48\u9aa8(radius)\u3001U\u70ba\u5c3a\u9aa8(ulna)\uff0c\u6700\u5148\u7aef\u7da0\u8272\u672a\u6a19\u793a\u8005\u70ba\u6307\u9aa8(phalanges)\u3002\u6307\u982d\u5148\u7aef\u7684\u6578\u5b57\u4ee3\u8868\u6307\u982d\u7684\u6392\u5217\u5e8f\u3002(\u539f\u5716\u53d6\u81ea\u4e26\u6539\u7de8\u81eaMeyers Konversionlexikon, 1888.HandskelettebeiS\u00e4ugetieren.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u5728\u9be8\u8c5a\u69f3\u72c0\u5e73\u6241\u7684\u80f8\u9c2d\u88e1\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e5f\u85cf\u4e86\u6839\u6839\u5206\u660e\u7684\u624b\u6307\u3002\u4e14\u96d6\u7136\u9be8\u8c5a\u548c\u5076\u8e44\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u6709\u8457\u8f03\u89aa\u8fd1\u7684\u8840\u7de3\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u9be8\u8c5a\u7a2e\u985e\uff08\u90e8\u5206\u7a2e\u985e\u7684\u9b1a\u9be8\u4ee5\u5916\uff09\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6709\u4e94\u96bb\u624b\u6307\u7684\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u57fa\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u9be8\u8c5a\u7684\u6307\u7bc0\u6578\u76ee\uff0c\u537b\u5f80\u5f80\u591a\u65bc\u4e09\u7bc0\u3002\u5728\u6700\u6975\u7aef\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0d\u9577\u80a2\u9818\u822a\u9be8\u7684\u80f8\u9c2d\u88e1\uff0c\u4e00\u6839\u98df\u6307\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u591a\u9054\u5341\u4e03\u7bc0\u7684\u6307\u9aa8\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u73fe\u8c61\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u591a\u6307\u7bc0\u5316\u300d(hyperphalangy)\uff0c\u5728\u9678\u751f\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u88e1\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u7f55\u898b\u7684\u767c\u80b2\u7570\u5e38\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u9be8\u8c5a\u88e1\u537b\u662f\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e86\u6307\u7bc0\u6578\u76ee\u5947\u591a\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9be8\u8c5a\u6307\u7bc0\u6578\u76ee\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u8b8a\u7570\u6027\uff1a\u9019\u7a2e\u8b8a\u7570\u6027\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u9be8\u8c5a\u7a2e\u985e\u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u6240\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u662f\u540c\u7a2e\u9be8\u8c5a\uff0c\u500b\u9ad4\u548c\u500b\u9ad4\u9593\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u5947\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u96bb\u6d77\u8c5a\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5de6\u624b\u548c\u53f3\u624b\u7684\u6307\u7bc0\u6578\u76ee\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u5716\u4e09\uff1a\u4e09\u7a2e\u6d77\u8c5a\u7684\u80f8\u9c2d\u9aa8\u9abc\u6392\u5217\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u7531\u5de6\u800c\u53f3\u4f9d\u5e8f\u70ba\u4e2d\u83ef\u767d\u6d77\u8c5a(A)\u3001\u771f\u6d77\u8c5a(B)\u53ca\u745e\u6c0f\u6d77\u8c5a(C);
\u5716\u4e09\uff1a\u4e09\u7a2e\u6d77\u8c5a\u7684\u80f8\u9c2d\u9aa8\u9abc\u6392\u5217\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u7531\u5de6\u800c\u53f3\u4f9d\u5e8f\u70ba\u4e2d\u83ef\u767d\u6d77\u8c5a(A)\u3001\u771f\u6d77\u8c5a(B)\u53ca\u745e\u6c0f\u6d77\u8c5a(C); C.1\u548cC.2\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u745e\u6c0f\u6d77\u8c5a\u500b\u9ad4\u3002\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcdCa\u70ba\u8155\u9aa8\uff0cM\u70ba\u638c\u9aa8\uff0cR\u70ba\u6a48\u9aa8\uff0cU\u70ba\u5c3a\u9aa8\u3002\u6307\u982d\u5148\u7aef\u7684\u6578\u5b57\u4ee3\u8868\u6307\u982d\u7684\u6392\u5217\u5e8f\u3002\u5404\u4f4d\u8070\u660e\u7684\u8b80\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7d93\u89c0\u5bdf\u51fa\u5716\u4e2d\u6bcf\u96bb\u80f8\u9c2d\u4e4b\u9593\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u4e86\u5462\uff1f\uff08\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u4f5c\u8005\u672c\u4eba\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u90a3\u9ebc\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u8b93\u9be8\u8c5a\u7684\u6307\u7bc0\u6578\u76ee\u8b8a\u591a\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u64c1\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u6027\u5462\uff1f\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u9be8\u8c5a\u6f14\u5316\u51fa\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u8b93\u7260\u5011\u8b8a\u5f97\u5982\u6b64\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u904e\u53bb\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7d93\u7531\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u96de\u548c\u5c0f\u9f20\u7684\u80da\u80ce\u767c\u80b2\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u89e3\u958b\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u95dc\u65bc\u52d5\u7269\u524d\u80a2\u3001\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u624b\u6307\u767c\u80b2\u7684\u8b0e\u5718\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u77e5\u9053\u80da\u80ce\u56db\u80a2\u6700\u5c16\u7aef\u7684\u9802\u751f\u8868\u76ae\u5d74(apical ectodermal ridge; AER)\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u548c\u56db\u80a2\u7684\u751f\u9577\u5ef6\u5c55\u6709\u8457\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u7e96\u7dad\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u751f\u9577\u56e0\u5b50(fibroblast growth factors, FGFs)\u3001\u9aa8\u5f62\u614b\u767c\u751f\u86cb\u767d(bone morphogenic proteins, BMPs)\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u97f3\u875f\u56e0\u5b50(sonic hedgehog, SHH)\u7b49\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u5728\u6307\u982d\u548c\u6307\u7bc0\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e0a\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u76f8\u7576\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9be8\u8c5a\u7121\u6cd5\u50cf\u5c0f\u96de\u5c0f\u9f20\u4e00\u6a23\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u5167\u4e26\u53d6\u5f97\u5927\u91cf\u80da\u80ce\u9032\u884c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u591a\u8667\u904e\u53bb\u7121\u6578\u5c0f\u96de\u5c0f\u9f20\u7684\u72a7\u7272\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u5c0d\u7167\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u9678\u751f\u52d5\u7269\u56db\u80a2\u767c\u80b2\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u9760\u8457\u6578\u91cf\u6709\u9650\u7684\u9be8\u8c5a\u80da\u80ce\u6a19\u672c\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u4e00\u63a2\u9be8\u8c5a\u591a\u6307\u7bc0\u5316\u7684\u7955\u5bc6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b50\u7f8e\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u55ae\u4f4d\u9760\u8457\u9577\u5e74\u6536\u96c6\u6f01\u696d\u6df7\u7372\u81f4\u6b7b\u7684\u6d77\u8c5a\u5c4d\u9ad4\uff0c\u5230\u8fd1\u5e74\u5df2\u7d2f\u7a4d\u4e86\u53ef\u89c0\u6578\u76ee\u7684\u6d77\u8c5a\u80da\u80ce\u548c\u80ce\u5152\u6a19\u672c\u3002\u900f\u904e\u9019\u4e9b\u6a19\u672c\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u767c\u73fe\u6d77\u8c5a\u7684\u80f8\u9c2d\u767c\u80b2\u4e5f\u662f\u53d7\u9802\u751f\u8868\u76ae\u5d74\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u8abf\u63a7\u5c0f\u96de\u5c0f\u9f20\u80da\u80ce\u56db\u80a2\u751f\u9577\u767c\u80b2\u7684\u773e\u591a\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u5728\u6d77\u8c5a\u5bf6\u5bf6\u7684\u80f8\u9c2d\u88e1\u540c\u6a23\u662f\u767e\u82b1\u9f4a\u653e\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u57fa\u56e0\u5728\u6d77\u8c5a\u80da\u80ce\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u6642\u9593\u548c\u8868\u73fe\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u548c\u9678\u751f\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u4e0d\u5927\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5728\u9be8\u8c5a\u80da\u80ce\u7684\u524d\u80a2\u5728\u767c\u80b2\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8b93\u6307\u982d\u5ef6\u9577\u3001\u95dc\u7bc0\u5f62\u6210\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u73fe\u6642\u9593\u660e\u986f\u5ef6\u9577\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u5c31\u662f\u9020\u6210\u9be8\u8c5a\u666e\u904d\u6709\u591a\u6307\u7bc0\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u6307\u591a\u6307\u7bc0\u5316\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u5e38\u5e38\u5728\u9be8\u8c5a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6307\u6700\u660e\u986f\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u8a72\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u9802\u751f\u8868\u76ae\u5d74\u5f80\u5f80\u6700\u5f8c\u624d\u6d88\u5931\u7684\u7de3\u6545\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9be8\u8c5a\u80ce\u5152\u7684\u6307\u982d\u548c\u6307\u982d\u4e4b\u9593\u6703\u6301\u7e8c\u56e4\u7a4d\u7e96\u7dad\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u751f\u9577\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u4f7f\u9023\u63a5\u6307\u982d\u7684\u8edf\u7d44\u7e54\u4e0d\u6703\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u6700\u5f8c\u5f62\u6210\u69f3\u72c0\u7684\u80f8\u9c2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u71b1\u611b\u70d8\u7119\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u5011\u80af\u5b9a\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u8abf\u7bc0\u6750\u6599\u6df7\u5408\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u548c\u52a0\u6599\u7684\u9806\u5e8f\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u70d8\u7119\u7684\u6642\u9593\u548c\u6eab\u5ea6\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u540c\u6a23\u662f\u86cb\u3001\u7cd6\u3001\u9eb5\u7c89\u548c\u5976\u6cb9\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6750\u6599\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u8b8a\u6210\u86cb\u7cd5\u3001\u9905\u4e7e\u3001\u82f1\u5f0f\u9b06\u9905\u7b49\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7cd5\u9ede\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u7d44\u57fa\u56e0\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u88e1\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8868\u73fe\u6642\u9593\u3001\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u8868\u73fe\u5f37\u5ea6\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u9020\u5c31\u51fa\u5404\u7a2e\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u624b\u3001\u8173\u3001\u7fc5\u8180\u548c\u80f8\u9c2d\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9053\u7406\uff0d\u53ea\u662f\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u6478\u7d22\uff0c\u88fd\u9020\u4e0d\u540c\u751f\u7269\u80a2\u9ad4\u7684\u7528\u6599\u6bd4\u4f8b\u548c\u706b\u4faf\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u5982\u4f55\u8abf\u6574\u3002\u5404\u4f4d\u89aa\u611b\u7684\u8b80\u8005\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u7684\u5967\u5999\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u548c\u70d8\u7119\u4e00\u6a23\u795e\u5947\u53c8\u6709\u8da3\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\uff1a<\/strong>
\n1.Berry, M. 2011.100 Cakes and bakes.BBC Books, Ebury Publishing. London, UK. 208pp.
\n2.Cooper, L. N. 2009.Evolution and development of cetacean appendages.PhD dissertation, Kent State University. Kent, Ohio, USA. 196pp.
\n3.Fedak, T. J., and B. K. Hall. 2004. Perspectives on hyperphalangy: patterns and processes.\u201d Journal of Anatomy 204: 151\u2013163.
\n4.Richardson, M. K., and H. H. A. Oelschlager. 2002. Time, pattern, and heterochrony: a study of hyperphalangy in the dolphin embryo flipper. Evolution & Development 4: 435\u2013444.<\/p>\n

--<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u9673\u7469\u3000\u81fa\u5927\u751f\u614b\u8207\u6f14\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u78a9\u58eb\u3001\u73fe\u65bc\u82f1\u570b\u5fb7\u502b\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u751f\u7269\u91ab\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5c31\u8b80\u535a\u58eb\u73ed\u3001\u4ee5\u6d77\u6d0b\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u65cf\u7fa4\u907a\u50b3\u5b78\u70ba\u8ad6\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u984c\u3002\u73fe\u70ba\u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7279\u7d04\u5beb\u624b\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\u5beb\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\u52a0\u5165\u597d\u53cb\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u25a0\u4e00\u96bb\u624b\u6709\u4e94\u6839\u624b\u6307\u3001\u6bcf\u6839\u624b\u6307\u6709\u5169\u5230\u4e09\u500b\u6307<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":28994,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,26],"tags":[129,1544,1485,57,1547,1637],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/343131.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20434"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=20434"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20434\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32166,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20434\/revisions\/32166"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/28994"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=20434"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=20434"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=20434"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}