{"id":19909,"date":"2014-12-19T00:59:13","date_gmt":"2014-12-18T16:59:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=19909"},"modified":"2017-06-02T15:10:03","modified_gmt":"2017-06-02T07:10:03","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%b8%e5%a4%a7%e4%ba%ba%e7%89%a9%e3%80%91%e6%b3%95%e6%8b%89%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%8d%e7%82%ba%e4%ba%ba%e7%9f%a5%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%80%e9%9d%a2%ef%bc%88%e5%8d%81%e4%b8%80%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=19909","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u79d1\u5b78\u5927\u4eba\u7269\u3011\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4e0d\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u4e00\u9762\uff08\u5341\u4e00\uff09\uff1a\u51e1\u4eba\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>\u25a0\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u56e0\u70ba\u7121\u8207\u502b\u6bd4\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u6210\u5c31\u8207\u7981\u617e\u822c\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ed6\u5e7e\u4e4e\u90fd\u88ab\u7576\u4f5c\u50cf\u8056\u4eba\u541b\u5b50\u822c\u5730\u8ac7\u8ad6\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4ed6\u8eab\u70ba\u4eba\u5b50\uff0c\u7562\u7adf\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u559c\u6709\u6012\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u5e7e\u500b\u80fd\u770b\u51fa\u4ed6\u70ba\u4eba\u7684\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19912\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19912\" style=\"width: 225px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19912\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/225px-Hermann_von_Helmholtz.jpg\" alt=\"\u4ea5\u59c6\u970d\u8332 (1821-1894)\" width=\"225\" height=\"293\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19912\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u4ea5\u59c6\u970d\u8332 (1821-1894)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\uff5c<\/strong>\u7af9\u5185\u656c\u4eba\uff08\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u795e\u5948\u5ddd\u5927\u5b78\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\uff09<br \/>\n<strong>\u7de8\u8b6f\uff5c<\/strong>\u9ec3\u90c1\u73ca\uff08\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u7406\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\uff09<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u70ba\u4eba<br \/>\n<\/strong>\u67ef\u8033\u6d1b\u5e0c(\u6ce81)\u5c0d\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\u662f\uff1a\u300c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u80fd\u55c5\u51fa\u771f\u76f8\u300d\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u8d85\u8d8a\u5be6\u9a57\u8a2d\u5099\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6975\u9650\uff0c\u80fd\u770b\u900f\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u95dc\u65bc\u51e1\u4eba\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\uff0c1865\u5e74\u8a2a\u554f\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u8cc0\u59c6\u970d\u8332(\u6ce82)\u66fe\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u5982\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u90a3\u9ebc\u53d7\u5230\u5c0a\u656c\u548c\u559c\u611b\u3002\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u50cf\u4ed6\u90a3\u6a23\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u5c0d\u65bc\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u4ed6\u7d30\u5fc3\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u80fd\u548c\u4ed6\u6df1\u4ea4\uff0c\u6211\u611f\u5230\u559c\u6085\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u5728\u65bc\u4ed6\u65e2\u6a38\u7d20\u53c8\u5766\u7387\uff0c\u6709\u79ae\u8c8c\uff0c\u548c\u6b63\u76f4\u7684\u500b\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u5f9e\u4f86\u6c92\u898b\u904e\u50cf\u4ed6\u9019\u9ebc\u6709\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u8b93\u6211\u770b\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u88e1\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u8a2d\u5099\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u90fd\u4e0d\u904e\u53ea\u662f\u77ed\u5c0e\u7dda\u548c\u6728\u7247\u3001\u9435\u7247\u505a\u6210\u7684\u5c0f\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9760\u9019\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u4ed6\u537b\u6210\u5c31\u4e86\u5049\u5927\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u8d6b\u96ea(\u6ce83)\u5728\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u8096\u50cf\u756b\u4e0a\u5f15\u7528\u4e00\u53e5\u5e0c\u81d8\u6587\uff0c\u5176\u610f\u70ba\u300c\u7121\u53ef\u6311\u5254\u7684\u9810\u8a00\u8005\u300d\u3002\u9084\u6709\u500b\u7267\u5e2b\u5728\u4f48\u9053\u6642\u6975\u529b\u7a31\u8b9a\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u8b19\u905c\u548c\u8b19\u865b\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19914\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19914\" style=\"width: 250px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19914\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f1.jpg\" alt=\"f1\" width=\"250\" height=\"312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f1.jpg 337w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f1-240x300.jpg 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19914\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u57161 \u5ef7\u5f97\u8033 (1820-1893)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u548c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u540c\u6642\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u8b49\u8a5e\u3002\u53ef\u898b\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6c89\u7a69\u7684\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8b19\u865b\u548c\u89aa\u5207\u5728\u7576\u6642\u5ee3\u70ba\u4e16\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5728\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u63a5\u73ed\u4eba\u5ef7\u5f97\u8033 (\u57161)(\u6ce84)\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u6240\u898b\u8a18\u8f09\u65bc\u4ed6\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u50b3\u8a18\u300e\u767c\u660e\u5bb6\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u300f(\u6ce85)\u3002\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u672c\u9023\u8f09\u7b2c\u516d\u56de\u4ecb\u7d39\u904e\u7684\uff0c\u4f34\u96a8\u96fb\u78c1\u611f\u61c9\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u800c\u751f\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u91cd\u8907\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u70ba\u4e86\u628a\u7576\u6642\u60c5\u6cc1\u8b1b\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5f15\u7528\u5ef7\u5f97\u8033\u7684\u8a18\u8f09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u793a\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6027\u683c\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u628a\u6709\u95dc\u96fb\u78c1\u611f\u61c9\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u4fe1\u5bc4\u7d66\u4e86\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u54c8\u859b\u7279(Hachette)\u3002\u54c8\u859b\u7279\u628a\u90a3\u5c01\u4fe1\u9001\u53bb\u4e86\u5df4\u9ece\u79d1\u5b78\u9662(the Academy of Science at Paris)\uff0c\u9019\u5c01\u4fe1\u5c31\u7acb\u523b\u88ab\u7ffb\u8b6f\u767c\u8868\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u7dca\u63a5\u8457\uff0c\u5169\u4f4d\u6709\u540d\u7684\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4ee5\u9019\u500b\u70ba\u984c\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u4e16\u4eba\u773c\u524d\u4e4b\u524d\u6436\u5148\u767c\u8868\u3002\u4e0d\u7528\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u6fc0\u6012\u4e86\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5c07\u90a3\u7bc7\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u520a\u767b\u65bc\u54f2\u5b78\u5b78\u5831(<em>Philosophical Transactions<\/em>)(\u6ce86)\uff0c\u9084\u52a0\u4e0a\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u5beb\u7684\u5c16\u92b3\u6279\u8a55\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u9084\u4ee5\u767c\u4fe1\u65e5\u671f1832\u5e7412\u67081\u65e5\u5beb\u4e86\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u7d66\u6642\u4efb\u5316\u5b78\u5e74\u5831(<em>Annales de Chimie<\/em>)(\u6ce87)\u7de8\u8f2f\u7684\u7d66\u5442\u85a9\u514b(\u6ce88)\u3002\u4fe1\u4e2d\u4ed6\u5206\u6790\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u4e26\u53cd\u99c1\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u5c0d\u4ed6\u7684\u6c59\u540d\u5316\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u9019\u5c01\u4fe1\u5beb\u5f97\u56db\u5e73\u516b\u7a69\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7121\u6cd5\u4e0d\u50cf\u500b\u7d33\u58eb\u822c\u5beb\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u5c01\u4fe1\u4e5f\u986f\u793a\u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4ed6\u60f3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7d66\u5c0d\u624b\u6c89\u91cd\u7684\u4e00\u64ca\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5e38\u807d\u8aaa\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u500b\u6027\u5f88\u7d33\u58eb\uff0c\u5f88\u548c\u5584\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c07\u4ed6\u90a3\u5145\u6eff\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u6027\u683c\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u9019\u4e9b\u8981\u7d20\u3002\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u8af8\u5982\u300e\u6eab\u548c\u300f\u8ddf\u300e\u548c\u5584\u300f\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u76e1\u8ff0\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u6027\u683c\u3002\u63cf\u8ff0\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u6027\u683c\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u7528\u90a3\u4e9b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u53bb\u8b9a\u7f8e\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u548c\u5584\u8207\u6eab\u548c\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u85cf\u6709\u4e00\u5718\u706b\u5c71\u7684\u71b1\u3002\u4ed6\u5bb9\u6613\u6fc0\u52d5\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4ed6\u85c9\u7531\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4fee\u990a\u5c07\u4e4b\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u5149\u8f1d\u548c\u539f\u52d5\u529b\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19915\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19915\" style=\"width: 343px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19915 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f2.jpg\" alt=\"f2\" width=\"343\" height=\"498\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f2.jpg 343w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f2-206x300.jpg 206w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 343px) 100vw, 343px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19915\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u57162 \u767c\u73fe\u96fb\u78c1\u611f\u61c9100\u9031\u5e74\u7d00\u5ff5\u6703\u5c0f\u518a\u5b50\u7684\u5c01\u9762\u3002\u8f49\u8f09\u81ea F. A. J. James \u6240\u8457, \u201cMichael Faraday: Very Short Introductions,\u201d Oxford University Press, Oxford (2010) \u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u5f8c\u4e16\u5982\u4f55\u8a55\u50f9\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c<br \/>\n<\/strong>\u5f9e\u8ca7\u7aae\u9435\u5320\u7684\u5152\u5b50\u6210\u9577\u70ba\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u51fa\u540d\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u50b3\u8a18\u5c0d\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u7576\u6642\u7684\u4eba\u5011\uff0c\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u5f8c\u4e16\u7684\u4eba\u5011\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u699c\u6a23\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4e0d\u6c42\u8ca1\u5bcc\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u4e0d\u55ae\u7d14\u53ea\u662f\u51fa\u8eab\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u4eba\u767c\u8de1\u70ba\u5927\u5bcc\u7fc1\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u7531\u9019\u500b\u9ede\u4f86\u770b\u53c8\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u50b3\u8a18\u662f\u5c55\u73fe\u300c\u81ea\u52a9(\u6ce89)\u300d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u8207\u6210\u6548\u7684\u5178\u7bc4\u3002\u5c0d\u7dad\u591a\u5229\u4e9e\u6642\u4ee3\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7684\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\u7279\u5225\u6709\u9b45\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u50b3\u8a18\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u50b3\u70ba\u4f73\u8a71\u3002\u57281987\u5e74\u7684\u96fb\u8996\u8a2a\u8ac7\u4e2d\uff0c\u6642\u4efb\u82f1\u570b\u9996\u76f8\u7684\u67f4\u5951\u723e\u592b\u4eba(\u6ce810)\u8aaa\u660e\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u662f\u5979\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8981\u5728\u5510\u5be7\u8857\u5341\u865f (\u9996\u76f8\u5b98\u90b8) \u7684\u5927\u5ef3\u88e1\u653e\u7f6e\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u534a\u8eab\u50cf\u3002\u5979\u8aaa\uff0c\u300c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u70ba\u73fe\u4ee3\u96fb\u529b\u7522\u696d\u6253\u4e0b\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u8207\u4ed6\u96d6\u7136\u672a\u53d7\u904e\u6b63\u898f\u6559\u80b2\u537b\u80fd\u767c\u63ee\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u80fd\u529b\u4ee4\u6211\u81f3\u70ba\u611f\u52d5\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1931\u5e74\uff0c\u6176\u795d\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u767c\u73fe\u96fb\u78c1\u611f\u61c9100\u9031\u5e74\u7684\u7d00\u5ff5\u6703\u5728\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u3001\u96fb\u529b\u6280\u8853\u4eba\u54e1\u5354\u6703\u8207\u7687\u5bb6\u5b78\u6703\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4e3b\u8fa6\u4e0b\u76db\u5927\u8209\u884c (\u57162)\u3002\u7d00\u5ff5\u6703\u898f\u5283\u4e86\u5c55\u89bd\u6703\u3001\u97f3\u6a02\u6703\u548c\u6f14\u8b1b\u6703\u7b49\u5404\u7a2e\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002\u6f14\u8b1b\u4eba\u5305\u62ec\u9996\u76f8\u9ea5\u514b\u5510\u7d0d(\u6ce811)\u3001\u62c9\u585e\u798f(\u6ce812)\u548c\u5e03\u62c9\u683c(\u6ce813)\u7b49\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u53ef\u8aaa\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u88ab\u6587\u5b57\u8207\u97f3\u6a02\u6240\u6975\u529b\u7a31\u980c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0d\u65bc\u628a\u63a8\u5ee3\u82f1\u570b\u5168\u570b\u96fb\u6c23\u5316\u7576\u4f5c\u660e\u78ba\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u96fb\u529b\u696d\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7d00\u5ff5\u6703\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5ba3\u50b3\u7684\u5927\u597d\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u793e\u6703\u5927\u773e\u5c55\u793a\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u540c\u6642\u53c8\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u6548\u679c\uff0c(\u96d6\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6709\u610f\u7684\uff0c)\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u540d\u8072\u66f4\u52a0\u50b3\u64ad\u7d66\u666e\u7f85\u5927\u773e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b46\u8005\u8a2a\u554f\u67cf\u6797\u81ea\u7531\u5927\u5b78(Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin)\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u5207\u8eab\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u5c0a\u656c\u3001\u88ab\u559c\u611b\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u5f9e\u6295\u5bbf\u7684\u65c5\u9928\u5f80\u5927\u5b78\u8d70\u53bb\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u8def\u6a19\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u6b63\u8d70\u5728\u608c\u5217(\u6ce814)\u5927\u9053(Thielallee)\u4e0a\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5c31\u5728\u5927\u5b78\u65c1\u908a\uff0c\u4e00\u908a\u60f3\u8457\u300c\u9019\u689d\u8def\u8a72\u4e0d\u6703\u662f\u4ee5\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u88e1\u51fa\u73fe\u904e\u7684\u608c\u5217\u70ba\u540d\u5427?\u300d\u4e00\u908a\u5f80\u524d\u8d70\uff0c\u6c92\u60f3\u5230\u6a6b\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u8def\u53e3\u7684\u90a3\u689d\u99ac\u8def\u7adf\u7136\u662f\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u8def(Faradayweg)! \u6211\u60f3\u4e5f\u4e0d\u60f3\u7acb\u523b\u5c31\u6309\u4e0b\u4e86\u76f8\u6a5f\u5feb\u9580(\u57163a)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u8def\u53e3\u53f3\u8f49\u5c31\u6703\u63a5\u8fd1\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u90a3\u689d\u99ac\u8def\u53eb\u505a\u51e1\u7279\u4f55\u592b(\u6ce815)\u5927\u9053(Van\u2019t-Hoff-Stra\u00dfe)\u3002\u9019\u689d\u5927\u9053\u5f80\u5de6\u8f49\u662f\u6ce2\u8332\u66fc(\u6ce816)\u5927\u9053(Boltzmann-stra\u00dfe)(\u57163b)\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u9644\u8fd1\u9084\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5e7e\u689d\u51a0\u4e0a\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u52de\u5384(\u6ce817)\u3001\u9084\u6709\u5e0c\u6258\u592b(\u6ce818)\u7684\u99ac\u8def(\u57163c)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b46\u8005\u7531\u9019\u500b\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5207\u8eab\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5728\u5fb7\u570b\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u600e\u6a23\u7684\u5c0a\u656c\u3002\u9019\u88e1\u99ac\u8def\u540d\u7a31\u7528\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u5fb7\u570b\u6216\u5967\u5730\u5229\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u96d6\u7136\u662f\u8377\u862d\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u5728\u67cf\u6797\u5927\u5b78\u7576\u4e86\u5f88\u4e45\u6821\u9577\u7684\u51e1\u7279\u4f55\u592b\uff0c\u662f\u8ddf\u5fb7\u570b\u548c\u67cf\u6797\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u5169\u8005\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u537b\u88ab\u9078\u70ba\u99ac\u8def\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u548c\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u806f\u60f3\u662f\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u5207\u8eab\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u793e\u6703\u878d\u5408\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5728\u897f\u6b50\u548c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u5b64\u964b\u5be1\u805e\uff0c\u9084\u4e0d\u66c9\u5f97\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u6709\u54ea\u689d\u9053\u8def\u662f\u51a0\u4e0a\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19930\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19930\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f31.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19930\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f31-1024x493.jpg\" alt=\"\u57163 \u51a0\u4e0a\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u99ac\u8def\u8def\u6a19\u8207\u5730\u5716 a) \u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u8def\uff0cb) \u51e1\u7279\u4f55\u592b\u5927\u9053\uff0cc) \u67cf\u6797\u81ea\u7531\u5927\u5b78\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5730\u5716\" width=\"700\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f31-1024x493.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f31-300x144.jpg 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f31-800x385.jpg 800w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f31.jpg 1121w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19930\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u57163 \u51a0\u4e0a\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u99ac\u8def\u8def\u6a19\u8207\u5730\u5716 a) \u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u8def\uff0cb) \u51e1\u7279\u4f55\u592b\u5927\u9053\uff0cc) \u67cf\u6797\u81ea\u7531\u5927\u5b78\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5730\u5716<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u6536\u5165<\/strong><strong><br 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1.5%\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6240\u5728\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u61c9\u8a72\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u5c0f\u7684\u7269\u50f9\u6ce2\u52d5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7121\u6cd5\u505a\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u6982\u7684\u4f30\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7d66\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u85aa\u6c34\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u672c\u85aa\u8ddf\u6f14\u8b1b\u8cbb\u3002\u672c\u85aa\u81ea\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5c31\u4efb\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u9577\u8d77\u5373\u70ba100\u938a\/\u5e74\u3002\u4ee5\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u78ba\u5be6\u662f\u4f4e\u85aa\u3002\u5bcc\u52d2\u6559\u6388\u8077\u6bcf\u5e74\u6709100\u938a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee51833\u5e74\u4ee5\u5f8c\u4ed6\u6709200\u938a \/ 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5000\u938a\/\u5e74\u5427\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u57281830\u5e74\u4ee3\u56e0\u96fb\u78c1\u611f\u61c9\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u6b63\u503c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u9802\u5cf0\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u96e3\u4ee5\u517c\u9867\u526f\u696d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8207\u4e0a\u4e86\u8ecc\u9053\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u518d\u63a5\u53d7\u5916\u9762\u4f86\u7684\u59d4\u8a17\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7d50\u679c1832\u5e74\u7684\u526f\u696d\u6536\u5165\u8b8a\u6210150\u938a\/\u5e74\uff0c1835\u5e74\u7d42\u65bc\u6b78\u96f6\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u526f\u696d\u6536\u5165\u907d\u6e1b\u6642\uff0c\u5e02\u6c11\u5e74\u91d1Civil\u30fbList\u30fbPension(\u6ce820)\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\u4f86\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u88ab\u53eb\u5230\u767d\u5ef3 (Whitehall) 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id=\"attachment_19917\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19917\" style=\"width: 549px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19917 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f4.jpg\" alt=\"f4\" width=\"549\" height=\"286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f4.jpg 549w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f4-300x156.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 549px) 100vw, 549px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19917\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u57164 \u5275\u6821\u7576\u6642\u7684University College \u6821\u672c\u90e8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u4ee4\u4eba\u839e\u723e\u7684\u8efc\u805e<br \/>\n<\/strong>\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ecb\u7d39\u5169\u500b\u8ddf\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u6709\u8da3\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u71b1\u611b\u4e26\u4e14\u57cb\u982d\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u4e8b\u5df2\u7121\u9700\u8d05\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u4ed6\u505a\u5be6\u9a57\u6642\u7684\u6a23\u5b50\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u8b80\u4e86\u96fb\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u7814\u7a76(Experimental Research in Electricity)\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6\u4e5f\u7121\u5f9e\u5f97\u77e5\u3002\u9084\u597d\uff0c1838\u5e74\u66fe\u5f85\u5728\u502b\u6566\u5927\u5b78\u5b78\u9662(\u57164) 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(\u57165)\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19918\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19918\" style=\"width: 450px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19918 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f5.jpg\" alt=\"f5\" width=\"450\" height=\"327\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f5.jpg 450w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f5-300x218.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19918\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u57165 \u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u96fb\u78c1\u5b78\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4 (1852\u5e74) \u3002 \u8f49\u8f09\u81ea R. Appleyard \u6240\u8457, \u201dA Tribute to Michael Faraday,\u201d Constable &amp; Co. Ltd., London (1931) \u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u5f9e\u5ef7\u5f97\u8033\u7684\u300e\u767c\u660e\u5bb6\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u300f\u5f15\u8ff0\u7684\u5427\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\u63cf\u5beb\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5e7d\u9ed8\u4e14\u958b\u6717\u7684\u4e00\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300c12\u9084\u662f13\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u665a\u4e0a\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u548c\u6211\u4e00\u8d77\u96e2\u958b\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6293\u4f4f\u6211\u7684\u624b\u81c2\uff0c\u628a\u6211\u62c9\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u8eab\u908a\uff0c\u7528\u4ed6\u4e00\u8cab\u7684\u548c\u5584\u53e3\u543b\u8aaa\uff1a\u300e\u4f86\uff0c\u5ef7\u5f97\u8033\uff0c\u6211\u8981\u7d66\u4f60\u770b\u4e00\u500b\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u300f\u6211\u5011\u5f80\u5317\u8d70\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb\u8def\u904e\u5df4\u8c9d\u5947(\u6ce825)\u7684\u5bb6\uff0c\u8d70\u5230Blandford\u8857\u3002\u4ed6\u7a0d\u5fae\u770b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u505c\u5728\u4e00\u5bb6\u6587\u5177\u5e97\u7684\u524d\u9762\u7136\u5f8c\u8d70\u9032\u53bb(\u57166)\u3002\u4e00\u9032\u5230\u5e97\u5167\uff0c\u4ed6\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u6709\u5e73\u6642\u5169\u500d\u7684\u6d3b\u529b\uff1b\u4ed6\u5f88\u5feb\u5730\u5c07\u5e97\u88e1\u770b\u4e86\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u5165\u53e3\u7684\u5de6\u5074\u6709\u4e00\u6247\u9580\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f9e\u90a3\u6247\u9580\u4fef\u8996\u4e00\u9593\u671dBlandford\u8857\u958b\u7a97\u7684\u5c0f\u623f\u9593\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u6211\u62c9\u904e\u53bb\uff0c\u5f88\u71b1\u5207\u5730\u5c0d\u6211\u8aaa\uff1a\u300e\u4f60\u770b\uff0c\u90a3\u88e1\u662f\u6211\u4ee5\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u6211\u5c31\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u5c0f\u89d2\u843d\u88dd\u8a02\u66f8\u672c\u300f(\u53c3\u898b\u7b2c2\u56de)\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19919\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19919\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19919\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f6.jpg\" alt=\"f6\" width=\"300\" height=\"208\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f6.jpg 455w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f6-300x208.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19919\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u57166 \u6a19\u793a\u6b64\u8655\u66fe\u6709\u68a8\u5821\u7684\u5e97\u7684\u98fe\u677f \u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90:Simon Harriyott (http:\/\/openplaques.org\/plaques\/19)\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u6ac3\u6aaf\u7684\u5f8c\u9762\u7ad9\u8457\u4e00\u500b\u9577\u76f8\u9ad4\u9762\u7684\u5973\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u56e0\u70ba\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u8ddf\u6211\u8b1b\u8a71\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5979\u6c92\u6709\u807d\u5230\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u8d70\u5230\u6ac3\u6aaf\u53bb\uff0c\u8cb7\u4e86\u5e7e\u5f35\u5361\u7247\u7576\u4f5c\u6211\u5011\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u554f\u5979\u53eb\u4ec0\u9ebc\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5979\u524d\u4efb\u8001\u95c6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u5979\u8aaa\u4e86\u5e7e\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u300e\u4e0d\u5c0d\u300f\uff0c\u4ed6\u7b11\u563b\u563b\u5730\u7e7c\u7e8c\u554f\u3002\u7576\u5979\u8aaa\u51fa\u300e\u9ece\u5821\u5148\u751f(\u6ce826)\u300f\u6642\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u7a81\u7136\u60f3\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4f3c\u7684\u52a0\u78bc\u8aaa\uff0c\u300e\u5148\u751f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5\u524d\u53ef\u662f\u67e5\u723e\u65af\u30fb\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7235\u58eb\u7684\u8001\u95c6\u5462\u3002\u300f\u300e\u80e1\u8aaa\u516b\u9053!\u300f\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u56de\u5979:\u300e\u5f9e\u4f86\u6c92\u6709\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e00\u865f\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u300f\u7576\u6211\u544a\u8a34\u5979\u9019\u4f4d\u5ba2\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u6642\uff0c\u5979\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u8208\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5979\u5411\u6211\u4fdd\u8b49\uff0c\u7576\u5979\u770b\u5230\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5728\u5e97\u88e1\u8dd1\u4f86\u8dd1\u53bb\u7684\u6642\u5019\u5979\u4e0d\u77e5\u70ba\u4f55\u89ba\u5f97\u300e\u4ed6\u4e00\u5b9a\u5c31\u662f\u67e5\u723e\u65af\u30fb\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7235\u58eb\u300f\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u2605\u6700\u7d42\u56de\u9810\u544a\u300c<a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=20342\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u665a\u5e74\u7684\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c<\/a>\u300d\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a<br \/>\n<\/strong>*1 Friedrich Wilhelm Georg Kohlrausch (1840-1910): \u5fb7\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u56e0\u96fb\u89e3\u8cea\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u800c\u51fa\u540d\u3002<br \/>\n*2 Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz (1821-1894): \u5fb7\u570b\u751f\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u6709\u63d0\u5021\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6046\u7b49\u591a\u9805\u6210\u5c31\u3002<br \/>\n*3 Sir John Frederick William Herschel, 1<sup>st<\/sup>&nbsp;Baronet (1792 - 1871):\u3002\u82f1\u570b\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\ufe51\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\ufe51\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u651d\u5f71\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u5f88\u51fa\u540d\u3002\u5929\u738b\u661f\u767c\u73fe\u8005William Herschel\u7684\u5152\u5b50\u3002<br \/>\n*4 John Tyndall (1820 - 1893): \u82f1\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u662f\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5728\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u5be6\u8cea\u4e0a\u7684\u63a5\u73ed\u4eba\u3002\u56e0\u767c\u73fe\u5ef7\u5f97\u8033\u73fe\u8c61\u800c\u51fa\u540d\u3002<br \/>\n*5J. Tyndall, \u201cFaraday as a Discoverer,\u201d Longmans, Green, andCompany, London( 1868)\uff1b\u65e5\u8b6f: \u77e2\u5cf6\u7950\u5229 \u8a33\uff0c\u300e \u767a\u898b\u8005\u30d5\u30a1\u30e9\u30c7\u30fc\u300f\uff0c \u793e\u4f1a\u601d\u60f3\u793e\uff081973\uff09\u3002(\u8b6f\u8005\u5c1a\u672a\u767c\u73fe\u53f0\u8b6f\u672c)<br \/>\n*6\u6b63\u5f0f\u540d\u7a31\u662f\u201dThe Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society\u201d: \u7687\u5bb6\u5b78\u6703\u767c\u884c\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u96dc\u8a8c\u30021665\u5e74\u5275\u520a\u3002\u591a\u88ab\u8b6f\u70ba\u300e\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u6703\u5831\u300f\u3002<br \/>\n*7 1789\u5e74\u65bc\u5df4\u9ece\u5275\u520a\u30021814\u5e74\u6539\u540d\u70ba <em>Annales de Chimie et de physique<\/em>\u30021914 \u5e74\u4e8c\u5206\u70ba <em>Annales de Chimie<\/em>\u8207 <em>Annales de Physique<\/em><em>\u3002<br \/>\n<\/em>*8 Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (1778 - 1850) \u3002\u6cd5\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u65bc1808\u5e74\u767c\u8868\u6c23\u9ad4\u53cd\u61c9\u9ad4\u7a4d\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3002<br \/>\n*9 Self-help: Samuel Smiles (1812 - 1904) \u7684\u300e \u81ea\u52a9\u8ad6\u300f\u50b3\u5165\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u548c\u798f\u6fa4\u8aed\u5409\u7684\u300e \u52f8\u5b78\u300f\u540c\u6a23\u5ee3\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u3002<br \/>\n*10 Margaret Hilda Thatcher (1925 - 2013): \u82f1\u570b\u53f2\u4e0a\u9996\u4f4d\u5973\u6027\u9996\u76f8 (1979 - 1990) \u3002<br \/>\n*11 James Ramsay Macdonald (1866 - 1937): \u82f1\u570b\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u3002\u9996\u4f4d\u52de\u52d5\u9ee8\u7c4d\u7684\u9996\u76f8\u3002\u514b\u8033\u6587\u7537\u7235\u7684\u89aa\u621a\u3002<br \/>\n*12 Ernest Rutherford, 1<sup>st<\/sup> Baron Rutherford of Nelson (1871 - 1937): \u82f1\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u6709\u767c\u73fea\u5c04\u7dda\u548cb\u5c04\u7dda\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u539f\u5b50\u6838\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u8b8a\u63db\u7b49\u7b49\u8a31\u591a\u6210\u5c31\u3002<br \/>\n*13 Sir William Henry Bragg (1862 - 1942): \u82f1\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u30021915\u5e74\u56e0\u6709\u95dc\u7528X\u5149\u5206\u6790\u7d50\u6676\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5152\u5b50Lawrence\u540c\u6642\u7372\u5f97\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u30021923\u5e74\u8d77\u64d4\u4efb\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u5bcc\u52d2\u6559\u6388\u3002<br \/>\n*14 Friedrich Karl Johannes Thiele (1865 - 1918): \u5fb7\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u63d0\u51fa\u548c\u82ef\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u5b50\u50f9\u5047\u8aaa(\u8b6f\u8a3b: Partial Valence Hypothesis)\u3002<br \/>\n*15 Jacob Henricus van\u2019t Hoff (1852 - 1911): \u8377\u862d\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u7372\u5f971901\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u3002<br \/>\n*16 Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann (1844 - 1906): \u5967\u5730\u5229\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002<br \/>\n*17 Max Theodor Felix von Laue (1879 - 1960): \u5fb7\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002<br \/>\n*18 Johann Wilhelm Hittorf (1824 - 1914): \u5fb7\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u56e0\u5e0c\u6258\u592b\u8f38\u9001\u6bd4(\u8b6f\u8a3b: Hittorf transport radio \u6216 ion transport number) \u7684\u7814\u7a76\u800c\u51fa\u540d\u3002<br \/>\n*19 \u5728\u8cb4\u65cf\u6216\u4e0a\u6d41\u793e\u6703\u7684\u4eba\u5bb6\u88e1\u6216\u5bfa\u9662\u505a\u5bb6\u4e8b\ufe51\u5bb6\u52d9\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u50d5\u4eba\u7684\u9818\u73ed\u3002\u5c0f\u8aaa\u300e \u9577\u65e5\u5c07\u76e1\u300f[\u77f3\u9ed1\u4e00\u96c4\u8457\uff0c\u4f59\u800c\u5f65\u8b6f\uff0c\u7687\u51a0(1994)]\u5373\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ee5\u7ba1\u5bb6\u70ba\u4e3b\u4eba\u7fc1\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<br \/>\n*20 Civil List Pension: \u96d6\u7136\u6709\u9644\u6bcf\u5e74300\u938a\u7684\u5e74\u91d1\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u5e74\u91d1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6027\u8cea\u6bd4\u8f03\u63a5\u8fd1\u52f3\u7ae0\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002<br \/>\n*21 William Lamb, 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Viscount of Melbourne (1779 - 1848): \u82f1\u570b\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u3002\u66fe\u4efb\u5169\u4efb\u9996\u76f8(\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b211834\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b211835 ~ 1841\u5e74)\u3002<br \/>\n*22 University College London: 1862\u5e74\u5275\u6821\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5728\u5275\u6821\u6642\u88ab\u8058\u3002<br \/>\n*23 Thomas Graham (1805 - 1869): \u82f1\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u56e0\u64f4\u6563\u5b9a\u5f8b\u800c\u51fa\u540d\u3002\u4e5f\u662f\u82f1\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u6703\u7684\u5275\u8fa6\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<br \/>\n*24 \u5728\u7576\u6642\u4ed6\u662f\u5beb\u505a\u56fa\u9ad4\u78b3\u9178 (solid carbonic acid) \u3002<br \/>\n*25 Charles Babbage (1791 - 1871): \u82f1\u570b\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u63d0\u51fa\u300c\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a2d\u8a08\u300d\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u4eba\u3002<br \/>\n*26 George Riebau (\u751f\u5352\u5e74\u4e0d\u8a73): \u6cd5\u570b\u4f86\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u3002\u66f8\u5546\uff0c\u88dd\u8a02\u5546\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>--<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong> \u539f\u6587\u51fa\u8655\uff1a\u9023\u8f09\u65bc\u300e\u5316\u5b66\u300f\uff0c68\uff085\uff09\uff0c22\uff082013\uff09\uff08\u5316\u5b66\u540c\u4eba\u793e\uff09<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong> \u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u7af9\u5167\u30fb\u656c\u4eba Takeuchi Yoshito\uff0c\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u795e\u5948\u5ddd\u5927\u5b78\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\u3002 1962\u5e74\u53d6\u5f97\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u5927\u5b78\u9662\u7406\u5b78\u9662\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong> \u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1a\u9673\u7af9\u4ead\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u56e0\u70ba\u7121\u8207\u502b\u6bd4\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u6210\u5c31\u8207\u7981\u617e\u822c\u7684<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":19919,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,1042],"tags":[2249,1067,1638,2258],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/f6.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19909"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19909"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19909\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28225,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19909\/revisions\/28225"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19919"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19909"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19909"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19909"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}