{"id":19848,"date":"2014-12-10T00:07:44","date_gmt":"2014-12-09T16:07:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=19848"},"modified":"2017-07-29T14:57:56","modified_gmt":"2017-07-29T06:57:56","slug":"%e3%80%90%e6%b5%b7%e6%b4%8b%e7%94%9f%e6%85%8b%e3%80%91%e9%af%a8%e8%b1%9a%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c%e8%a3%a1%e7%9a%84%e5%a4%9a%e5%85%83%e6%88%90%e5%ae%b6%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=19848","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u614b\u3011\u9be8\u8c5a\u4e16\u754c\u88e1\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6210\u5bb6\u65b9\u6848"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>\u25a0\u8ab0\u8aaa\u5bb6\u5ead\u5fc5\u9808\u7531\u4e00\u592b\u4e00\u59bb\u5171\u540c\u7d44\u6210\uff1f\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u770b\u770b\u9be8\u8c5a\u4e16\u754c\u88e1\u591a\u6a23\u5316\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u7d44\u5408\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19849\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19849\" style=\"width: 484px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19849\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/416313.jpg\" alt=\"\u5716\u4e00\uff1a\u5357\u65b9\u5c45\u7559\u578b\u864e\u9be8\u3002\u5716\u7247\u53d6\u81ea\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u3002 \" width=\"484\" height=\"324\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/416313.jpg 484w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/416313-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 484px) 100vw, 484px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19849\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e00\uff1a\u5357\u65b9\u5c45\u7559\u578b\u864e\u9be8\u3002\u5716\u7247\u53d6\u81ea\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u9673\u7469<\/p>\n<p>\u5404\u4f4d\u611b\u597d\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u5982\u679c\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u5230\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u82f1\u5c6c\u54e5\u502b\u6bd4\u4e9e\u4e00\u904a\uff0c\u8acb\u52d9\u5fc5\u64a5\u51fa\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u7a7a\u6a94\u5230\u6eab\u54e5\u83ef\u5cf6\u8cde\u9be8\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u5e36\u662f\u8a31\u591a\u5927\u578b\u9077\u5f99\u6027\u9b1a\u9be8\u590f\u5b63\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8993\u98df\u5730\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u5c0f\u578b\u9f52\u9be8\u7684\u5bb6\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5f9e\u6eab\u54e5\u83ef\u5cf6\u51fa\u6d77\u6700\u7d93\u5178\u7684\uff0c\u600e\u9ebc\u8aaa\u90fd\u662f\u89c0\u8cde\u864e\u9be8\u7684\u884c\u7a0b\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60f3\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u6eab\u54e5\u83ef\u5cf6\u7684\u7dad\u591a\u5229\u4e9e\u6e2f\u51fa\u6d77\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u7d04\u83ab\u4e00\u5c0f\u6642\u7684\u5c0b\u9be8\u822a\u7a0b\u5f8c\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u4e00\u7fa4\u8993\u98df\u4e2d\u7684\u864e\u9be8\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341\u96bb\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u6709\u516c\u6709\u6bcd\uff0c\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u5e7e\u96bb\u5e7c\u9be8\uff0c\u7dca\u7dca\u4f9d\u504e\u5728\u6bcd\u9be8\u8eab\u908a\u3002\u773c\u898b\u6b64\u60c5\u6b64\u666f\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u6703\u4e0b\u610f\u8b58\u5730\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u7fa4\u864e\u9be8\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6642\u5019\u8cde\u9be8\u8239\u4e0a\u7684\u904a\u5ba2\u7d44\u6210\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u5e7e\u500b\u592b\u5531\u5a66\u96a8\u3001\u7236\u6148\u5b50\u5b5d\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u5bb6\u5ead\u78b0\u5de7\u6e4a\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u54a6\uff01\u96e3\u9053\u4e0d\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u55ce\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u65bc\u6bcf\u4e00\u96bb\u864e\u9be8\u7684\u6027\u5225\u548c\u8eab\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u5916\u8868\u7279\u5fb5\u8fa8\u8b58\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u548c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5f9e1970\u5e74\u4ee3\u5c31\u958b\u59cb\u7528\u62cd\u7167\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ffd\u8e64\u83ef\u76db\u9813\u5dde\u5230\u82f1\u5c6c\u54e5\u502b\u6bd4\u4e9e\u9019\u4e00\u5e36\u6bcf\u4e00\u96bb\u864e\u9be8\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u30021990\u5e74\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u7814\u7a76\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u9023\u7e8c15\u5e74\u9593\u76f8\u7247\u7d00\u9304\uff0c\u8fa8\u8b58\u51fa261\u96bb\u5c6c\u65bc\u300c\u5357\u65b9\u5b9a\u5c45\u578b (southern resident)\u300d\u7684\u864e\u9be8\u500b\u9ad4\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u4ed6\u5011\u96c6\u7d50\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u78b0\u5de7\u6e4a\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ee5\u6bcd\u7cfb\u8840\u89aa\u5bb6\u65cf\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u96c6\u9ad4\u884c\u52d5\u3002\u7c21\u55ae\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5abd\u5abd\u6703\u5e36\u8457\u89aa\u751f\u5b50\u5973\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5b6b\u5b50\u5b6b\u5973\uff0c\u7d42\u5176\u4e00\u751f\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u5728\u6d77\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u7684\u864e\u9be8\u7fa4\u88e1\u96c4\u58ef\u5a01\u6b66\u7684\u6210\u5e74\u96c4\u9be8\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u7fa4\u5185\u4efb\u4f55\u5e7c\u9be8\u7684\u7238\u7238\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u96cc\u9be8\u7684\u914d\u5076\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u96e2\u4e0d\u958b\u5abd\u5abd\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u5011\u3002\u5f8c\u7e8c\u7684\u8ffd\u8e64\u7814\u7a76\u751a\u81f3\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u6bcd\u89aa\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u5e74\u5152\u5973\u63a5\u9023\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u6709\u660e\u986f\u5dee\u5225\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u6210\u5e74\u96c4\u9be8\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u6709\u986f\u8457\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u6607\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u51f8\u986f\u51fa\u96c4\u6027\u864e\u9be8\u6c92\u6709\u5abd\u6d3b\u4e0d\u4e0b\u53bb\u7684\u5abd\u5bf6\u7279\u8cea\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u7576\u5730\u9664\u4e86\u300c\u5357\u65b9\u5b9a\u5c45\u578b\u300d\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u9077\u5f99\u578b (transient)\u300d\u7684\u864e\u9be8\u3002\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u5357\u65b9\u5b9a\u5c45\u578b\u7684\u864e\u9be8\u52d5\u8f12\u5341\u5e7e\u4e8c\u5341\u96bb\u5168\u5bb6\u5927\u5c0f\u96c6\u9ad4\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u5927\u9663\u4ed7\uff0c\u9077\u5f99\u578b\u864e\u9be8\u7684\u96c6\u7d50\u5718\u9ad4\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u8f03\u5c0f\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u96bb\u6bcd\u9be8\u5e36\u8457\u4e00\u5230\u5169\u96bb\u7684\u5b50\u5973\u4e00\u8d77\u884c\u52d5\u3002\u9077\u5f99\u578b\u7684\u96c4\u9be8\u6210\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u7559\u5728\u6bcd\u89aa\u8eab\u908a\uff0c\u800c\u96e2\u958b\u5abd\u5abd\u7684\u6210\u5e74\u96c4\u9be8\u50be\u5411\u4e00\u8f29\u5b50\u7368\u81ea\u6d41\u6d6a\uff0c\u53ea\u6703\u5076\u723e\u9760\u8fd1\u96cc\u9be8\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u5c0b\u6c42\u4ea4\u914d\u6a5f\u6703\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u6a23\u540c\u7a2e\u9be8\u8c5a\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u540c\u6a23\u6d77\u57df\uff0c\u537b\u6709\u8457\u8fe5\u7570\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c \u4e5f\u767c\u751f\u5728\u590f\u5a01\u5937\u7fa4\u5cf6\u5468\u570d\u7684\u98db\u65cb\u6d77\u8c5a\u65cf\u7fa4\u88e1\u3002\u98db\u65cb\u6d77\u8c5a\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6709\u8457\u5c16\u9577\u7684\u5634\u5599\uff0c\u6d41\u7dda\u5f62\u7684\u9ad4\u578b\uff0c\u5728\u6d77\u6d0b\u88e1\u9ad8\u901f\u7a7f\u68ad\u7684\u5c0f\u578b\u9be8\u8c5a\u3002\u548c\u524d\u8ff0\u864e\u9be8\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5229\u7528\u7167\u76f8\u8fa8\u8b58\u65b9\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u590f\u5a01\u5937\u7fa4\u5cf6\u5404\u5cf6\u5468\u908a\u98db\u65cb\u6d77\u8c5a\u500b\u9ad4\u548c\u500b\u9ad4\u9593\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u983b\u7387\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u590f\u5a01\u5937\u7fa4\u5cf6\u6771\u5357\u5340\u57df\u5c3c\u83ef(Ni\u2019hau)\uff0d\u590f\u5a01\u5937\u5cf6(Hawai\u2019i Island)\u7b49\u5927\u578b\u5cf6\u5dbc\u5468\u908a\u7684\u6d77\u8c5a\u7fa4\u9ad4\u6c92\u6709\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u96c6\u5718\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5abd\u5abd\u548c\u5bf6\u5bf6\u6703\u7121\u6642\u7121\u523b\u76f8\u4f34\u5de6\u53f3\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u6d77\u8c5a\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u4ea4\u5f80\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u897f\u5317\u5340\u4e2d\u9014\u5cf6(Midway Atoll)\u9644\u8fd1\u6c99\u6d32\u5c0f\u5cf6\u56db\u5468\u7684\u6d77\u8c5a\uff0c\u537b\u6709\u8457\u50cf\u864e\u9be8\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e00\u6a23\u89aa\u5bc6\u7684\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u7d50\u69cb\uff0d\u53ea\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u7121\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u8b49\u5be6\u98db\u65cb\u6d77\u8c5a\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u5167\u7684\u89aa\u7de3\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u80fd\u731c\u6e2c\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u5185\u7684\u96cc\u96c4\u6d77\u8c5a\u4e5f\u8a31\u548c\u864e\u9be8\u4e00\u6a23\u662f\u8840\u8108\u76f8\u901a\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u500b\u6027\u5951\u5408\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19850\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19850\" style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19850\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/131423.jpg\" alt=\"\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u60a0\u6e38\u5728\u590f\u5a01\u5937\u6d77\u57df\u7684\u98db\u65cb\u6d77\u8c5a\u3002\u5716\u7247\u53d6\u81ea\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u3002 \" width=\"460\" height=\"302\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/131423.jpg 460w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/131423-300x196.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19850\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u60a0\u6e38\u5728\u590f\u5a01\u5937\u6d77\u57df\u7684\u98db\u65cb\u6d77\u8c5a\u3002\u5716\u7247\u53d6\u81ea\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: 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\/>\n1.Andrews, K. R., L.Karczmarski, W. W. L. Au, S. H. Rickards, C. A. Vanderlip, B. W. Bowen, E. G.Grau, and R. J. Toonen. 2010. Rolling stones and stable homes: social structure, habitat diversity and population genetics of the Hawaiian spinner dolphin (<em>Stenella longirostris<\/em>).<em>Molecular Ecology<\/em> 19: 732-748.<br \/>\n2.Baird, R. W., and H. Whitehead. 2000. Social organization of mammal-eating killer whales: group stability and dispersal patterns.<em>Canadian Journal of Zoology <\/em>78: 2096-2105.<br \/>\n3.Bigg, M. A., P. F. Olesiuk, G. M. Ellis, J. K. B. Ford, and K. C.Balcomb III. 1990. Social Organization and Genealogy of Resident Killer Whales (<em>Orcinus Orca<\/em>) in the Coastal Waters of British Columbia and Washington State. Reports of International Whaling Commission Special Issue 12:383-405.<br \/>\n4.Center for Whale Research <a href=\"http:\/\/www.whaleresearch.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.whaleresearch.com\/<\/a><br \/>\n5.Foster, E. A., D. W.Franks, S. Mazzi, S. K. Darden, K.C. Balcomb, J. K. B. Ford and D. P. Croft. 2012. Adaptive Prolonged Postreproductive Life Span in Killer Whales. <em>Science <\/em>337: 1313.<br \/>\n6.Karczmarski, L., B.W\u00fcrsig, G.Gailey, K. W. Larson, and C.Vanderlip. 2005.Spinner dolphins in a remote Hawaiian atoll: social grouping and population structure.<em>Behavioral Ecology<\/em> 16: 675-685.<br \/>\n7.M\u00f6ller, L. M. 2012.Sociogenetic Structure, Kin Associations and Bonding in Delphinids. <em>Molecular Ecology<\/em> 21: 745-764.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u8ab0\u8aaa\u5bb6\u5ead\u5fc5\u9808\u7531\u4e00\u592b\u4e00\u59bb\u5171\u540c\u7d44\u6210\uff1f\u8b93\u6211\u5011<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":19849,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,26],"tags":[1546,1544,1485,57,1547,1545],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/416313.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19848"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19848"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19848\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29009,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19848\/revisions\/29009"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19849"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19848"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19848"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19848"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}